Read the passage and then fill in the gaps.
Internet services themselves are, generally speaking, easy (27)_____ and use; however, you will find yourself isolated on the Internet if you are not familiar with English. This means that knowledge or lack of knowledge of English is one of the most severe factors that prevent people (28)_____ using the Internet. Learning to use a new Internet service may take a few hours, a few days, or even weeks, but it takes years to learn a (29)_____ so that you can use it in a fluent and self-confident manner. Of course, when you know some English, you can learn more just by using it on the Internet. The advent of online universities has now made it possible for more people to learn English, people (30)_____ may live in countries where access to standard education facilities is limited. While it may have been impossible for these people to learn English in the past, the Internet has opened up new career (31)_____. These people are now able to learn English, and they can use their English skills to get better-paying jobs at home, or they can use them to find jobs overseas. In any event, the Internet has played a (32) __________ role in allowing English to spread across the world, and the number of people learning it is likely to increase in the future.

27._________

Complete the passage with the words provided:
If you can roll a ball, you can play bowls. Everyone can play: young and old, men and women, the fit and the not so fit. It is the (1)_______ outdoor game that really is a sport for all. What other sports can grandparents play on equal terms with their grandchildren? What other game is so simple that you could take up it today and be (2)_______ in the national championship tomorrow? Simple? Perhaps that is not the (3)_______ word. There are bowls players in their thousands (4)_______ will tell you that, although bowls is a game that anyone can (5)_______ in five minutes, it takes a lifetime to (6)_______ it. They are the people who have developed a passionate interest in the game. (7)_______ for outsiders, bowls is another word, and a strange and puzzling one. They see a bowl game in action and wonder what is going on. What the players are trying to do is easy to explain. Their (8)_______ is to roll their bowls, called wood, as near as possible to the little white ball, called the jack. If one of your bowls finishes nearer to the jack than your opponent's, you score one point and he or she scores (9)_______ If you have the two nearest, you score two, and so on. The skill involved in rolling a bowl that weighs around 2 kilos across about 40 meters so that it stops only a very short (10)_______ from the target is just as impressive as the skills required in other sports.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This (1)______many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risks (2) ______accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to change their habits and leave their cars at home. One possible (3)______is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (4)______ the laws. In addition, drives could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (5) ______as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card (6) ______to windscreen of the car. Another ways of (7) ______with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the center. Drivers and passengers then use a special bus service for the (8) ______stage of their journey. Of course, the most important (9) ______is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares 10) _______at an acceptable level.

Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D:

"MANY KINDS OF MICROBES
There are thousands of different kinds of microbes. Microbes called (1) _______ are the smallest living things. Bacteria live almost everywhere: on land, in water, and even (2) _______ you.
Some microscopic life forms are like plants. Tiny diatoms are microbes that live in lakes and the ocean. Diatoms soak up (3) _______ and use its energy to make food, just like plants.
Some microscopic life forms are more (4) _______ animals. Protozoa such as the amoeba and paramecium are animal-like microorganisms. An amoeba can move (5) _______ changing the shape of its body. It sticks out a pseudo pod, or false foot. A paramecium is (6) _______ with tiny hairs. It waves its hairs rapidly to swim.
Viruses are (7) _______ kind of microbe. Viruses sometimes act like living things and other times act like nonliving things. Viruses sometimes live in the cells of plants and animals. (8) _______ a cell, a virus reproduces like a living thing. The virus uses the cell to make many copies of itself. Viruses are (9) _______ small to see with an ordinary microscope. You need a powerful electron microscope to see a virus. Outside of a plant or animal cell, a (10) _______ is like a nonliving thing."

2. Bacteria live almost everywhere: on land, in water, and even (2) _______ you.

Find mistakes among A B C D and correct

The intent of the Historical Society is to restore old buildings and the increase of interest in the history of the area.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
All relationships go through difficult times. In the past, when married couples had problems they usually didn’t (1)_____.  They had to either (2)______ with each other or continue to live together in an unhappy relationship. Getting divorced wasn’t an option for most people due to economic and social reasons. Some people believe that this wasn’t  such  a  bad  thing.  They  say  that  relationships  require  hard  work  and  (3)__________“If a relationship is going to last a lifetime, you have to keep working at it,” says Doreen, who is celebrating her fiftieth wedding anniversary this year. “It isn’t all roses and romance. (4)__________perfect all of  the  time. These days young people give  up  when  there’s  the (5)_____argument.” Experts agree that communication is key. The most important thing is to (6) ______ talking. How many  times have you heard yourself say to (7)_____“If only you’d listen!” or “ I wish you (8) _____do that!” The truth is, the (9)_______couples talk, the better their relationship (10) ____be

