Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
There are many theories of aging, but virtually all fall into the category of hypotheses with a minimum of supporting evidence. One viewpoint is that aging occurs as the body's organ systems become less efficient. Thus failures in the immune system, hormonal system, and nervous system could all produce characteristics that we associate with aging. Following a different vein, many current researchers are looking for evidence at the cellular and sub cellular level. It has been shown that cells such as human fibroblasts (generalized tissue cells) grown in culture divide only a limited number of times and then die. Only cancer cells seem immortal in this respect. Fibroblast cells from an embryo divide more times than those taken from an adult. Thus some researchers believe that aging occurs at the cellular level and is part of the cell's genetic makeup. Any event that disturbs the cell's genetic machinery such as mutation, damaging chemicals in the cell's environment, or loss of genetic material, could cause cells to lose their ability to divide and thus bring on aging. Other theories of aging look at different processes.
Chronological aging refers to the passage of time since birth and is usually measured in years. While chronological age can be useful in estimating the average status of a large group of people, it is a poor indicator of an individual person's status because there is a tremendous amount of variation from one individual to the next in regard to the rate at which biological age changes occur. For example, on the average, aging results in people losing much of their ability to perform strenuous activities, yet some elderly individuals are excellent marathon runners.
Another type of aging is cosmetic aging, which consists of changes in outward appearance with advancing age. This includes changes in the body and changes in other aspects of a person's appearance, such as the style of hair and clothing, the type of eyeglasses, and the use of a hearing aid. Like chronological aging, it is frequently used to estimate the degree to which other types of aging have occurred. However, it is an inaccurate indicator for either purpose because of variation among individuals and because a person's appearance is affected by many factors that are not part of aging, including illness, poor nutrition, and exposure to sunlight.
According to the passage, chronological aging is not a good indicator of an individual's status regarding aging because______.
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Lời giải:
Báo saiTheo đoạn văn, lão hóa theo thời gian không phải là chỉ số tốt về tình trạng của một cá nhân đối với lão hóa bởi vì...........
A. Người già thường khỏe mạnh
B. Có sự thay đổi cá nhân theo tốc độ lão hóa về mặt sinh học
C. Những hoạt động đòi hỏi nhiều sức lực thì không phải cái để đo tuổi tác tốt
D. Thật khó khăn để có những hồ sơ chính xác về ngày sinh
"While chronological age can be useful in estimating the average status of a large group of people, it is a poor indicator of an individual person’s status because there is a tremendous amount of variation from one individual to the next in regard to the rate at which biological age changes occur.” (Trong khi lão hóa theo thời gian có thể hữu ích trong việc ước tính tình trạng trung bình của một nhóm ngưòi thì nó là một chỉ số kém về tình trạng của một cá nhân bởi vì có một lượng thay đổi to lớn từ cá nhân này đến cá nhân kế tiếp liên quan đến tốc độ mà những thay đổi tuổi tác về mặt sinh học xảy ra.)
Đáp án B