. Hàm số \(y= f(x)\) có đạo hàm trên \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWefv3ySLgznf % gDOjdaryqr1ngBPrginfgDObcv39gaiuqacqWFDeIucaGGCbWaaiWa % aeaacqGHsislcaaIYaGaai4oaiaaikdaaiaawUhacaGL9baaaaa!46E2! R\backslash \left\{ { - 2;2} \right\}\) , có bảng biến thiên như sau:
Gọi k, l lần lượt là số đường tiệm cận đứng và tiệm cận ngang của đồ thị hàm số \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9maalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadIhaaiaawIca % caGLPaaacqGHsislcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaigdacaaI4aaaaaaa!4014! y = \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\). Tính \(k + l\)
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Lời giải:
Báo saiVì phương trình \(f(x) = 2018\) có ba nghiệm phân biệt nên đồ thị hàm số \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9maalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadIhaaiaawIca % caGLPaaacqGHsislcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaigdacaaI4aaaaaaa!4014! y = \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\) có ba đường tiệm cận đứng.
Mặt khác, ta có :
\(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci % GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP % aeqaaOGaamyEaaaa!3F42! \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } y\)\(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeyypa0ZaaC % beaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWk % cqGHEisPaeqaaOWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOzamaabmaabaGaam % iEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabgkHiTiaaikdacaaIWaGaaGymaiaaiIda % aaaaaa!4766! = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\)\(= - \frac{1}{{2019}}\)
nên đường thẳng \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeyypa0Jaey % OeI0YaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaaGOmaiaaicdacaaIXaGaaGyoaaaa % aaa!3BA6! = - \frac{1}{{2019}}\) là đường tiệm cận ngang của đồ thị hàm số \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9maalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadIhaaiaawIca % caGLPaaacqGHsislcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaigdacaaI4aaaaaaa!4014! y = \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\)
Và \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci % GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHsislcqGHEisP % aeqaaOGaamyEaaaa!3F4D! \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } y\)\(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeyypa0ZaaC % beaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHsisl % cqGHEisPaeqaaOWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOzamaabmaabaGaam % iEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabgkHiTiaaikdacaaIWaGaaGymaiaaiIda % aaaaaa!4771! = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\)=0 nên đường thẳng y = 0 là đường tiệm cận ngang của đồ thị hàm số \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9maalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadIhaaiaawIca % caGLPaaacqGHsislcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaigdacaaI4aaaaaaa!4014! y = \frac{1}{{f\left( x \right) - 2018}}\)
Vậy \(k + l = 5\)
Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT QG môn Toán năm 2020
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