Đề thi thử Tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2026 môn Tiếng anh Sở GD&ĐT Hải Phòng - Đề 1

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

What is Sarah’s pet’s name?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

Where does Sarah take Max in the morning?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

What does Max love to do in the park?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

What did Sarah find near her house?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

What is the relationship between Max and Bella?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Reading Comprehension 1

Sarah loves animals. She has a pet dog named Max. Max is small, fluffy, and very playful. Every morning, Sarah takes Max for a walk in the park. Max enjoys running and chasing birds. He also loves playing with other dogs. After the walk, Sarah gives Max his favorite food—chicken and rice. One day, Sarah found a lost kitten near her house. She decided to take it home and named it Bella. Now, Max and Bella are best friends.

How does Max feel with Sarah?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

Where did Tom and his family go last weekend?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

What was the weather like?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

What did Tom and his sister build?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

What did they eat at the picnic?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

What did they do in the afternoon?

Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Reading Comprehension 2

Tom and his family went to the beach last weekend. The weather was sunny and warm. Tom and his sister built a big sandcastle. They used shells to decorate it. After playing in the sand, Tom and his sister went swimming. Later, they had a picnic with sandwiches, fruits, and juice. In the afternoon, they collected seashells and took many pictures.

How did Tom feel about the day?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. "Nice to meet you!"

b. "Hi! My name is Anna."

c. "I'm Jake. What's your name?"

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. "Yes, I have a dog and a cat."

b. "Do you have any pets?"

c. "That's great! I love cats too."

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. "Tom picked up a book from the shelf."

b. "He opened the book and started reading."

c. "He found the story very interesting."

d. "Tom decided to borrow the book from the library."

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. "She packed her bag carefully, making sure not to forget anything."

b. "Lisa was excited for her trip to the mountains."

c. "She arrived at the bus station early in the morning."

d. "The bus finally arrived, and she got on with a big smile."

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

b. "In today's digital age, reading books remains an essential habit for personal growth."

c. "Additionally, books provide knowledge, inspiration, and new perspectives on life."

d. "By reading regularly, people can expand their understanding of the world and enhance their creativity."

e. "Whether fiction or non-fiction, books have the power to shape minds and influence lives in positive ways."

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Learning a foreign language has become essential in today's world, especially with globalization. It not only helps individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, but it also (18) __________ in a global job market. Many students are now realizing the importance of learning a second language. However, it is not always easy to stay motivated and focused, especially (19) __________. To address this challenge, educational institutions are increasingly offering foreign language programs (20) __________. These programs are designed to not only enhance language proficiency but also encourage students to understand other cultures. For instance, learning a second language can (21) __________, which can help in professional growth and international relations. Nevertheless, it is crucial (22) __________, as language programs need to cater to different learning styles and goals.

Choose the best answer for question 18:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Learning a foreign language has become essential in today's world, especially with globalization. It not only helps individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, but it also (18) __________ in a global job market. Many students are now realizing the importance of learning a second language. However, it is not always easy to stay motivated and focused, especially (19) __________. To address this challenge, educational institutions are increasingly offering foreign language programs (20) __________. These programs are designed to not only enhance language proficiency but also encourage students to understand other cultures. For instance, learning a second language can (21) __________, which can help in professional growth and international relations. Nevertheless, it is crucial (22) __________, as language programs need to cater to different learning styles and goals.

Choose the best answer for question 19:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Learning a foreign language has become essential in today's world, especially with globalization. It not only helps individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, but it also (18) __________ in a global job market. Many students are now realizing the importance of learning a second language. However, it is not always easy to stay motivated and focused, especially (19) __________. To address this challenge, educational institutions are increasingly offering foreign language programs (20) __________. These programs are designed to not only enhance language proficiency but also encourage students to understand other cultures. For instance, learning a second language can (21) __________, which can help in professional growth and international relations. Nevertheless, it is crucial (22) __________, as language programs need to cater to different learning styles and goals.

