10 Đề thi kiểm tra giữa HK1 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 10 - Global Success - Đề 4

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 1:

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 2:

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 3:

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 4:

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 5:

Read the following advertisement and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

❤ Keep Your Family Happy!

Learn How to Solve Conflicts Calmly and Fairly

Family life is full of love, but disagreements can happen. The good news? You can turn conflicts into understanding and stronger bonds!

Key Tips for Healthy Family Communication

✔ Stay Calm: (1) _______ a moment to relax before speaking.

✔ Listen Carefully: Let everyone talk without (2) _______.

✔ Understand Each Other: Ask questions to know how others feel.

✔ Speak Honestly: Share your thoughts clearly and politely.

✔ Show Empathy: Try to feel what (3) _______ feel and care for them.

Easy Steps to Solve Conflicts Together

✔ Set Communication Rules: Agree (4) _______ respectful ways to talk.

✔ Find the Real Problem: (5) _______ what causes the disagreement.

✔ Brainstorm Solutions: Everyone shares ideas.

✔ Work as a Team: Choose solutions (6) _______ help all family members.

✔ Focus on Your Goal: Keep a happy and loving family as the main aim.

Start building harmony today!

A calm conversation can make your home full of understanding, respect, and love.

Your Family, Your Strength!

Choose the best answer for question 6:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 7:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 8:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 9:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 10:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 11:

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

▲ Save Our Precious Oceans: Stop Oil Spills!

What is an oil spill?

Oil is a valuable fossil fuel used to heat homes, make electricity, and power industries. But when oil spills into the ocean, it causes serious problems. Oil spills (7) _______ sea creatures, pollute beaches, and make seafood unsafe to eat.

How do oil spills happen?

Small spills occur often, such as when ships refuel. Large spills, which (8) _______ by tanker accidents, broken pipelines, or drilling mistakes, are rare but disastrous. (9) _______ minor spills can harm sensitive areas like mangroves, wetlands, and coral reefs.

How does oil harm marine life?

✔ Oiling: Oil coats animals or plants, leaving birds unable (10) _______ or sea otters without warm fur.

✔ Toxicity: Oil contains dangerous chemicals that damage hearts, stunt growth, and (11) _______ immune systems.

Can wildlife recover?

Cleaning and helping wildlife is important (12) _______ challenging. Some animals are hard to locate, and very large species, like whales, cannot always be rescued.

Protect our oceans!

Support ocean conservation, reduce oil use, and prevent spills. Every action helps protect our fragile, beautiful ecosystems!

Choose the best answer for question 12:

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. One cause is that fishing companies use very large nets, which take many fish at once.

b. If overfishing continues, it can make fish populations smaller and harm the environment.

c. Another cause is the high demand for fish in restaurants and supermarkets, so fishermen catch more than the sea can provide.

d. Overfishing also happens because some countries do not have strict rules for fishing, so people can take fish freely.

e. Overfishing happens when people catch too many fish from the sea

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Liam: It's a system to collect rainwater from our roof.

b. Liam: Yes, and we can use it to water all of our flowers.

c. Sophie: That's a great idea! You can save water.

d. Liam: My dad and I are building something new for our garden.

e. Sophie: Oh, that's cool! What are you building?

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Family gatherings are really important for many reasons.

b. These moments are key to keeping our family bonds strong and staying connected to each other.

c. During these special times, we can talk, share stories, and eat a meal together.

d. It helps us feel closer to the people we love and creates wonderful memories.

e. They give us a chance to spend time with our parents, siblings, grandparents, and cousins

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Dear colleagues,

I am writing to invite you to join us for the upcoming Earth Hour event.

a. We are asking everyone to turn off all non-essential lights and electrical devices at home for one hour, from 8:30 PM to 9:30 PM.

b. The main goal of this action is to raise awareness about the serious problem of climate change and to encourage more sustainable habits.

c. This year, the event will take place on Saturday, March 29th.

d. It is a global movement that brings people together to show their support for our planet.

e. Your participation is a powerful way to show that we all care about the environment.

Please join us in this important effort and help make a positive impact.

