Choose a, b, c or d that best completes each unfinished sentence:

My friends and I meet for lunch once ____ a while.

In Britain, greetings cards are sold in chain stores and supermarkets, in newsagents’ shops, comer shops and, increasingly, in shops that specialize in the sale of cards and paper for wrapping presents in. The (i)  _______ cards are birthday and Christmas cards. Many Christmas cards are sold in aid of charity and special ‘charily card shops’ are often set up in temporary premises in the weeks before Christmas. A wide (ii) _______ of birthday cards is available to cater for different ages and tastes. Some, especially ones for young children or for people (iii) _________ a particular birthday, have the person’s age on the front. Many have comic, often risque, messages printed on them, and cartoon-style illustrations. Others are more sober, with reproductions of famous paintings or attractive original designs. The usual greeting on a birthday card is ‘Happy Birthday’, ‘Many Happy Returns’ or ‘Best Wishes for a Happy Birthday’. Some people also send special cards for Easter and New Year, Easter cards (iv) _______ portray images of spring, such as chicks, eggs, lambs, spring flowers, etc., or have a religious theme. Cards are produced for every ‘milestone’ in a person’s life. There are special cards for (v) _______ engagement, a marriage, a new home, a birth, success in an examination, retirement, a death in the family, etC. Some are ‘good luck’ or ‘congratulations’ cards. Others, for example ‘get weir cards for people who are ill, express sympathy.

(ii)_____-

The weather across much of the British Isles remained settled last week with a good deal of sunshine. On Saturday, the lunchtime temperature at Bridlington on the north-cast (i) _______  of England was 28.2 c, which compared favorably with Alicante in southern Spain at 229 C. the rest of the world, however, was coping with some (ii) _______ conditions. A tropical storm, given the name Helen, hit Hong Kong on Saturday morning, though her presence had been felt in advance. From noon on Friday, the showers and (iii)  _______ of rain became more and more frequent so that by midnight on Sunday, thirty – six hours later, there had been 333 mm of rainfall, not far off the average for the month of August, at 367 mm. Even on Sunday there was a sting in Helen’s tail. The town centre of Shanwci, near Hong Kong, was (iv) _______ when 468 mm of rain fell in the sixty hours leading up to midday on Sunday, nearly twice the normal August rainfall. On the other side of the globe, tropical storm Gabrielle moved across the Gulf of Mexico and overnight rain exceeded the usual rainfall for the whole month. Although most of Europe enjoyed sun, the high temperatures were sufficient to set off some (v) __showers. On Tuesday morning, a thunderstorm at Lyons in eastern France deposited 99 mm of rain in just six hours.

(iv)_______

 I used to be a member of the tennis club but I never found the time to play so I….. out after a while 

Long ago, Chinese people didn’t say “How are you” when they met each other or saw their friends. They said, “(i) _____ you eaten your rice today?”. Eating rice (ii) _____ such an important part of daily life in China! Rice is still one of the (iii) _____ important kinds of food in the modem world. Nearly half the people that live on our planet eat it every day and in some countries, an adult eats more than 100 kilos of rice each year. We think that people first (iv) rice in India. In China, people began eating rice about 5,000 years ago. Rice wasn’t eaten in North America until 17th century, but many Americans prefer to cat pasta these days (v) _____ only cat about 2 kilos of rice per year.

(iv)___

The mud adhered………my shoes 

The UK Government ensures that all schools in the UK meet certain standards, and this includes independent schools as well as those that are (i) _______ by the Government. All qualifications are awarded by national agencies accredited by the Qualification and Curriculum Authority (ỌCA), so the quality of the qualifications you will gain is guaranteed. Al many independent schools in England, you will be encouraged to take part (ii) _______ extracurricular activities to develop your hobbies and learn new skills, and you may be encouraged to lake graded music exams (iii) _______ by the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of MusiC. The exam grades gained from these are widely accepted toward university entry requirements. Independent schools do not usually offer vocationally focused qualifications but if you are (iv) _______ in these qualifications, you can find out more in the ‘career­ based and pre-university qualifications’ section. The fees you pay to attend independent school, include your course fees, accommodation and may include some or all extracurricular activities. Fees (v) _______  from school to school and are at the discretion of the institution; there are no national standards. You should expect to pay a minimum of £8,000 per year and fees can be as high as £25,000.