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

After working hard for hours, the farmers sat down and ___________ a short rest.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Feminism,  collective  term  for  systems  of  belief  and  theories  that  pay special (1)_____to women’s rights and women’s position in culture and society. The term tends to be used for the women’s rights movement, which began in the late 18th century and continues to campaign for complete political, social,  and economic equality between  women and men. This article (2) ____ specifically with the development of the ideas behind that movement and their (3)_____ and impact. Feminists are united by the idea that women’s position in society is unequal to (4)_____ of men, and that society is structured in such a way as to benefit men to the political, social, economic (5)______ of  women. However,  feminists  have  used  different  theories  to  explain  these (6)_____ and have advocated different ways of redressing inequalities, and there are marked geographic and historical variations in the nature of feminism. Historically, feminist thought and activity can be divided into two waves. The first wave, which began in about 1800 and (7) ____until the 1930s, was largely concerned with gaining equal rights between women and men. The second wave, which began in the late 1960s, has continued to fight for (8)________but  has  also  developed a (9) _________  of  theories  and  approaches  that  stress the difference between women and men and that draw attention to the (10)_______ needs of women

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Revising for exams is not as easy as it looks. You will need to work out which routine suits you best, and then stick to it. Some people like studying at night when it’s quiet, whereas others find the early morning is a good time to get things done. You might enjoy ___ (1) ____ to music while you revise, but this can be ___ (2) ___. Can you really concentrate ___ (3) ____ two things at once? So think ___ (4) ____ you turn your radio on. Your ___ (5) ____ is also important while you are revising. This may be a more than usually ___ (6) ____ period of your life, when you should take extra care to eat properly. No missed meals, or junk food, or ___ (7) ____ cups of coffee! Get plenty of exercise as well. If you have got fed up with ___ (8) ____ you’re doing, or find it hard to concentrate, go for a walk to clear your head. ___ (9) ____ exercise will help to keep your body fit and your brain working ___ (10) ____. Finally, you also need to take time off. Go out occasionally, see your friends, make time to relax. Then you will return to your studies fresh and full of enthusiasm.

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

"If you are unable to work or maintain a full-time job that allows you to pay rent or a mortgage, ___________ (1) housing assistance through the US Department of Urban Housing (HUD). This government-run agency can help you with home buying assistance such as locating suitable housing and securing financing. Make ___________ (2) your new domicile is handicapped-friendly with an FHA 203k loan. Add wheelchair ramps, make counter adjustments and add safety bars ___________ (3) your home with government support. Remember, suitable, safe and clean housing is your right. HUD offers information on specific laws such as the Fair Housing Act and disability rights to guide you during your house hunt.

Whether you or a loved one is physically ___________ (4) mentally challenged, a strong support system to assist you with everyday tasks can alleviate the stress and burden of disability. You can seek assistance in a variety of ways, from your neighbors' help to government-funded programs, to bring you closer to living an independent, productive life. Before you commit to any program, perform due diligence to ensure it is legitimate -- most help for ___________ (5) disabled comes from nonprofit organizations, so be wary of a company that demands cash up front."

3. Add wheelchair ramps, make counter adjustments and add safety bars ___________ (3) your home with government support.

FInd mistakes among A B C D and correct

A City University Professor reported that he discovers a vaccine which has been 80 % effective in reducing the instances of tooth decay among small children.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Reference books are not designed to be read from the first page to the last but rather to be consulted to answer the questions and provide both general and specific pieces of information. One of the most (1) _________ used reference books is a dictionary, which provides information about words. It lists meanings spelling, (2) _________ how a word is pronounced, gives (3) _________ of how it is used, may reveal its origins and also lists synonyms and (4) _________To help you find the words faster, there are guide words at the top of each page showing the first and last worlds on that page-and of course it (5) _________to know the alphabet! There may be numerous special sections at the back with (6) _________ about famous people and places, lists of dates and scientific names, etc. There is usually a section at the front (7) _________ how to use the dictionary, which includes the special abbreviations or signs. An atlas is also a reference book and (8) _________ charts, tables and geographical facts, as well as maps. Political maps locate countries and cities, physical maps show the formation of the land with its mountains and valleys, and economic maps show industries and agriculture. To find a specific place, you need to look in the (9) _________ at the back of the atlas and the exact position on the map. There are numerous map (10) _________ that you need to know in order to be able to read a map almost like a special language and these are explained at the front of the atlas

