A dry pass, meaning the ball does not _____ the watter is thrown a few inches above the head of the catching player.

(417)______

___ is a sport in which you move along the surface of the sea or a lake on a long narrow board with a sail on it.

(418)______

Choose the best answer:
What/ most/ important/ volunteer activity/ our area?

Choose the best answer:
I/ make/ friends/ foreigner/ in/ chat room.

Choose the word that has main stress placed differently from the others.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions :
It has been said that the wars of the future will not be fought over land. Instead, they will be fought over the water supply. As the climate changes due to global warming, weather (1)__________ all over the world are becoming disrupted. In some regions, there will be too much water, causing extreme flooding. On the other hand, the (2)_________ will be true in other areas, where drought and famine will take place instead. Climate change is not the only reason why there will be serious problems (3)_________ water. Already, man-made projects such as the damming of rivers have caused (4)_________ to rise between nations. Since rivers can only flow in one direction, if you live in a country that relies heavily on river water for its water supply but live downstream from another country, that other country, (5)___________, controls the water supply.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate to each of the questions from 31 to 35
Social media marketing has increased due to the growing active user rates on social media sites. For example, Facebook currently has 2.2 billion users, Twitter has 330 million active users and Instagram has 800 million users. 
One of the main uses is to interact with audiences to create awareness of the brand or service, with the main idea of creating a two-way communication system where the audience and/or customers can interact back; providing feedback as just one example. Social media can be used to advertise; placing an advert on Facebook's Newsfeed, for example, can allow a vast number of people to see it or targeting specific audiences from their usage to encourage awareness of the product or brand. Users of social media are then able to like, share and comment on the advert, becoming message senders as they can keep passing the advert's message on to their friends and onwards. The use of new media put consumers on the position of spreading opinions, sharing experience, and has shift power from organization to consumers for it allows transparency and different opinions to be heard. 
Media marketing has to keep up with all the different platforms. They also have to keep up with the ongoing trends that are set by big influencers and draw many peoples attention. The type of audience a business is going for will determine the social media site they use. 

Which best serves as the title for the passage? 

Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer:
The Wonders of Wetlands
If you’re searching for scenic places or areas, visiting wetlands probably won’t be high on your list. Wetlands are areas of land that are often saturated with water and they are quite an eyesore. Although they might not look very pretty, they play an important part in keeping the environment clean and suitable for plant and animal life. With the exception of Antarctica, wetlands occur naturally on every continent. There are many different types of wetlands on the Earth, including bogs, swamps, and marshes. Along with rainforests, they are among the most diverse places on the Earth. In addition to naturally-occurring wetlands, humans are creating artificial ones for a number of purposes related to water management. One of the main benefits of wetlands is that they can prevent floods. They do so by storing water temporarily and then slowly releasing it over time. Wetlands operate similarly to a sponge. When it rains heavily and water levels rise, they absorb the excess water. This prevents runoff from entering streams and keeping them from overflowing. Then, when water levels become low in the future, they will release it. In many cases, wetlands offer a much more affordable solutions than dams. However, it’s important to note that wetlands, like dams, don’t eliminate all dangers from flooding. In cases of extremely heavy rainfall, wetlands can fill up and any additional water will start to run off. Wetlands can also play a part in water purification. Agricultural practices, urban runoff, and sewage waste are a major cause of water pollution. Wetlands contain plants and organisms that can reduce this pollution by filtering out unwanted substances such as chemicals, and decomposing matter, as well as sediment. Wetlands have additional benefits for the environment as well. They can help to feed nearby fish populations by releasing vegetative matter to rivers. Also, many amphibians use wetlands as breeding grounds because it provides places for foraging and the shallow water they require for reproduction. Some birds also use wetlands for migration, as they can settle in trees and then raid the wetland’s waters for fish when they’re hungry. Although wetlands may not look pretty, it’s clear that they are capable of doing the dirty work required to keep our planet clean and ensure that the circle of life remains unbroken.
5. All of the following are benefits of wetlands EXCEPT that __________

Read the reading below carefully, and then complete it with the best option A, B, C or D given below:
The story of gold is an adventure involving kings, queens, pirates, explores, conquerors, and the native peoples they conquered. Throughout history, gold had (1)_____a magic spell over those it touch. Gold is beautiful and rare; a soft shiny metal that can be moulded into many (2)_____.It has been used for money, jewellery, and to decorate special buildings such as palaces and places of worship. (3)_____the precious metal was discovered, prospectors rushed to mine it, starting new cities and countries as they went. Gold and the people who love it have helped shape the world we live in today. Gold is one of many elements, or substances that cannot be changed by normal chemical (4)_____, that are found in the Earth’s crust. Gold has a warm, sunny colour and (5)_____it does not react (6)_____air, water, and most chemicals, its shine never fades. In its natural (7) _____, gold is soft and easily shaped. When heated to 1,062 Celsius it melts and can be poured(8)_____ moulds to form coins, gold bars, and other objects. Stories have been told, movies (9)_____and legends born about the (10)_____of the world’s great gold deposits. It is a saga of dreams, greed, ambition and exploration

Choose the best answer:
If it ______ more humid in the desert of the Southwest, the hot temperature would be unbearable.

