Read the text below and select the best option for each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box provided. 
    Here are some ways to help you to get a good night’s sleep. Firstly, don’t try too hard to (1)…………. asleep because this will make you anxious and keep you awake. Secondly, don’t go to bed until you (2)………….sleepy. Sitting in bed awake just (3)…………. you awake. If you cannot sleep (4) ………….you go to bed, get up and do something relaxing for a while until you feel sleepy. (5)…………. a boring book, watching TV or writing a letter can all help to relax you. You shouldn’t keep (6)…………. the clock, either. If you know how much sleep you have lost, you will become worried and less able to sleep. Turning the clock around (7)…………. you cannot see it is better. Lastly, it is a good (8)…………. to exercise during the day. A 20-minute walk (9)………… the morning will (10) ………….you feel sleepier at bedtime.

1___________

Read the following passage carefully, and then select the best option A, B, C or D to complete it:

"Conservation, sustainable use and protection of (1) _______ resources including plants, animals, mineral deposits, soils, clean (2) _______, clean air, and fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Natural (3) _______ are grouped into two categories, renewable and nonrenewable. A (4) _______ resource is one that may be replaced over time by natural processes, (5) _______ fish populations or natural vegetation, or is inexhaustible, such as (6) _______ energy. The goal of renewable resource conservation is to ensure (7) _______ such resources are not consumed faster than they are (8) _______. Nonrenewable resources are those in limited supply that cannot be replaced (9) ______ can be replaced only over extremely long (10) _______ of time. Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and mineral deposits, such as (11) _______ ore and gold ore. Conservation activities for nonrenewable resources focus (12) _______ maintaining an adequate supply of these resources well into the future.Natural resources are conserved for their biological, economic, and recreational values, (13)_______ their natural beauty and importance to local cultures. (14) _______, tropical rain forests are protected for their important role in both global ecology and the economic livelihood of the local culture; a coral reef may be (15) _______ for its recreational value for scuba divers; and a scenic river may be protected for its natural beauty...."

5. (5) _______ fish populations or natural vegetation, or is inexhaustible,

Read the passage and choose the best answers.

     In Southeast Asia, many forests have been cut down to produce timber and to clear land for farms and industries. The destruction of forests has reduced the living space of wildlife. Much of Asia’s wildlife is also threatened by over-hunting. Many people kill animals for food or hunt them to sell to zoos, medical researchers, and pet traders. Because of habitat destruction and over-hunting, many large Asian animals, including elephants, rhinoceros, and tigers, have become endangered.

In China, people have cut down most of the forests for wood, which has caused serious soil erosion. The soil is deposited in rivers and streams, which lowers the quality of the water. The Huang He, or Yellow River, is so named because the light-colored soil gives the water a yellowish color. The soil has also raised the riverbed. As a result, the Huang He often floods, causing great property damage and loss of life along its banks.

Rhinoceros and elephants are mentioned as an example of _________.

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer

Our family members resemble each other because we have the same genetic formation in our DNA, and this formation has been passed from parents to children for many generations. Much like the children humans create, plants pass on their genetic formation in their seeds. The seeds of endangered and imperiled plants are so valuable because there are no other plants in the world with that same genetic formation, and we are at risk of loosing these genetic resources forever. But preserving the genetic diversity of some species can be quite difficult. When researchers and conservationists preserve a plant, one of their goals is to preserve genetic variety. “By preserving the genes of these plants, we preserve the possibility for adaptations in the future,” explains Dr. Christina Walters, a plant physiologist. After collected seeds must be stored for future use, planting or research. Since seeds begin to grow when it is warm and wet, scientists store seeds in places that are cold and dry, which is called a seed bank. But not all seeds survive the drying and freezing treatments, and care must be taken so that they are not harmed during banking. When researchers attempt to store a seed, they examine what is known about the growth habits of the plant, its habitat and geographical distribution, and then classify the seeds by storage needs.

A seed bank ____

Read the text below and select the best option for each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box provided. 
    Here are some ways to help you to get a good night’s sleep. Firstly, don’t try too hard to (1)…………. asleep because this will make you anxious and keep you awake. Secondly, don’t go to bed until you (2)………….sleepy. Sitting in bed awake just (3)…………. you awake. If you cannot sleep (4) ………….you go to bed, get up and do something relaxing for a while until you feel sleepy. (5)…………. a boring book, watching TV or writing a letter can all help to relax you. You shouldn’t keep (6)…………. the clock, either. If you know how much sleep you have lost, you will become worried and less able to sleep. Turning the clock around (7)…………. you cannot see it is better. Lastly, it is a good (8)…………. to exercise during the day. A 20-minute walk (9)………… the morning will (10) ………….you feel sleepier at bedtime.
9__________

Choose the best answer from A, B, C, or D to fill in each numbered blank in the following passage.

