Complete the passage with the words provided:
Mobile phones emit microwave radio emissions. Researchers are questioning whether exposure to these radio waves might (1) _______ to brain cancer. So far, the data are not conclusive. The scientific evidence does not (2) _______ us to say with certainly that mobile phones are categorically (3) _______. On the other hand, current research has not yet (4) _______ clear adverse effect associated with the prolonged use of mobile phones. Numerous studies are now going (5) _______ in various countries. Some of the results are contradictory but others have shown an association between mobile phone use and cancer. (6) _______, these studies are preliminary and the issue needs further, long - term investigation. (7) _______ the scientific data is more definite, it is prudent for people to try not to use mobile phone for long (8) _______ of time. Don't think that hands free phones are any safer either. At the moment, research is in fact showing the (9) _______ and they may be just as dangerous. It is also thought that young people (10) _______ bodies are still growing may be at particular risk

Complete the passage with the words provided:
What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the (1)___ of goods and services. Economic resources can be broken    down into (2)______general categories: property resource – land and capital, and human resources –    labor and entrepreneurial skills. What do economists mean (3)_____ land? Much more than the non-economist, land refers to all the natural resources (4)_____are usable in the production process: arable land, forests, mineral and oil   deposits, and (5)_________ on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and distributing goods and (6)_____. Capital goods differ from consumer goods   in that (7)_____ satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the production  of consumer  goods.  It  should  be noted that  capital  as  defined here does  not (8)_____ to  money. Money, as such, produces nothing. The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods and services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial skills, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office  worker, a ballet (9)_______ or an astronaut all fall (10)______ the general heading of labor.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species’ death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

The word “it” refers to ________.

Read and then choose the best answer
GERMANY 4 -2 COSTA RICA
Host Germany opened the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals with a 4-2 win over Group A rivals Costa Rica in Munich on Friday, 9 June 2006. An exciting Opening Match produced three goals inside the first 17 minutes as Philipp Lahm fired Germany in front on six minutes, Paulo Wanchope drew the Ticos level six minutes later and then Miroslav Klose restored the host’s lead.
Klose, celebrating his 28th birthday, made it 3–1 after 61 minutes and although Wanchope narrowed the deficit with his second goal on 73 minutes, Jurgen Klinsmann’s men secured the three points through Torsten Frings’ spectacular drive three minutes from time. Germany made the best possible start to the finals with three points and a healthy return of four goals, but there will be questions raised about their tactics after being caught out twice at the back.

When did the match take place?

Complete the passage with the words provided:
The latest addiction to trap thousands of people is Internet, which has been (1) … for broken relationships, job losses, financial ruin and even one suicide. Psychologists now recognize Internet Addiction Syndrome (IAS) as a new illness that could (2) ….. serious problems and ruin many lives. Special help groups have been set up to (3) ….. sufferers help and support. IAS is similar to (4) ….. problems like gambling, smoking and drinking : addicts have dreams about Internet; they need to use it first thing in the morning; they (5) … to their partners about how much time they spend online; they (6) …. they could cut down, but are unable to do so . A recent study found that many users spend up to 40 hours a week on the Internet; (7) …. they felt guilty, they became depressed if they were (8) …. to stop using it. Almost anyone can be at risk. Some of the addicts are teenagers who are already hooked on Computer games and who (9) …. it very difficult to resist the games on the Internet. Surprisingly, however, psychologists (10)…. that most victims are middle-aged housewives who have never used a computer before.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
OWNING A PET
The joys and tribulations of being a pet owner! During our lifetime most of us have some experience of either owning a pet or being in (1) _______ contact with someone who does. Is there such a thing as “the ideal pet”? If so what characterizes the ideal pet? Various (2) _______ influence one’s choice of pet, from your reasons for getting a pet to your lifestyle. For example, although quite a few pets are relatively cheap to buy, the cost of (3) _______ can be considerable. Everything must be (4) _______ into account, from food and bedding, to vaccinations and veterinary bills. You must be prepared to (5) _______ time on your pet, which involves shopping for it, cleaning and feeding it. Pets can be demanding and a big responsibility. Are you prepared to exercise and (6) _______ an animal or do you prefer a more independent pet? How much spare room do you have? Is it right to lock an energetic animal into a (7) _______ space? Do you live near a busy road which may threaten the life of your pet? Pets (8) _______ as turtles and goldfish can be cheap and convenient, but if you prefer affectionate pets, a friendly cat or dog would be more (9) _______. People get pets for a number of reasons, for company, security or to teach responsibility to children. Pets can be affectionate and loyal and an excellent source of company as long as you know what pet (10) _______ you and your lifestyle