Complete the passage with the words provided:
All relationships go through difficult times. In the past, when married couples had problems they usually didn’t (1)_____.  They had to either (2)______ with each other or continue to live together in an unhappy relationship. Getting divorced wasn’t an option for most people due to economic and social reasons. Some people believe that this wasn’t  such  a  bad  thing.  They  say  that  relationships  require  hard  work  and  (3)__________“If a relationship is going to last a lifetime, you have to keep working at it,” says Doreen, who is celebrating her fiftieth wedding anniversary this year. “It isn’t all roses and romance. (4)__________perfect all of  the  time. These days young people give  up  when  there’s  the (5)_____argument.” Experts agree that communication is key. The most important thing is to (6) ______ talking. How many  times have you heard yourself say to (7)_____“If only you’d listen!” or “ I wish you (8) _____do that!” The truth is, the (9)_______couples talk, the better their relationship (10) ____be.

Read the passage and then answer the questions that follow.
My village was never a big village, nor was it particularly successful or well-known. It was a place where simple people worked on their land, tending citrus groves and running poultry farms. The most exotic plantation grew avocados, and a palm tree nursery was something of an attraction.
The village was established by a group of Greek immigrants in 1937 in what was then known as British-controlled Palestine. When we first moved here, one could still hear some Greek in the street, the local store sold original Greek delicacies and from time to time we were invited to sit on a neighbor’s porch and share some ouzo at the end of a working day.
In the last few years, my village has changed dramatically. Very few people work in agriculture now; they can no longer support their families growing oranges and chickens. As a result, they must find their income outside the village and rent out their land or sell their little family farms altogether. Some of the land is still used for agriculture, but no longer for family farms. Now it is the agriculture of luxuries.

What can best describe the change of the village recently?

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below.

"The British spend their free time in different ways. People generally use it to relax. But many people also take part (1) _____________ voluntary work, especially for charities. 

People spend a lot of their free time in the home, where (2) _______ popular leisure activity is watching television, the average viewing time being 25 hours a week. People often (3)______ programs on video so that they can watch later.

Reading is also a favourite way of spending leisure time. The British ________ (4) a lot of time reading newspapers and magazines.

In the summer gardening is popular. And in winter it is often replaced by “Do-it-yourself”, (5) ________people spend their time improving or repairing their homes. Many people have pets to look after: taking the dog for a daily walk is a regular routine."

5. And in winter it is often replaced by “Do-it-yourself”, (5) ________people spend their time improving or repairing their homes. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions: 

The price of holidays can fluctuate a great deal throughout the year, so you can save a lot if you are flexible with your travel dates and avoid peak holiday times. It can be also cheaper if you book well in advance. Before your departure, make sure you get as much information about your destination as you can. Find out if you require any special visas or permits to travel there. Think about spending money as well. Will you be able to access your own money easily enough or will you need to take cash with you? Think about eating larger lunches and smaller evening meals to help your money go further, as lunch is generally cheaper. Make sure that you keep sufficient identification with you at all times. It may also help to email a copy of your passport details to yourself, in case it is lost or stolen. Label your suitcases clearly so that they can be easily identified as yours. It can be useful to store a copy of your itinerary in a prominent place in your suitcase so that the airline will know where to find you if your luggage gets lost. Be sure to pack any medication or other essential items in your hand luggage. If your flight is delayed, or your luggage is lost, these can be difficult to obtain in an airport or foreign country.

Which one of these is NOT advisable according to the passage?

Although management principles have been implemented since ancient times, most management scholars trace the beginning of modern management thought back to the early 1900s, beginning with the pioneering work of Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) Taylor was the first person to study work scientifically. He is most famous for introducing techniques of time and motion study, differential piece rate systems, and for systemtically specializing the work of operating employees and managers. Along with other pioneers such as Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, Taylor set the stage, labeling his philosophy and methods “scientific management”. At that time, his philosophy, which was concerned with productivity, but which was often misinterpreted as promoting worker interests at the expense of management, was in marked contrast to the prevailing industrial norms of worker exploitation.
The time and motion study concepts were popularized by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. The Gilbreths had 12 children. By analyzing his children’s dishwashing and bed making chores, this pioneer efficiency expert, Frank Gilbreth, hit on principles whereby workers could eliminate waste motion. He was memorialized by two of his children in their 1949 book called “Cheaper by the Dozen”.
The Gilbreth methods included using stop watches to time worker movements and special tools (cameras and special clocks) to monitor and study worker performance, and also involved identification of “therbligs” (Gilbreth spelled backwards) - basic motions used in production jobs. Many of these motions and accompanying times have been used to determine how long it should take a skilled worker to perform a given job. In this way an industrial engineer can get a handle on the approximate time it should take to produce a product or provide a service. However, use of work analysis in this way is unlikely to lead to useful results unless all five work dimensions are considered, physical, psychological, social, cultural, and power.