NEW HUNT FOR LIFE IN SPACE

     British space scientists are planning to join the Americans in the race to find evidence of life on (1)______ planets. Alan Penny and his team at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory have designed a telescope that is 40 times more powerful than Hubble. Known as ‘Darwin’, his telescope could tell if planets 50 (2)______ years away have any kind of life on them. Two days (3)______, NASA scientists had shown proof that one of Jupiter’s moons could support life, Penny announced that his telescope may be included in a European Space Agency mission. The Darwin project, with a (4)______ of 500 million, is on a shortlist of two proposals. If approved it will probably be (5)______ around 2015, its destination somewhere between Mars and Jupiter. The blueprint is actually for five telescopes positioned 50 meters apart in space, slowly circling a (6) ______processing station. The combined data from these telescopes would build up a full picture of a planet, picking out faint images that have never been seen before. Darwin would not be able to take detailed photographs of the planets it (7)______, but Penny believes a second-generation telescope could be sent up to do this. He claims it is worthwhile mapping the universe around our (8)______ galaxy, even though these planets lie (9)______ our reach for the moment. Hie European Space Agency will make its decision (10)______ Darwin within three years.

9__________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks

Ecotourism is booming and many tour operators say this is helpful to nature. Every year, millions of people visit protected (1) ____ areas to observe rare species. However, a new report casts doubt (2) ____ this form of tourism. The report, (3) ____ in the journal "Trends in Ecology and Evolution", suggests that ecotourism damages more than (4) ____ nature. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural (5) ____. They point to a recent (6) ____ in Costa Rica where turtles had problems laying their eggs because of the many tourists who had gathered (7) ____  the beach to watch them.

The report says that ecotourism is (8) ____ animals bolder. A human presence makes animals tamer and less (9) ____ about other animals. This could put them at (10) ____ of being attacked by their natural predators, so more of them will be killed. The report says that when animals interact with humans, "they may let down their guard”. The report also says it is essential, “to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how different species in different situations respond to human visitation, and under what precise conditions human exposure might put them at risk".

(7) ___________

Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer:

"Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for unrestricted access to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation method sare necessary to protect the river for future use.
Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear freshwater for survival."

2/ What does “supply” in line 4 mean?

Read the text below and select the best option for each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box provided. 
    Here are some ways to help you to get a good night’s sleep. Firstly, don’t try too hard to (1)…………. asleep because this will make you anxious and keep you awake. Secondly, don’t go to bed until you (2)………….sleepy. Sitting in bed awake just (3)…………. you awake. If you cannot sleep (4) ………….you go to bed, get up and do something relaxing for a while until you feel sleepy. (5)…………. a boring book, watching TV or writing a letter can all help to relax you. You shouldn’t keep (6)…………. the clock, either. If you know how much sleep you have lost, you will become worried and less able to sleep. Turning the clock around (7)…………. you cannot see it is better. Lastly, it is a good (8)…………. to exercise during the day. A 20-minute walk (9)………… the morning will (10) ………….you feel sleepier at bedtime.

2__________

Read the following passage and decide which options A, B, C, or D best fits each space.
UNICEF means the United Nations Children’s Fund. It serves children in (41)______ all over the world. It helps children of (42)______ races, nationalities, religions, and political systems in more than 140 worldwide countries. The (43)______ of UNICEF is to help provide a better life for children and their mothers.
UNICEF (44) ______ both long-term assistance and emergency. UNICEF was (45) ______ in 1946 to help bring food and medicine to children who suffered during World War II in Europe. It began (46)______ a temporary agency, but became a permanent part of the United Nations in 1953 (47)______ the need for its services around the world. UNICEF’s primary concern is to help governments of developing countries improve the (48)______  of life for almost one billion children. UNICEF’s main office is in the United Nations, New York City, (49)______ it also has more than 40 offices and 100 programs worldwide. In 1965, UNICEF won the Nobel Peace Prize (50) ______  its work helping children and building brighter futures.