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Getting friends and family to pose for photos is hard enough, but how would you cope with a rabbit, an owl or a butterfly that simply (1) _______to keep still? Simon King, wildlife film—maker and photographer, says you don't need any formal (2)_______  to get started. "The whole idea is that photographing wildlife should be fun". Simon offers the following (3)_______Specialize from the start. You're more likely to get good result sooner if you (4)_______  on the type of wildlife - insects for instance - (5)_______  than just going off to the woods or park with your camera and snapping whatever you see. Pick something that isn't hard to photograph. Choosing an animal that's hard to (6)_______ or will run away if it sees you (7) _______ unnecessary problems. How about flowers or a group of birds? Search second-hand camera shops and local papers for quality (8) _______. You don't need to (9) _______ a fortune. Simon started with just a second-hand camera that cost around $30. But you will need a single lens reflex camera. Remember it's the whole photograph that counts, nor just the subject. (10) _______ you're composing a picture and try to be as artistic as possible.

Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Kevin teaches (28) ____ at a high school. He enjoys his teaching very much, and he always feels very self-confident and proud when he is standing on the teaching platform. Some of his ex-classmates have just offered him a chance (29) _____ them in a new company to produce computer software for businesses. Everyone thinks that it (30) ____ very well. Kevin will probably earn more money than he does at the high school. The new company is (31) ____, and the money may be good indeed. (32) ____, Kevin can hardly quit his teaching job! He loves it.

31.__________

Complete the passage with the words provided:
The most dominant and reliable features of facial expressions provide a constant channel of communication. They can be shifty and evasive; convey hate, fear, and guilt; or (1) _____ confidence, love, and support. Referred to as "mirrors of the soul" our eyes serve as the major decisive factor in (2) _____ the spoken words. The eyes of the man converse as (3) _____ as their tongues, with the advantage that the ocular dialect needs (4) _____ dictionary, but it is understood all over the world. When the eyes say one thing, and the tongue another, a practiced man relies on eyes. Except (5) _____ extremely shy individuals, most people look for social acceptance by studying the eyes of others. Eyes also can (6) _____ indicate a positive or a negative relationship. People tend to look longer and more often at the people whom they trust, respect and care about than at those whom they doubt or (7) _____. Normal eye dilation is not under control of the individual. Personally characteristics such as introversion and extroversion also influence eye behavior. Eye behavior seems (8) ____ particular importance and is generally used to indicate whether one is open to communication. This can be observed when a teacher asks the class a question: students who think they know the answer will generally (9) ____ at the teacher, (10) ____ students who do not know the answer will usually try to avoid eye contact

Complete the passage with the words provided:
It can take a long time to become successful in your chosen field, however talented you are. One thing you have to be (1) _______ of is that you will face criticism along the way. The world is (2)_________ of people who would rather say something negative than positive. If you’ve made up your (3)_______ to achieve a certain goal, such as writing a novel, (4)_________ the negative criticism of others prevent you from reaching your target, and let the constructive criticism have a positive effect on your work. If someone says you’re totally in the (5)______ of talent, ignore them. That’s negative criticism. If (6), __________, someone advises you to revise your work and gives you a good reason for doing so, you should consider their suggestions carefully. There are many film stars (7)__________ were once out of work . There are many famous novelists who made a complete mess of their first novel – or who didn’t, but had to keep on approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it (8) ________. Being successful does depend on luck, to a (9)________ extent. But things are more likely to (10) ________ well if you persevere and stay positive

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to answer these following questions

"New part-time volunteering opportunities - Woodcraft Folk Glasgow districts

Are you looking to get more involved with your local community?

Do you enjoy working with young people and children?

Are you passionate about big issues affecting society today and building children’s awareness and self-confidence to cope with the challenges of tomorrow?

If this sounds like you Woodcraft Folk needs you!

Woodcraft Folk is a registered charity offering you the opportunity to help build a fairer, more peaceful world for all. We run weekly groups for children aged 4-16yrs old and are looking for Volunteers to get involved for a few hours a month, whenever it suits YOU!

Perhaps you’d like to contribute a couple of hours as a one-off workshop? Or maybe you’d like to take part in a group discussion or games night once a fortnight?