Sincerely,

Kathy Swift

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Chloe: Yes! We have to go. Do you want to try and buy tickets now?

b. Sam: Sure. Let's look at the prices together.

c. Sam: Did you see the new Ed Sheeran concert dates?

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In today’s world, creative thinking is more important than ever. Many companies want people who can think creatively, and (18) _______. Creativity helps us find new ideas and solve challenges in different areas of life.

(19) _______. Research shows that everyone has the capacity for creative thinking. Scientists describe two key types of thinking: divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple ideas, and convergent thinking, which focuses on selecting the most appropriate solution. (20) _______.

A recent study looked at how music can help creativity. Participants did exercises to measure divergent and convergent thinking while listening to silence or classical music that made them feel happy, calm, sad, or anxious. (21) _______. They created more ideas and more original solutions. Other types of music did not have the same effect. Music did not change convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the one correct answer.

The researchers suggest happy music may improve creativity (22) _______, helping them see problems in new ways. The study also showed that people do not need to like music to benefit from it. So, if you want new ideas or solutions, listening to happy music while working can be an easy and effective way to boost your creativity.

Choose the best answer for question 18:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In today’s world, creative thinking is more important than ever. Many companies want people who can think creatively, and (18) _______. Creativity helps us find new ideas and solve challenges in different areas of life.

(19) _______. Research shows that everyone has the capacity for creative thinking. Scientists describe two key types of thinking: divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple ideas, and convergent thinking, which focuses on selecting the most appropriate solution. (20) _______.

A recent study looked at how music can help creativity. Participants did exercises to measure divergent and convergent thinking while listening to silence or classical music that made them feel happy, calm, sad, or anxious. (21) _______. They created more ideas and more original solutions. Other types of music did not have the same effect. Music did not change convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the one correct answer.

The researchers suggest happy music may improve creativity (22) _______, helping them see problems in new ways. The study also showed that people do not need to like music to benefit from it. So, if you want new ideas or solutions, listening to happy music while working can be an easy and effective way to boost your creativity.

Choose the best answer for question 19:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In today’s world, creative thinking is more important than ever. Many companies want people who can think creatively, and (18) _______. Creativity helps us find new ideas and solve challenges in different areas of life.

(19) _______. Research shows that everyone has the capacity for creative thinking. Scientists describe two key types of thinking: divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple ideas, and convergent thinking, which focuses on selecting the most appropriate solution. (20) _______.

A recent study looked at how music can help creativity. Participants did exercises to measure divergent and convergent thinking while listening to silence or classical music that made them feel happy, calm, sad, or anxious. (21) _______. They created more ideas and more original solutions. Other types of music did not have the same effect. Music did not change convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the one correct answer.

The researchers suggest happy music may improve creativity (22) _______, helping them see problems in new ways. The study also showed that people do not need to like music to benefit from it. So, if you want new ideas or solutions, listening to happy music while working can be an easy and effective way to boost your creativity.

Choose the best answer for question 20:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In today’s world, creative thinking is more important than ever. Many companies want people who can think creatively, and (18) _______. Creativity helps us find new ideas and solve challenges in different areas of life.

(19) _______. Research shows that everyone has the capacity for creative thinking. Scientists describe two key types of thinking: divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple ideas, and convergent thinking, which focuses on selecting the most appropriate solution. (20) _______.

A recent study looked at how music can help creativity. Participants did exercises to measure divergent and convergent thinking while listening to silence or classical music that made them feel happy, calm, sad, or anxious. (21) _______. They created more ideas and more original solutions. Other types of music did not have the same effect. Music did not change convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the one correct answer.

The researchers suggest happy music may improve creativity (22) _______, helping them see problems in new ways. The study also showed that people do not need to like music to benefit from it. So, if you want new ideas or solutions, listening to happy music while working can be an easy and effective way to boost your creativity.

Choose the best answer for question 21:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

In today’s world, creative thinking is more important than ever. Many companies want people who can think creatively, and (18) _______. Creativity helps us find new ideas and solve challenges in different areas of life.

(19) _______. Research shows that everyone has the capacity for creative thinking. Scientists describe two key types of thinking: divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple ideas, and convergent thinking, which focuses on selecting the most appropriate solution. (20) _______.