46___________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing. This specific type of tourism is now increasingly becoming one of the most popular, with growth rates increasing every year. The United Nations, aware of the fact that tourism could be one of the most detrimental activities if not planned in accordance with the threshold imposed by nature, has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry.
Recently, The Division for Sustainable Development, Small Island Developing States Unit, decided that in preparation for the International Day of Ecotourism, it would be beneficial to identify successful practices of ecotourism on small islands. In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must meet the following criteria: it must combine natural and cultural tourism; it must involve local populations in the program, including providing educational resources to the local community, it must identity, manage and conserve the natural and cultural environment as well as the resources on the island; it must generate practices that will lead to the future sustainability of the island. If these criteria are followed by an "eco" organization, it deserves to be recognized as successful.

What is the main idea of the passage?

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer

Our family members resemble each other because we have the same genetic formation in our DNA, and this formation has been passed from parents to children for many generations. Much like the children humans create, plants pass on their genetic formation in their seeds. The seeds of endangered and imperiled plants are so valuable because there are no other plants in the world with that same genetic formation, and we are at risk of loosing these genetic resources forever. But preserving the genetic diversity of some species can be quite difficult. When researchers and conservationists preserve a plant, one of their goals is to preserve genetic variety. “By preserving the genes of these plants, we preserve the possibility for adaptations in the future,” explains Dr. Christina Walters, a plant physiologist. After collected seeds must be stored for future use, planting or research. Since seeds begin to grow when it is warm and wet, scientists store seeds in places that are cold and dry, which is called a seed bank. But not all seeds survive the drying and freezing treatments, and care must be taken so that they are not harmed during banking. When researchers attempt to store a seed, they examine what is known about the growth habits of the plant, its habitat and geographical distribution, and then classify the seeds by storage needs.

The text is about ____.

Read the text and decide which answer best fits each space given. 

THE BAT

    The bat may seem like an ordinary creature, but in fact, it is an amazing animal. The bat has wings and is the only animal (1)________ of true flight. There are many (2)________ species of bat. In Britain (3) ________there are fourteen types of bat, which ranges in sizes from a few inches to (4) ________feet in wingspan.
    Bats are nocturnal animals (5)________ become active only at dusk. Many species (6) ________on a “radar” system to find their way around. The bat emits squeaks and then measures the echoes to “see” how far away from any (7) ________.
     The (8)________ of bats survive on a diet of insects while others eat fruit. There are two species which eat fish and there are even some bats which eat meat! Some vampire bats take blood (9)________ their sleeping victims. These bats may carry the deadly disease rabies.
     Bats are sociable creatures and form large colonies. Most bats (10)________  throughout the winter months. Many people are afraid of bats without even seeing one. Perhaps if we learn more about these wonderful creatures, we will no longer fear them.

5__________

Read the passage and fill in each blank with the correct answer.

Throughout the world, there are different (26)_________ for people to greet each other. In much of the world, a handshake is a common form of welcoming and greeting someone. In many countries around the Mediterranean Sea, a light kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends and family. It can be a very (27)_________ surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a kiss or a hug instead.

At times, it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting (28)_________ is followed. People may bow, wave another’s arm or even slap the other person on the back. In some places, people just smile, look at (29) _________ face, and say nothing.

Most people in the world are tolerant of, visitors and don’t mind what travelers do that seems wrong as long as the visitors are (30) _________. A big part of the delightfulness of world travel is experiencing different customs.

Question 30.......................

Read the text below and select the best option for each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box provided. 
    Here are some ways to help you to get a good night’s sleep. Firstly, don’t try too hard to (1)…………. asleep because this will make you anxious and keep you awake. Secondly, don’t go to bed until you (2)………….sleepy. Sitting in bed awake just (3)…………. you awake. If you cannot sleep (4) ………….you go to bed, get up and do something relaxing for a while until you feel sleepy. (5)…………. a boring book, watching TV or writing a letter can all help to relax you. You shouldn’t keep (6)…………. the clock, either. If you know how much sleep you have lost, you will become worried and less able to sleep. Turning the clock around (7)…………. you cannot see it is better. Lastly, it is a good (8)…………. to exercise during the day. A 20-minute walk (9)………… the morning will (10) ………….you feel sleepier at bedtime.

6.________

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below

Sometimes people forget how we depend __________ (1) nature and environment surrounding us. We spend mindlessly __________ (2) resources given by nature and believe that they are unlimited. Over the last millennia the population on the planet grew immensely and our needs increase with every year. We achieved great breakthrough in industry __________ (3) other fields of production. But this growth resulted in poor environmental conditions. It seems that every achievement and advancement only __________ (4) damage to nature.

