Đề thi thử Tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2026 môn Tiếng anh cụm trường miền Trung - Đề 4

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 1:

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 2:

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 3:

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 4:

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 5:

Read the following advertisement about a new travel platform to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

DISCOVER NEW TRAVEL BUDDIES WITH TRAVELMATE

"Who will you explore your next destination with? Will they share the same (1) _______ for adventure, or will they prefer a more relaxing trip?" If you often wonder (2) ________ your travel companions before your next vacation, we have exciting news for you! TravelMate, a (3) ________, allows you to select your future travel buddies before your trip. This service is designed to give you a more enjoyable and personalized experience. All you need to do is share your travel preferences with the platform, and you'll be matched with others (4) ________ similar tastes. Whether you're looking to make new friends or reconnect with previous ones, TravelMate (5) _______ it easy. If you're seeking adventure or simply want (6) _______ a relaxing getaway, there's a perfect match waiting for you!

(Adapted from Global Travel)

Choose the best answer for question 6:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 7:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 8:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 9:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 10:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 11:

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN MODERN TIMES!

Facts:

Urbanization in modern times is reshaping our cities and lifestyles. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential growth in urban areas that has brought about both unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As populations grow, many people are moving to urban areas for better opportunities because cities have long served as hubs of economic, cultural, and social activities. (7)_________ may face challenges such as overcrowding and increased pollution.

Solutions:

To manage these issues, city planners must (8)________ traditional approaches and adopt innovative solutions. Sustainable development practices are crucial for creating livable environments.

(9)__________ recent studies, urban areas account for a significant portion of global economic (10)_________, highlighting their importance.

The (11)________ of smart city initiatives is also on the rise, focusing on efficient resource management and improved public (12)________.

(Adapted from https://ourworldindata.org )

Choose the best answer for question 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Ethan: Hi, Mia! Yes, I went there last weekend. The coffee was fantastic!

b. Mia: That’s great to hear! I’ll have to check it out soon.

c. Mia: Hey, Ethan! Have you tried that new café on Maple Street?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. John: I’m planning to visit Japan next summer.

b. Mary: Why Japan?

c. Mary: Have you already decided on the places you want to visit?

d. John: I’ve always been fascinated by Japanese culture and history.

e. Mary: That sounds amazing! I hope you enjoy the trip

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Hi Daniel,

a. I had a fantastic time meeting everyone.

b. The food was delicious, and the games were so much fun!

c. I wanted to thank you for inviting me to your party last weekend.

d. Let’s plan to get together again soon.

e. I really appreciate your hospitality!

Best,

Julia

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. While managing large teams and coordinating multiple tasks can be challenging, the sense of accomplishment when a project is completed successfully is truly rewarding.

b. I started my journey in project management five years ago, where I quickly developed a passion for overseeing complex projects.

c. My ability to communicate clearly with clients and colleagues is one of my greatest strengths in this role.

d. I have honed my skills through various leadership training programs and by handling diverse projects across industries.

e. In conclusion, my experience in leading teams and delivering results under tight deadlines has shaped me into a well-rounded project manager

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. However, once the foundation is laid, the real work begins as they start building more complex systems of thought and understanding.

b. Learning a new language is challenging, especially at the beginning when students are overwhelmed by grammar rules and unfamiliar vocabulary.

c. With continuous practice, learners gradually develop confidence in their speaking, listening, and writing skills, although progress may seem slow at first.

d. Many language learners experience frustration early on, but it's important to remember that fluency comes with time and dedication.

e. In the end, the sense of accomplishment that comes from mastering a language makes the effort worthwhile, opening doors to new cultures and opportunities

Read the following passage about electric vehicles (Evs) and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by electricity stored in batteries. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, EVs do not burn fossil fuels but instead rely on clean energy sources, making them more environmentally friendly. The future of electric vehicles is promising, as technological advancements and environmental concerns (18) __________. As governments worldwide implement stricter emissions regulations and offer incentives for EV adoption, manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. (19) __________, resulting in longer ranges and faster charging times. For instance, new solid-state batteries have the potential to enhance energy density and safety, making EVs more practical for everyday use.

Additionally, the rise of autonomous driving technology is set to revolutionize the way we interact with vehicles. Many electric models are now equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems (20) __________. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology allows for seamless connectivity, enabling drivers to monitor their vehicle's performance and locate charging stations through mobile apps.

As charging infrastructure continues to expand, (21) __________, the convenience of owning an EV is increasing. This transition to electric vehicles not only promises a reduction in carbon emissions but also fosters a cleaner, healthier environment. Overall, (22) __________ and sustainable transportation.

Choose the best answer for question 18:

Read the following passage about electric vehicles (Evs) and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by electricity stored in batteries. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, EVs do not burn fossil fuels but instead rely on clean energy sources, making them more environmentally friendly. The future of electric vehicles is promising, as technological advancements and environmental concerns (18) __________. As governments worldwide implement stricter emissions regulations and offer incentives for EV adoption, manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. (19) __________, resulting in longer ranges and faster charging times. For instance, new solid-state batteries have the potential to enhance energy density and safety, making EVs more practical for everyday use.

Additionally, the rise of autonomous driving technology is set to revolutionize the way we interact with vehicles. Many electric models are now equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems (20) __________. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology allows for seamless connectivity, enabling drivers to monitor their vehicle's performance and locate charging stations through mobile apps.