A recent study looked at how music can help creativity. Participants did exercises to measure divergent and convergent thinking while listening to silence or classical music that made them feel happy, calm, sad, or anxious. (21) _______. They created more ideas and more original solutions. Other types of music did not have the same effect. Music did not change convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the one correct answer.

The researchers suggest happy music may improve creativity (22) _______, helping them see problems in new ways. The study also showed that people do not need to like music to benefit from it. So, if you want new ideas or solutions, listening to happy music while working can be an easy and effective way to boost your creativity.

Choose the best answer for question 22:

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

The word it in paragraph 1 refers to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

The word retain in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

How does music help children improve their concentration?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of music on children in the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

In which paragraph does the writer state that playing music is a complex process?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Learning music is very good for children’s brains. Studies show that playing an instrument, singing, or joining group music activities can improve memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Music challenges the brain and helps it grow. Research from the American Psychological Association says that music can strengthen areas of the brain connected to memory, spatial skills, and language. These benefits also help children do better in school and learn important skills for the future.

2. A major benefit of music is the improvement of memory. When children learn an instrument or memorise lyrics, they practise recalling information. Music involves patterns, sequences, and rhythms that children must remember, which strengthens their working memory. This skill is useful in school, as it enables children to retain information for tests, homework, and projects more effectively.

3. Music also enhances concentration and attention. In music lessons, children are encouraged to listen carefully, follow instructions, and practise regularly. These activities teach them to focus on tasks and complete steps in order. Research shows that children who engage in music training often demonstrate better attention spans, which positively affects their learning in other subjects.

4. Music encourages creative thinking and problem-solving. Playing an instrument or interpreting a musical piece requires children to analyse the music, solve playing challenges, and express ideas. These skills help them in daily life and support academic subjects such as mathematics and science, where critical thinking is important.

5. Finally, music supports language development. Studies from the University of Toronto show that children involved in musical activities improve their reading, speech, and language comprehension. Learning rhythms and patterns helps them recognise sounds and syllables, while songs and lyrics expand vocabulary. These experiences enhance children’s overall language abilities.

In which paragraph does the writer show that the structure of music supports cognitive development?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

The word accumulate in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

The word detect in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the benefits of fire for flora and fauna in paragraph 3?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

The word they in paragraph 4 refers to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Controlled burns remove this material in a safe way, helping healthy plants and animals to thrive

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following best summarises paragraph 5?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. All fires can be dangerous to people and property, but controlled burns are carefully planned and follow strict safety rules. Humans have used controlled fires for thousands of years for different purposes. For example, in Africa, traditional farming practices include controlled burns to rid areas of insects that carry disease and to create more grazing land for animals. [I]

2. Periodic fires benefit ecosystems by removing dead plants and organic material. When dead plants accumulate, they can prevent soil organisms from accessing nutrients and stop animals from reaching the soil. This layer can also block the growth of smaller or new plants. [II] Nutrients from burned plants and animals return to the soil faster than natural decay, which improves soil fertility.

3. Some plants and animals depend on fire to survive and reproduce. [III] Seeds of Lodgepole pine trees stay inside cones until fire melts the resin. Certain flowers and plants also grow or bloom after fires. Animals rely on fire as well. For example, fire chaser beetles can detect fires and lay eggs in recently burned areas. Healthier plants after fire provide more food for animals, supporting the entire ecosystem.

4. Controlled burns also reduce the risk of severe wildfires. Dead plants on the ground act as fuel, and without regular fires, wildfires can spread quickly and cause much damage. [IV] Climate change has made many areas drier, increasing the risk of fast-spreading fires. Therefore, they are more important today than in the past.

5. Controlled fires can also reduce harmful carbon emissions. In the African savanna, uncontrolled fires late in the dry season cause severe damage and release large amounts of carbon. Authorities now start controlled burns earlier in the season, when the land is wetter. Fires spread more slowly, cause less damage, and release less carbon. Proper management of fire protects ecosystems, prevents large wildfires, and supports efforts to address climate change.

Which of the following best summarises the passage?