We __________ (5) natural resources thoughtlessly for many years. Once we exhausted one resource we started to use up another alternative. Have you ever thought what our life will be when coal and oil will come to the end? Plug-in hybrid vehicles are good solutions for the fuel crisis to come.

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to answer these following questions

Nature gave us all necessary resources to live and prosper. Now it is in danger and needs our help. What else we can do to protect environment? First of all this decisions must be made on governmental level and provide legal limitations for industries that emit a lot of greenhouse gases. We must unite together in order to protect the place we live in. People are an integral part of nature, we are dependent of it as we cannot imagine our life without nature. So why to destroy environment and bite the hand that feeds you? We must stop deforestation and plant trees on cut down areas. Trees are natural filter of air that absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Cutting down trees we deprive animals of their natural environment and the soil begin to grow in erosion. Planting trees will save birds and other animals.

We often make forced choices that are advertised on TV. Manufacturers try to rise their profits and sell more products. Sometimes we have so many unnecessary things we do not use. Imagine that you are moving your house, what are the necessary items you may need to live, only several bags. In reality the matter is opposite. There are a lot of things we do not use. People have to reconsider their views of life and promote healthy and ecologically friendly lifestyle. It is up to us to change situation for better and leave good legacy for generations to come.

Why should we plant trees?

Read the passage and fill in each blank with the correct answer.

Throughout the world, there are different (26)_________ for people to greet each other. In much of the world, a handshake is a common form of welcoming and greeting someone. In many countries around the Mediterranean Sea, a light kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends and family. It can be a very (27)_________ surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a kiss or a hug instead.

At times, it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting (28)_________ is followed. People may bow, wave another’s arm or even slap the other person on the back. In some places, people just smile, look at (29) _________ face, and say nothing.

Most people in the world are tolerant of, visitors and don’t mind what travelers do that seems wrong as long as the visitors are (30) _________. A big part of the delightfulness of world travel is experiencing different customs.

Question 26..........................

Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions: 
Saving energy means decreasing the amount of energy used while achieving a similar outcome of end use. Using less energy has lots of benefits - you can save money and help the environment. Generating energy requires precious natural resources, for instance coal, oil or gas. Therefore, using less energy helps us to preserve these resources and make them last longer in the future.

If people use less energy, there is less pressure to increase the available supply of energy, for example by constructing new power plants, or by importing energy from a different country.

There are many sources on the web that give you ideas of what you can do to save energy.

Here are a few ideas to help you:

Change your travel behavior, think more in terms of public transportation, if possible, walk or ride your bicycle instead of taking the car.

Reduce your house heat, keep the windows closed while heating, dress warmly.

Choose products that come with lightweight packaging.

Turn off lights and appliances when you are not using them, use energy-saving light bulbs.

Reuse plastic bags for shopping and storage.

Use a microwave instead of a stove to reheat food.

Use rechargeable batteries instead of disposable batteries.

According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned as the benefits of saving energy EXCEPT ___.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing. This specific type of tourism is now increasingly becoming one of the most popular, with growth rates increasing every year. The United Nations, aware of the fact that tourism could be one of the most detrimental activities if not planned in accordance with the threshold imposed by nature, has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry.
Recently, The Division for Sustainable Development, Small Island Developing States Unit, decided that in preparation for the International Day of Ecotourism, it would be beneficial to identify successful practices of ecotourism on small islands. In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must meet the following criteria: it must combine natural and cultural tourism; it must involve local populations in the program, including providing educational resources to the local community, it must identity, manage and conserve the natural and cultural environment as well as the resources on the island; it must generate practices that will lead to the future sustainability of the island. If these criteria are followed by an "eco" organization, it deserves to be recognized as successful.

In paragraph 2, the word "it” refers to ____.

Read the passage and choose the best answers.

     In Southeast Asia, many forests have been cut down to produce timber and to clear land for farms and industries. The destruction of forests has reduced the living space of wildlife. Much of Asia’s wildlife is also threatened by over-hunting. Many people kill animals for food or hunt them to sell to zoos, medical researchers, and pet traders. Because of habitat destruction and over-hunting, many large Asian animals, including elephants, rhinoceros, and tigers, have become endangered.

In China, people have cut down most of the forests for wood, which has caused serious soil erosion. The soil is deposited in rivers and streams, which lowers the quality of the water. The Huang He, or Yellow River, is so named because the light-colored soil gives the water a yellowish color. The soil has also raised the riverbed. As a result, the Huang He often floods, causing great property damage and loss of life along its banks.

The word over-hunting has the closest meaning to_________.