Đề thi thử Tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2026 môn Tiếng anh Sở GD&ĐT TP. Đà Nẵng - Đề 3

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 1:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 2:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 3:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 4:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 5:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

A Sustainable Future for All

• In today’s fast-paced world, adopting a green lifestyle is (1) _________ for a healthier planet and future. By using eco-friendly products, we contribute to a cleaner environment and lower our carbon footprint.

• The green lifestyle not only promotes sustainability but also encourages (2) _________ and recycling practices, which are crucial for maintaining the balance of nature.

• We should all strive to reduce waste, (3) _________ the environment and future generations. Adopting renewable energy sources like solar power is one of the best ways to reduce our impact. In addition to reducing waste, it is important to educate others (4) _________ green living, because sharing knowledge helps inspire change and foster a greener community.

• Let's work together to make our world a better place, because a little effort can (5) _________ a long way in creating a greener tomorrow. By choosing to use public transportation or (6) _________ more often, you can reduce your carbon footprint while also staying active and healthy.

Choose the best answer for question 6:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 7:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 8:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 9:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 10:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 11:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Stay Fit, Stay Healthy

Discover the Power of Regular Exercise!

Boost your well-being with daily activity regular exercise is not just about fitness; it’s a pathway to a healthier, happier life. With just 30 minutes of physical activity each day, you can (7) _______ enhance your mental and physical well-being.

Why Exercise Matters Exercise boosts your energy levels, helping you get through (8) ___ day with greater focus and vitality. It strengthens your heart, fortifies your immune system, and supports a healthy weight. Plus, regular exercise releases endorphins, lifting your mood and lowering stress and anxiety. (9) ___, a (10) ___ lifestyle can lead to feelings of fatigue, stress, and higher susceptibility to illness.

Simple Steps for Big Gains

Whether it’s walking, cycling, or swimming, any movement helps. Regular exercise keeps your body active, reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. On the contrary, (11) ___ on physical activity could increase the likelihood of health problems down the road.

Start Today and Feel the Difference! Small, consistent efforts yield lasting rewards. Begin your (12) ___ to a healthier, happier life today-take a step, make a plan, and experience the difference!

Choose the best answer for question 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Alice: "That sounds serious. Have you been to see a doctor?"

b. Mark: "Not great, actually. I've been feeling under the weather for a few days."

c. Alice: "How have you been, Mark?"

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. John: I’m planning to visit Japan next summer.

b. Mary: Why Japan?

c. Mary: Have you already decided on the places you want to visit?

d. John: I’ve always been fascinated by Japanese culture and history.

e. Mary: That sounds amazing! I hope you enjoy the trip

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Besides, doing chores together can actually be fun and it makes the work go faster.

b. Dear Mike, I hope you are well! I've been thinking about why it's important for children to help with housework.

c. It's a good way for families to spend time together and learn new skills.

d. Firstly, it teaches us responsibility and how to take care of our own things.

e. Also, when we help our parents, it shows them respect and

gratitude for all they do for us.

f. Best wishes

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a.Besides, I excel in my classes, consistently achieving high scores.

b. I'm a responsible high school student looking for a part-time job that will allow me to gain valuable experience.

c. I can manage my time effectively and always meet deadlines both at school and in any jobs I take on.

d. But academics aren't my only strength – I'm also really organized.

e. I believe I have great teamwork skills as I'm always happy to work with others and contribute my ideas to achieve a common goal

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. It started off perfectly, exceeding even my wildest dreams.

b. We felt anxious and disappointed when all the tours were canceled and flights were delayed.

c. However, on the fourth day, my experience took an unexpected turn when the city was hit by a severe rainstorm.

d. My trip to Dubai in April 2024 was supposed to be a dream vacation with luxurious hotels and desert safaris.

e. Although the floods meant we were stuck in the hotel, it turned out a blessing in disguise as we formed unexpected friendships with other tourists

Read the following passage about the benefits of higher education and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Pursuing higher education offers numerous benefits, enhancing individuals' knowledge and skills (18) _________________.

By attending college or university, students cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, (19) ___________. Additionally, (20) ____________ fosters personal growth and self-discovery, encouraging learners to explore their interests and passions.

Through participating in extracurricular activities and internships, students expand their networks and (21) __________ in their fields. Moreover, obtaining advanced degrees increases individuals' earning potential and job prospects, empowering them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and society at large.

Overall, by investing in their education, individuals enrich their lives and lay (22) ____________ .

Choose the best answer for question 18:

Read the following passage about the benefits of higher education and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Pursuing higher education offers numerous benefits, enhancing individuals' knowledge and skills (18) _________________.