(ii)_______

Today the police are able to make use of all kinds of scientific and technological achievements in their fight against crime. This was not always the (i) _______ , however. In the early days of the British police force, during the nineteenth century, the police office’s whistle was his main way of calling for help if he got into (ii) _______ . Gradually, in the twentieth century, things (iii) _______ _ to improve.

Those police officers who were lucky enough to be given a patrol car rather than a bicycle could also took (iv) _______ of radio communications. In 1903, a new system for identifying people by their fingerprints was discovered. (v) _______ it soon proved to be one of the most significant developments in crime investigation, a seareh of the national fingerprint collection could take days, if not weeks, until computers were introduced in the 1970s.

(v)_________

When Bill was sick, Ann tried to cheer him ………….. by reading to him 

What does an elephant eat on typical day? Layang – Layang, an elephant at London Zoo, has a good appetite. Her keeper describes what she ate yesterday. “Breakfast (i) _____ of a kilo of dog biscuits mixed with 750g of dried horse food with extra vitamins, hay, bread, bananas apples, oranges, potatoes, carrots and cabbage. Zoo food is always of a (ii) _____standard! “During the morning, the daily supply of branches is delivered. Layang -Layang is particularly fond of cherry and apple, so she was given four big (iii) _____. She chewed the twiggy bits and used the rest as toys. Lunch was another kilo of dog biscuits, more bread, vegetables and fruit. Most of this comes from local supermarkets who give us stock that otherwise they would (iv) _____. After lunch she ate more branches. We have to make sure she doesn’t run out of these. Some visitors to the zoo aren’t very sensible and feed laying- Layang unsuitable things. If she swallows paper and plastic, her stomach hurts. “Supper was another kilo of dog biscuits, 750g of dried horse food, 350g of linseed oil to (v) _____ healthy skin and hair and 500g of vitamin E. Layang-Layang cats a lot but she never puts onweight. “If she feels like a snack during the night, Layang-Layang has some hay and more branches.”

(iv)______

Many of the things we do depend on receiving information from other people. Catching a train, making a phone call and going to the cinema all involve information that is stored, processed and communicated. In the past, this information had to be kept on paper (i) _______  , for example, books, newspapers and timetables. Now, more and more information is put on computers. Computers play a role in our everyday lives, sometimes without US even realizing it. (ii) _______  the use of computers in both shops and offices. Big shops have to deal with very large amount of information. They have to make sure that there are enough goods on the shelves for customers to buy, they need to be ablcto reorder before (iii) _______ run out. A lot of office work in the past involved information on paper. Once it had been dealt with by people, the paper was (iv) _______ for future reference. This way of working was never particularly easy or fast. A computer system is much more (v) _______ .

(iv)_______

One of the students said, “_________ professor is late today” 

Child workers, some as young as 10, have been found working in a textile factory in conditions described as close to slavery to produce clothes that appear destined for one of the major high street retailers. Speaking to a British newspaper, the children described long hours of (i) _______ work and threats and beatings. The company said it was unaware that clothing intended for its stores had been improperly (ii) _______  to a sweatshop that used child labour. It further announced the alleged breaches of the ethical code it imposed on manufacturers three years ago. The discovery of these children working in appalling conditions in the Shahpur Jat area of Delhi has renewed concerns about the (iii) _______ by some large retail chains of their garment production to India, recognized by the United Nations as one of the world’s hotspots for child labour. According to one estimate, over 20 per cent of India’s economy is (iv) _______ on children, which comes to a total of 50 million youngster under 14 working. Consumers in the West should not only be demanding answers from retailers about how theứ (v) _______ are produced but also be looking into their consciences at how they spend their money and whether cheap prices in the west are worth the suffering caused to so many children.