We know that your time is precious so we will work with you to make sure you to get the most out of your experience with us. From working directly with the groups and running your own sessions, to representing groups at the national level there are many aspects of the organization you can choose to get involved with!

If you are a good communicator who shares our values of peace, co-operation and equality, Glasgow Woodcraft Folk invites you to get in touch. We are running induction events week starting Monday 22nd April and would love to see you there!"

1: Does Woodcraft Folk aim at young children?

Complete the passage with the words provided:
The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This (1)______many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risks (2) ______accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to change their habits and leave their cars at home. One possible (3)______is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (4)______ the laws. In addition, drives could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (5) ______as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card (6) ______to windscreen of the car. Another ways of (7) ______with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the center. Drivers and passengers then use a special bus service for the (8) ______stage of their journey. Of course, the most important (9) ______is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares 10) _______at an acceptable level.

Choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D) to complete the following passage:

Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in danger. Many species of animals will become extinct if we do not (46) ______ an effort to protect them. There are many reasons for this. (47) ______ some cases, animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some birds, such as parrots, (48) ______ alive and sold as pets. For many animals and birds the problem is that their habitat - the place where they live - is disappearing.

More land is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were. Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them to grow better crops, (49) _______these chemicals pollute the environment and harm wildlife. The most successful animals on earth - human beings - will soon be the only ones left, unless we can (50) _______ this problem.

(47)................

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D) to complete the passage:
There are many different ways to improve your reading, writing, listening and speaking skills when you study another language. It's easy to (31) ______ a mistake when you write a letter or speak for the first time. You can get a friend (32)____ speaks the language well and record them on your phone. Then you can play it back at home and review how they pronounce (33)________ words. Another tip many language teachers share is to label things use a lot, like your book (34) ______backpack. This will help you when you try to translate English words (35)__________ your own language in the future.

(32)...................

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to answer these following questions

There are thousands of different kinds of microbes. Microbes called bacteria are the smallest living things. Bacteria live almost everywhere: on land, in water, and even inside you. Some microscopic life forms are like plants. Tiny diatoms are microbes that live in lakes and the ocean. Diatoms soak up sunlight and use its energy to make food, just like plants.

Some microscopic life forms are more like animals. Protozoa such as the amoeba and paramecium are animal-like microorganisms. An amoeba can move by changing the shape of its body. It sticks out a pseudo pod, or false foot. A paramecium is covered with tiny hairs. It waves its hairs rapidly to swim.

Viruses are another kind of microbe. Viruses sometimes act like living things and other times act like nonliving things. Viruses sometimes live in the cells of plants and animals. Inside a cell, a virus reproduces like a living thing. The virus uses the cell to make many copies of itself. Viruses are too small to see with an ordinary microscope. You need a powerful electron microscope to see a virus. Outside of a plant or animal cell, a virus is like a nonliving thing.

What helps a paramecium swim?

Complete the passage with the words provided:
TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION
Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the (1) __________ classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (2) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to (3) __________. It was not until the late 18th century, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitudes began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (4)__________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 (5) __________ that among the 387 men (6) __________there were 1,333 designs. Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (7)  __________ about (8) __________ a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the (9) __________ of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (10) __________ the pain

Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D:

"MANY KINDS OF MICROBES
There are thousands of different kinds of microbes. Microbes called (1) _______ are the smallest living things. Bacteria live almost everywhere: on land, in water, and even (2) _______ you.
Some microscopic life forms are like plants. Tiny diatoms are microbes that live in lakes and the ocean. Diatoms soak up (3) _______ and use its energy to make food, just like plants.
Some microscopic life forms are more (4) _______ animals. Protozoa such as the amoeba and paramecium are animal-like microorganisms. An amoeba can move (5) _______ changing the shape of its body. It sticks out a pseudo pod, or false foot. A paramecium is (6) _______ with tiny hairs. It waves its hairs rapidly to swim.
Viruses are (7) _______ kind of microbe. Viruses sometimes act like living things and other times act like nonliving things. Viruses sometimes live in the cells of plants and animals. (8) _______ a cell, a virus reproduces like a living thing. The virus uses the cell to make many copies of itself. Viruses are (9) _______ small to see with an ordinary microscope. You need a powerful electron microscope to see a virus. Outside of a plant or animal cell, a (10) _______ is like a nonliving thing."