By attending college or university, students cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, (19) ___________. Additionally, (20) ____________ fosters personal growth and self-discovery, encouraging learners to explore their interests and passions.

Through participating in extracurricular activities and internships, students expand their networks and (21) __________ in their fields. Moreover, obtaining advanced degrees increases individuals' earning potential and job prospects, empowering them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and society at large.

Overall, by investing in their education, individuals enrich their lives and lay (22) ____________ .

Choose the best answer for question 19:

Read the following passage about the benefits of higher education and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Pursuing higher education offers numerous benefits, enhancing individuals' knowledge and skills (18) _________________.

By attending college or university, students cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, (19) ___________. Additionally, (20) ____________ fosters personal growth and self-discovery, encouraging learners to explore their interests and passions.

Through participating in extracurricular activities and internships, students expand their networks and (21) __________ in their fields. Moreover, obtaining advanced degrees increases individuals' earning potential and job prospects, empowering them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and society at large.

Overall, by investing in their education, individuals enrich their lives and lay (22) ____________ .

Choose the best answer for question 20:

Read the following passage about the benefits of higher education and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Pursuing higher education offers numerous benefits, enhancing individuals' knowledge and skills (18) _________________.

By attending college or university, students cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, (19) ___________. Additionally, (20) ____________ fosters personal growth and self-discovery, encouraging learners to explore their interests and passions.

Through participating in extracurricular activities and internships, students expand their networks and (21) __________ in their fields. Moreover, obtaining advanced degrees increases individuals' earning potential and job prospects, empowering them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and society at large.

Overall, by investing in their education, individuals enrich their lives and lay (22) ____________ .

Choose the best answer for question 21:

Read the following passage about the benefits of higher education and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Pursuing higher education offers numerous benefits, enhancing individuals' knowledge and skills (18) _________________.

By attending college or university, students cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, (19) ___________. Additionally, (20) ____________ fosters personal growth and self-discovery, encouraging learners to explore their interests and passions.

Through participating in extracurricular activities and internships, students expand their networks and (21) __________ in their fields. Moreover, obtaining advanced degrees increases individuals' earning potential and job prospects, empowering them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and society at large.

Overall, by investing in their education, individuals enrich their lives and lay (22) ____________ .

Choose the best answer for question 22:

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a symbolic activity Nelson Mandela participated in?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

The word “racial” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

The word “He” in paragraph 3 refers to_________

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

The word “apartheid” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by_________

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

In which paragraph does the writer mention the inheritance of Nelson Mandela?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

In which paragraph does the writer mention the sorrowful year of Nelson Mandela?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

The phrase “defining feature” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_________

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?

However, with this rapid growth came numerous challenges

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to_________

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge of urbanization in South Korea?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

The word “prosperity” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_________

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following passage about the Urbanization in South Korea and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Urbanization in South Korea has been one of the most significant transformations in the country’s history, especially after the Korean War. From the 1950s onwards, South Korea experienced rapid industrialization, leading to a massive shift from a predominantly rural society to a modern urban one. Seoul, the capital city, became the central hub for economic, political, and cultural development. The government played a pivotal role in this transition by investing heavily in infrastructure, improving transportation, and creating job opportunities in cities, particularly in manufacturing and service sectors. These efforts attracted a large number of people from rural areas, eager to escape poverty and seek better opportunities.

As a result, cities expanded rapidly, and the demand for housing skyrocketed. To accommodate the growing population, high-rise apartment complexes were built, which became a defining feature of the urban landscape. [I]. Overcrowding in urban centres became a significant issue, and with it, the rise in pollution levels, especially air and water pollution, which negatively affected the quality of life in cities[II]. [III]Additionally, the cost of living, particularly in Seoul, became increasingly high, [IV]making it difficult for many citizens to afford housing and basic services.

Despite these challenges, urbanization has played a key role in driving South Korea’s economic growth and technological advancement. The country is now recognized as one of the world’s leading economies, largely due to the industrial and technological developments that took place in its urban centres. Urban areas have become centres of innovation, where new industries, such as information technology and electronics, thrive.

Today, the government is working to address the negative effects of rapid urbanization. Efforts to reduce pollution, improve environmental sustainability, and promote balanced development between urban and rural areas are central to current policy. While urbanization has brought prosperity and social mobility to many South Koreans, the challenge of managing growth while ensuring sustainability remains a complex issue.

In conclusion, urbanization has fundamentally reshaped South Korea’s economy, culture, and society. It has been a driving force behind the country's rise as a global economic power. However, as cities continue to grow, finding a balance between development and sustainability will be essential to ensure the well-being of future generations.

Which of the following best summarises the passage?