As charging infrastructure continues to expand, (21) __________, the convenience of owning an EV is increasing. This transition to electric vehicles not only promises a reduction in carbon emissions but also fosters a cleaner, healthier environment. Overall, (22) __________ and sustainable transportation.

Choose the best answer for question 19:

Read the following passage about electric vehicles (Evs) and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by electricity stored in batteries. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, EVs do not burn fossil fuels but instead rely on clean energy sources, making them more environmentally friendly. The future of electric vehicles is promising, as technological advancements and environmental concerns (18) __________. As governments worldwide implement stricter emissions regulations and offer incentives for EV adoption, manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. (19) __________, resulting in longer ranges and faster charging times. For instance, new solid-state batteries have the potential to enhance energy density and safety, making EVs more practical for everyday use.

Additionally, the rise of autonomous driving technology is set to revolutionize the way we interact with vehicles. Many electric models are now equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems (20) __________. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology allows for seamless connectivity, enabling drivers to monitor their vehicle's performance and locate charging stations through mobile apps.

As charging infrastructure continues to expand, (21) __________, the convenience of owning an EV is increasing. This transition to electric vehicles not only promises a reduction in carbon emissions but also fosters a cleaner, healthier environment. Overall, (22) __________ and sustainable transportation.

Choose the best answer for question 20:

Read the following passage about electric vehicles (Evs) and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by electricity stored in batteries. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, EVs do not burn fossil fuels but instead rely on clean energy sources, making them more environmentally friendly. The future of electric vehicles is promising, as technological advancements and environmental concerns (18) __________. As governments worldwide implement stricter emissions regulations and offer incentives for EV adoption, manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. (19) __________, resulting in longer ranges and faster charging times. For instance, new solid-state batteries have the potential to enhance energy density and safety, making EVs more practical for everyday use.

Additionally, the rise of autonomous driving technology is set to revolutionize the way we interact with vehicles. Many electric models are now equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems (20) __________. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology allows for seamless connectivity, enabling drivers to monitor their vehicle's performance and locate charging stations through mobile apps.

As charging infrastructure continues to expand, (21) __________, the convenience of owning an EV is increasing. This transition to electric vehicles not only promises a reduction in carbon emissions but also fosters a cleaner, healthier environment. Overall, (22) __________ and sustainable transportation.

Choose the best answer for question 21:

Read the following passage about electric vehicles (Evs) and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by electricity stored in batteries. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, EVs do not burn fossil fuels but instead rely on clean energy sources, making them more environmentally friendly. The future of electric vehicles is promising, as technological advancements and environmental concerns (18) __________. As governments worldwide implement stricter emissions regulations and offer incentives for EV adoption, manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development. (19) __________, resulting in longer ranges and faster charging times. For instance, new solid-state batteries have the potential to enhance energy density and safety, making EVs more practical for everyday use.

Additionally, the rise of autonomous driving technology is set to revolutionize the way we interact with vehicles. Many electric models are now equipped with advanced driver-assistance systems (20) __________. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology allows for seamless connectivity, enabling drivers to monitor their vehicle's performance and locate charging stations through mobile apps.

As charging infrastructure continues to expand, (21) __________, the convenience of owning an EV is increasing. This transition to electric vehicles not only promises a reduction in carbon emissions but also fosters a cleaner, healthier environment. Overall, (22) __________ and sustainable transportation.

Choose the best answer for question 22:

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

The word "indigenous" in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as Confucian values emphasizing respect for?

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

The word "reverence" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by:

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

The word "Their" in paragraph 4 refers to:

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

In which paragraph does the writer mention a present concession relationship?

Read the following passage about Vietnamese cultural identity and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Vietnamese cultural identity is a rich and intricate tapestry that reflects the nation’s long and storied history. Rooted in over a thousand years of civilization, Vietnam’s cultural identity is a fusion of indigenous traditions and external influences, shaped by its geographical location and historical interactions.

First and foremost, at the heart of Vietnamese culture is a deep reverence for family and community. Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders, filial piety, and social harmony have played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnamese society. These values are reflected in the close-knit family structures, hierarchical relationships, and communal rituals that are integral to daily life.

Secondly, Vietnamese cuisine is celebrated worldwide for its exquisite flavors and diversity. With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, fragrant herbs, and balanced flavors, Vietnamese food tells a story of the country’s agricultural heritage and regional variations. Iconic dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls have become global favorites, representing the culinary artistry deeply ingrained in Vietnamese culture. Also, Vietnam’s artistic expressions are equally captivating. Traditional art forms like water puppetry, silk painting, and folk music continue to thrive alongside contemporary artistic movements. Áo dài, a graceful traditional dress, exemplifies the fusion of elegance and modesty in Vietnamese fashion, symbolizing cultural pride and identity.

Today, in the face of modernization and globalization, Vietnamese cultural identity remains resilient. While adapting to the challenges of the 21st century, the Vietnamese people continue to honor their traditions, celebrate their unique cultural expressions, and pass on their heritage to future generations, ensuring that their cultural identity remains vibrant and enduring.

(Adapted from Saigoneer)

In which paragraph does the writer state that Vietnamese cultural identity is influenced by both internal and external factors?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

Green living practices are gaining popularity as people become more aware of environmental issues

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

The phrase "carbon footprint" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ____

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

The word "their" in paragraph 3 refers to ____

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a way to reduce waste?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

The word "mitigating" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV]

One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife.

Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change.

Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco-friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives.

(Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others)

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?