Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 28 to 32.

Singapore was one of the five original member countries that (28) _____ ASEAN in 1967. (29) _________ its independence in 1965, Singapore has become one of the world’s most prosperous countries. Singapore is highly ranked for its economic competitiveness, and it was the world’s most (30) ________ country from 1997 to 1999 as ranked by the World Economic Forum.        

Singapore has (31)______ an impressive recovery after the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 . The government is currently restructuring the economy by promoting higher-value-added activities in line with a knowledge-based” economy, and by opening up protected sectors such as financial services to increase overall efficiency. Various bilateral free-trade agreements are also being negotiated to improve market access and (32) _______ foreign investment inflows

(28) ___________

Once ______ in large quantities, these products will be more affordably priced. 

Man’s first walk on the moon in 1969 made history. (underlined words OPPOSITE in meaning with)

Choose the word that has different primary stress: exceptions, uncertainty, identifier, disappointments.

The population of the world is growing very fast. In the last 40 years, it has doubled. By the year 2200, it will be about 10,000 million. Our cities will be much bigger. There will be more factories and more roads. We will need more water and more natural resources. Experts say that we will have serious problems in the future. They say that we must change the way we use energy and natural resources now.

Every day we throw away millions of tones of rubbish. Half of this is paper that we can use again. A typical family in Europe or America throws away more than l tone of rubbish each year, but we can recycle most of this. If we recycle things, we can save money, energy, and natural resources. Recycling the Sunday New York Times newspaper, for example, will save 75,000 trees every week.

A lot of rubbish we throw away is not biodegradable. Plastic, mental and chemicals will not disappear for hundreds of years. We also produce a lot of unnecessary things, such as packaging. All of this pollutes the air, the land 'and the water. Pollution will be a very big problem in the future. We must avoid using non-biodegradable material. We must also reduce the amount of unnecessary things that we produce and use. In shops, for example, we can say ‘No, thanks!’ to the packaging that comes with the things we buy.

Many natural resources are not renewable. Coal, gas, oil, metals and minerals, for example, will finish one day. Other resources take a long time to grow, such as trees, or they are not always available, such as water. We have to reduce the amount of resources and energy that we use. We also have to find alternative ways to make energy. We can use the sun, the wind, the sea and the heat of the Earth.

The certain consequence of a fast growing population is that……….

(30) ___________

Just like Mahatma Gandhi, who advocated non-violent methods of struggle, Picasso fought against fascism by peaceful means.

Which of the following is NOT true about recycling?

He did not do well at school and left with few _________ qualifications.

Emily didn’t receive a scholarship. Emily is a good student.

The number of wildlife habitat reserves have been established in order to save endangered species from extinction. (underlined part that needs correction)

How does the writer seem to feel about the future of banks?

As the two teams left the football ground, the 100,000 ___ gave them a standing ovation.

Just like Mahatma Gandhi, who advocated non-violent methods of struggle, Picasso fought against fascism by peaceful means. (underlined words CLOSET in meaning with)

At the meeting, Ms. Volatile always manages to put her foot in her mouth. (underlined words CLOSET in meaning with)

It turned out that we _______ rushed  to the airport as the plane was delayed by several hours.

Most doctors agree that it is not good for patients to lay in bed without exercising.

A (n) _____child means a child who behaves badly and saddens his parents.

The fire must have been started on purpose; otherwise, it couldn’t have caused so much damage.

George took _______ of the fine weather to feed his baby tiger in the garden.

The word ‘this’ in the passage refers to ……….