(iii)_____

The Thames Barrier is a major part of the flood defence scheme for protecting London (i) _______ rising water levels. The defenses also include raised river embankments and additional flood gates at strategic points, including the Barking Barrier. The unique structure that is the Barrier spans the 520- melre wide Woolwich reach and consists of 10 separate movable gates, each pivoting and supporting between concrete structures which house the operating machinery. When raising, the four main gates (ii) _______stand as high as a five-storey building and as wide as the opening of Tower Bridge. Each weighs 3700 tones. During the first twelve years of (iii) _______, the Barrier has been closed twenty nine times to protect London. You can (iv) _______ the Barrier from the comfortable Cafeteria, picnic on the riverside embankment. Enjoy beautiful views from the riverside walk. Visit the shop which stocks a large selection of souvenirs, books and Barrier information. There is a children’s play area suitable for 4- to 12- year olds, located adjacent to the riverside walk. A visit to the spectacular Thames Barrier is a (v) _______experience

(v)______

We are using up the world’s petroleum. We use it in our cars and to heat our building in winter. Farmers use petrochemicals to make the soil rich. They use them to kill insects (i) _______ eat plants. These chemicals go into rivers and lakes and kill the fish there. Thousands of pollutants also go into the air and pollute it. Winds carry this (ii) _______ air to other countries and other continents. Poor farmers use the same land over and over. The land needs a rest so it will be better next year. However, the farmers must have food this year. Poor people cut down forests (iii) _______ firewood. In some areas when the trees are gone, the land becomes desert. Poor people can’t save the environment for the (iv) _______ . This is not a problem for one country or one area of the world. It is a problem for all- humans. The people and the nations of the world must work together to (v) _______  the world’s resources.

(i)_____-

Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence. "Hardly had she begun to speak _____ people started interrupting."

Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions. "Her friend suggested ____ on a yoga course to lose weight."

Choose A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions: 

It was urgent that he called her immediately.

Carefully conducted studies that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to shown any long-term problems, compared with children of working mothers stayed at home. My personal (i) _______  is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not, there a number of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot expect to see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic necessity. Many mothers are not (ii) _______ out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant, they feel trapped and isolated. There are a number of options when it refers to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady (iii) _______ the street. In reality, however, many parents don’t have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No matter how good the childcare may be, some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a (iv) _______ normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months, but soon after that, they start to get a crush on Mum and close family members. Make sure that in first week, you allow plenty of time to help your child settle in. All children are different. Some are independent, while others are more attached to their mothers. Remember that if you want to do the best for your children, it’s not the quantity of time you spend with them, it’s the (v) _______ that matters.

(ii)_____-

To many people, smoking is not just a pleasure, it is an (i) _______ . They need it, depend on it and can’t stop it. If they haven’t smoked for some hours, they feel a (ii) _______ cigarette. They often (iii) _______  which means they light another cigarette immediately after they have put out the one before. Smoking is often considered antisocial, since many people don’t like the odour of cigarettes or the sight of the smoker’s (iv) _______ fingers or ashtray full of cigarette – ends. Above all, smoking is harmful to health and in many countries a warning is printed on every (v) _______ of cigarettes. Scientists have proved that there is a link between smoking and a disease which can be fatal, cancer.

(iv)_______

Years ago there were many social rules and etiquette procedures involving introductions. Some formal introductions between two people were (i) _______ by letter by third party. A person had to be very careful to weigh the importance of social class or status, age, and gender when deciding (ii) _______  person should be presented or introduced to the other person first. However, times have changed, and most of the social rules about introducing older people to younger ones, women to men, and those in higher positions to those in lower positions have changed, too. Many people now feel much more (iii) _______ about making introductions. In most situations, handshaking is (iv) _______ , but these days it is more often done than not-especially in formal social or business settings. It’s very common for one person (or both) to extend a hand when meeting someone. If you are in this situation, and you are offered a hand to shake, you should grasp it firmly and shake it briefly. People often tend to make some (v) _______ about someone according to their handshakes, so make sure yours is not too weak or limp, not too hard, and not too long-lasting. It should be firm and brief.

(iv)_______