Hàm số \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9iGacYgacaGGVbGaai4zamaaBaaaleaacaWGHbaabeaakiaadIha % aaa!3CE1! y = {\log _a}x\) và \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyEaiabg2 % da9iGacYgacaGGVbGaai4zamaaBaaaleaacaWGIbaabeaakiaadIha % aaa!3CE2! y = {\log _b}x\) có đồ thị như hình vẽ bên:
Đường thẳng y = 3 cắt hai đồ thị tại các điểm có hoành độ \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEamaaBa % aaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWG4bWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqa % aaaa!3A77! {x_1},{x_2}\).
Biết rằng \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEamaaBa % aaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaikdacaWG4bWaaSbaaSqaaiaa % igdaaeqaaaaa!3B89! {x_2} = 2{x_1}\), giá trị của \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaaca % WGHbaabaGaamOyaaaaaaa!37D1! \frac{a}{b}\) bằng
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Lời giải:
Báo saiDựa vào đồ thị hàm số ta thấy \(x_1\) là nghiệm của phương trình hoành độ giao điểm \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaciiBaiaac+ % gacaGGNbWaaSbaaSqaaiaadkgaaeqaaOGaamiEamaaBaaaleaacaaI % Xaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaiodacqGHuhY2caWG4bWaaSbaaSqaaiaaig % daaeqaaOGaeyypa0JaamOyamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaaaaa!44B3! {\log _b}{x_1} = 3 \Leftrightarrow {x_1} = {b^3}\)
Và \(x_2\) là nghiệm của phương trình hoành độ giao điểm \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaciiBaiaac+ % gacaGGNbWaaSbaaSqaaiaadggaaeqaaOGaamiEamaaBaaaleaacaaI % Yaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaiodacqGHuhY2caWG4bWaaSbaaSqaaiaaik % daaeqaaOGaeyypa0JaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaaaaa!44B3! {\log _a}{x_2} = 3 \Leftrightarrow {x_2} = {a^3}\)
Theo đề bài ta có: \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEamaaBa % aaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaikdacaWG4bWaaSbaaSqaaiaa % igdaaeqaaOGaeyO0H4TaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaakiabg2 % da9iaaikdacaWGIbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIZaaaaOGaeyi1HS9aaSaa % aeaacaWGHbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIZaaaaaGcbaGaamOyamaaCaaale % qabaGaaG4maaaaaaGccqGH9aqpcaaIYaGaeyi1HS9aaSaaaeaacaWG % HbaabaGaamOyaaaacqGH9aqpdaGcbaqaaiaaikdaaSqaaiaaiodaaa % aaaa!521D! {x_2} = 2{x_1} \Rightarrow {a^3} = 2{b^3} \Leftrightarrow \frac{{{a^3}}}{{{b^3}}} = 2 \Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b} = \sqrt[3]{2}\)
Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT QG môn Toán năm 2020
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