According to the passage, the time it takes a skilled worker to perform the motion of a given job can be measured by using ________.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions: 

Earth, our beautiful home planet, is the only astronomical object to accommodate life as we know it. Scientists believe Earth was formed approximately 4.5 billion years ago. It is the fifth-largest planet in our solar system. Its equatorial diameter is about 12,074 kilometers. Earth is the third-closest planet to the sun. The distance from Earth to the sun is roughly 149,600,000 kilometers. It takes 365.3 days for Earth to orbit the sun, and 24 hours to rotate on its axis. The surface temperature ranges from -88 to 58°C. Nearly 70 percent of Earth’s surface is covered by ocean, which has an average depth of about 4 kilometers. In 2015 it was estimated that 7.3 billion humans are living on Earth.

The hottest place on Earth may have a temperature of ……………..

Read the passage and then fill in the gaps.
Internet services themselves are, generally speaking, easy (27)_____ and use; however, you will find yourself isolated on the Internet if you are not familiar with English. This means that knowledge or lack of knowledge of English is one of the most severe factors that prevent people (28)_____ using the Internet. Learning to use a new Internet service may take a few hours, a few days, or even weeks, but it takes years to learn a (29)_____ so that you can use it in a fluent and self-confident manner. Of course, when you know some English, you can learn more just by using it on the Internet. The advent of online universities has now made it possible for more people to learn English, people (30)_____ may live in countries where access to standard education facilities is limited. While it may have been impossible for these people to learn English in the past, the Internet has opened up new career (31)_____. These people are now able to learn English, and they can use their English skills to get better-paying jobs at home, or they can use them to find jobs overseas. In any event, the Internet has played a (32) __________ role in allowing English to spread across the world, and the number of people learning it is likely to increase in the future.

28._________

Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions:
Twenty years ago people realized that computers were about to become part of our daily lives. This short period of time has seen enormous changes in business, education, and public administration. Jobs that took weeks to complete in the past are now carried out in minutes. Clerks who spent all day copying and checking calculations are now freed from these tedious tasks. In offices, the soft hum and clicking of word processors have replaced the clatters of typewriters. Schoolchildren have become as familiar with hardware and software as their parents used to be with pencils and exercise books. The computerization of public records has enabled government departments to analyze the need of citizens in detail. Some of us may wonder, However, whether life has really improved as a result of these changes. Many jobs disappeared, for example, When intelligent machines took over the work. Employers complain that clerical staff has become dependant on calculators and can not do simple arithmetic. There are fears that governments haven’t done enough to ensure that personal information held on computers is really kept secret. Certainly, many people may not be wondering whether the spread of computers has brought us as many problems as it has solved.

What are schoolchildren familiar with much more than pencils and exercise books?

Complete the passage with the words provided:
The role of translation enabling literature to pass beyond its natural frontiers is receiving growing recognition. In view of the general increase in this (1)_____, it is not surprising that many   people with literary interests and a knowledge of languages should think of adopting translating as a full-or part-time (2)_____. Some advice may usefully be given to such would-be translators. The first difficulty the beginner will (3)_____is the unwillingness of publishers to entrust a translator to anyone who has not already (4)____a reputation for sound work. The least publishers  will (5)____ before commissioning a translator is a fairly lengthy specimen of the applicant’s work, even if unpublished. Perhaps the best way the would-be translator can begin is to select some books of the type (6)_____ he or she feels competent and eager to translate, translate a (7)_____section of   the book and then submit the book and the translation to a suitable publisher. If he or she is extremely lucky, this may result in a commission to translate the book. More probably, however, publishers   will (8)____the book as such but if they are favorably (9)__________    by the translation, they may very possibly commission some other books of a (10)______ nature which they already have in mind.