Choose the best answer for question 20:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Learning a foreign language has become essential in today's world, especially with globalization. It not only helps individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, but it also (18) __________ in a global job market. Many students are now realizing the importance of learning a second language. However, it is not always easy to stay motivated and focused, especially (19) __________. To address this challenge, educational institutions are increasingly offering foreign language programs (20) __________. These programs are designed to not only enhance language proficiency but also encourage students to understand other cultures. For instance, learning a second language can (21) __________, which can help in professional growth and international relations. Nevertheless, it is crucial (22) __________, as language programs need to cater to different learning styles and goals.

Choose the best answer for question 21:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Learning a foreign language has become essential in today's world, especially with globalization. It not only helps individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, but it also (18) __________ in a global job market. Many students are now realizing the importance of learning a second language. However, it is not always easy to stay motivated and focused, especially (19) __________. To address this challenge, educational institutions are increasingly offering foreign language programs (20) __________. These programs are designed to not only enhance language proficiency but also encourage students to understand other cultures. For instance, learning a second language can (21) __________, which can help in professional growth and international relations. Nevertheless, it is crucial (22) __________, as language programs need to cater to different learning styles and goals.

Choose the best answer for question 22:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

The word "revolutionized" in the first paragraph most nearly means:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

What challenges did Albert Einstein face early in life?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

The phrase "laid the foundation" in the second paragraph most nearly means that Einstein:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

Why did Albert Einstein emigrate to the United States in 1933?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

How did Einstein contribute to society beyond science?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

What is the main idea of the third paragraph?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

The passage suggests that Albert Einstein was:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, born in 1879 in Germany, is widely regarded as one of the most influential physicists in history. His contributions to the field of theoretical physics revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy. Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, particularly the equation E=mc², which shows the relationship between energy and mass.

Despite facing challenges early in life, including struggles with language and academic difficulties, Einstein's passion for mathematics and science led him to pursue a career in physics. His groundbreaking work in the early 20th century earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which laid the foundation for quantum theory.

Einstein's work extended beyond science. He was an outspoken advocate for peace, civil rights, and social justice, particularly in the face of the rise of Nazism in Europe. In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States, where he continued his work at Princeton University until his death in 1955.

Today, Einstein's legacy is honored worldwide, not just for his scientific achievements, but also for his advocacy for human rights and his enduring impact on how we perceive the universe.

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the entire passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

Which of the following is the main focus of the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

The word "intermittency" in paragraph 3 most nearly means:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

The phrase "mitigate climate change" in paragraph 4 refers to:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

The word "substantial" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

According to the passage, what is a key challenge in using solar and wind energy?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

What is one solution mentioned in the passage to address the intermittency of renewable energy?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

What economic issue is associated with the transition to renewable energy?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

The phrase "key driver of sustainable development" in the last paragraph suggests that renewable energy:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

The tone of the passage can best be described as:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

The Future of Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is quickly becoming a cornerstone of global efforts to combat climate change. With the increasing recognition of the environmental and economic benefits of renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels. This transition to clean energy is seen as essential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global warming.

One of the key advantages of renewable energy is its sustainability. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and contribute significantly to pollution, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible. Solar power, for example, harnesses energy from the sun, which is a constant and reliable source. Similarly, wind and hydropower rely on natural cycles that are abundant and predictable. This makes renewable energy a cleaner and more sustainable option for the future.

However, there are also challenges associated with the widespread adoption of renewable energy. A significant barrier is the intermittency of some renewable energy sources. Solar and wind power, for instance, depend on weather conditions, which can be unpredictable. This means that energy storage systems are necessary to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Advances in battery technology and grid infrastructure are crucial to addressing this issue and enabling the seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids.

Another concern is the economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy. While renewable energy can reduce long-term costs and environmental damage, the initial investment in infrastructure can be substantial. Governments and private sectors need to collaborate to fund the development of renewable energy technologies, including solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage solutions. Additionally, there are economic implications for industries that rely heavily on fossil fuels, such as coal mining and oil extraction. Job displacement and the need for retraining workers in the renewable energy sector are important issues that need to be addressed in the transition.

Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of renewable energy are vast. In addition to helping mitigate climate change, renewable energy can also create jobs, boost energy security, and reduce dependence on imported fuels. The ongoing global shift towards clean energy offers significant opportunities for innovation and economic growth, positioning renewable energy as a key driver of sustainable development in the coming decades.

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the entire passage?