6. A paramecium is (6) _______ with tiny hairs. 

Complete the passage with the words provided:
KEEPING FIT
Bodies are made to move! They are not (1)  _________for sitting around in front of the television or reading magazines. Keeping fit doesn’t (2) _________you have to be a super-athlete, and even (3)  ______exercise can give you a lot of fun. When you are fit and healthy, you will find you look better and feel better. You will develop more energy and self-confidence. Every time you move, you are exercising. The human body is designed to bend, stretch, run, jump and climb. (4)  _________it does, the stronger and fitter it will become. Best of alal, exercise is fun. It’s what your body likes doing most-keeping on the (5) _________. Physical exercise is not only good for your body. People who take regular exercise are usually happier, more relaxed and more alert (6)  _________people who sit around all day. Try an experiment-next time you are (7) _________a bad mood, go for a walk or play a ball game in the park. See how much better you feel after an hour. A good (8)  _________of achievement is yet another benefit of exercise. People feel good about themselves when they know they have (9)  _________their fitness. People who exercise regularly will tell you that they find they have more energy to enjoy life. So have (10) _________-you’ll soon see and feel the benefits

Complete the passage with the words provided:
In most of the earliest books for children, illustrations were an afterthought. But in the Caldecott "toy books" which first (1)............ in 1878, they were almost (2)............ important as the lines of text,  and occupied far more space in the book. One can almost read the story from the dramatic action in the pictures. (3)............ then, thousands of successful picture books have been published in the United States and around the world. In the best, the words and illustrations seem to complement each other perfectly. Often a single person is responsible (4)............ both writing and illustrating the book. One of (5)............, and certainly one of the most successful, illustrator-authors was Dr. Seuss, (6)............ real name was Theodor Geisel. His first children's book, And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street, hit the market in 1937, and the world of children's literature was changed forever. Seuss's playful drawings were a perfect complement to his engaging stories and (7)............ characters. In 1957, Seuss's The Cat in the Hat (8)............ the first book in Random House's best-selling series, Beginner Books, written by Seuss and several (9)............ authors. These combine outrageous illustrations of people, creatures, and plants, and playful stories written (10)............ very simple language.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Bonsai trees have always been a source of great fascination to people. They are perfect miniatures, grown in pots small enough to sit on a windowsill. You have to keep reminding yourself that these trees are (1) ____real and identical to their larger cousins in all respects except their size. Rather like other small and perfectly-formed artifacts, bonsai trees, (2) ___quite a high price in the marketplace and so it doesn’t come as a great surprise to find that they also attract the attention of thieves. It seems that quite a flourishing business has (3) _____, in which they are stolen from the homes of grower and collectors, then reported and trimmed by unscrupulous dealers, to be sold on, at good prices, to unsuspecting buyers. One of Britain’s top collectors of bonsai trees, Paul Widdington, believes that he has found a solution, however. After losing his life’s work, (4) ____at £250,000, when burglars broke into his home one night, Paul decided to (5) ________the possibilities of electronically tagging the trees he bought as a replacement. This (6)______ injecting a microchip the size of a (7) ____of rice intro trunk of each tree. Each chip is a laser-etched with information which is (8) ____ in a central register held by the police. Paul is quite aware that this kind of data-tagging doesn’t prevent thieves from stealing the trees in the first (9) _____, although it may increase the (10) ____ of getting them back. So he’s also installing a security alarm system, complete with infra-red detectors, in his home.

Complete the passage with the words provided:
Statesmen define a family as “a group of individuals having a common dwelling and related by blood, adoption or marriage, (1) ______________includes common-law relationships.” Most people are born into one of these groups and (2) ______________live their lives as a family in such a group. Although the definition of a family may not change, (3) ______________ relationship of people to each other within the family group changes as society changes. More and more wives are (4) ______________paying jobs, and, as a result, the roles of husband, wife and children are changing. Today, men expect to (5)______________. for pay for about 40 years of their lives, and, in today’s marriages (6)______________ which both spouses have paying jobs, women can expect to work for about 30 to 35 years of their lives. This mean that man must learn to do their share of family tasks such as caring for the children and daily (7)___________chores. Children, too, especially adolescents, have to (8)______________with the members od their family in sharing household tasks. The widespread acceptance of contraception has meant that having (9)______________ is as matter of choice, not an automatic result of marriage. Marriage itself has become a choice. As alternatives (10)______________ common-law relationships and single-parent families have become socially acceptable, women will become more independent