Music, artful arrangement of sounds (1) _______ time. This definition is obviously very broad, but a narrower one would exclude (2) _______ much. Music is part of virtually every culture on (3) _______, but it varies widely among cultures in style and structure. Definitions of music can (4) _______ dramatically over a short time, as they have across the world during the 20th (5) _________.

(35)_________

Choose the best answer:
It’s Winnie’s graduation tomorrow. She has finally _____________ her dream.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C, D):
There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world. Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us. Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.
5. The author mentions all the following as justifications for the protection of endangered species EXCEPT .

Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C, D):
Ever since it was first possible to make a real robot, people have been hoping for the invention of a machine that would do all the necessary jobs around the house. If boring and repetitive factory work could be (1) ________ by robots, why not boring and repetitive household chores too? For a long time the only people who really gave the problem their attention were amateur inventors And they came up against a major difficulty. That is, housework is actually very complex It has never been one job it has always been many. A factor robot (2) ________ one task endlessly until it is reprogrammed to do something else. It doesn’t run the whole factory. A housework robot on the other hand, has to do several different (3) ________ of cleaning and carrying jobs and also has to cope (4) ________ all the different shapes and positions of rooms, furniture, ornaments, cats and dogs. (5) ________, there have been some developments recently. Sensors are available to help the robot locate objects and avoid obstacles. We have the technology to produce the hardware. All that is missing the software- the programs that will operate the machine

Choose the best answer:
Portable/ dependent/ on/ not/ solar/ source/ are/ of/ chargers/ electricity.

The latest addiction to trap thousands of people is Internet, which has been (1) ______ for broken relationships, job losses, financial ruin and even one suicide. Psychologists now recognize Internet Addiction Syndrome (IAS) as a new illness that could cause serious problems and ruin many lives. Special help groups have been set up to of sufferers help and support. IAS is similar to (2) ______ problems like gambling, smoking and drinking : addicts have dreams about Internet; they need to use it first thing in the morning; they lie to their partners about how much time they spend online; they wish they could cut down, but are unable to do so . A recent study found that many users spend up to 40 hours a week on the Internet; (3) ______ they felt guilty, they became depressed if they were (4) ______ to stop using it. Almost anyone can be at risk. Some of the addicts are teenagers who are already hooked on computer games and who find it very difficult to resist the games on the Internet. Surprisingly, however, psychologists (5) ______ that most victims are middle-aged housewives who have never used a computer before.

(36)________

Choose the best answer:
She looks very tired after coming back from work. She should rest ______.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C, D):
Harvard University, today recognized as part of the top echelon of the world's universities, came from very inauspicious and humble beginning. This oldest of American universities was founded in 1636, just sixteen years after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts colony during this period were more than 100 graduates of England's prestigious Oxford and Cambridge universities, and these universities graduates in the New Word were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had. Because of this support in the colony for an institution of higher learning, the General Court of Massachusetts appropriated 400 pounds for a college in October of 1636 and early the following year decided on a parcel of land for the school; this land was in an area called Newetowne, which was later renamed Cambridge after its English cousin and is the site of the present-day university. When a young minister named John Harvard, who came from the neighboring town of Charlestown, died from tuberculosis in 1638, he willed half of his estate of 1,700 pounds to the fledgling college. In spite of the fact that only half of the bequest was actually paid, the General Court named the college after the minister in appreciation for what he had done. The amount of the bequest may not have been large, particularly by today's standard, but it was more than the General Court had found it necessary to appropriate in order to open the college. Henry Dunster was appointed the first president of Harvard in 1640, and it should be noted that in addition to serving as president, he was also the entire faculty, with an entering freshmen class of four students. Although the staff did expand somewhat, for the first century of its existence the entire teaching staff consisted of the president and three or four tutors.
1. The main idea of this passage is that: 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
                        KEEPING FIT
Bodies are made to move! They are not (1).................. for sitting around in front of the television or reading  magazines.  Keeping  fit doesn't (2)........................ you have to be a super-athlete, and even (3).................exercise can give you a lot of fun. When you are fit and healthy, you will find you look better and feel better. You will develop more energy and self-confidence.
Every time you move, you are exercising. The human body is designed to bend, stretch, run, jump and climb. (4)...................... it does, the stronger and fitter it will become. Best of all; exercise is fun. It's what your body likes doing most - keeping on the (5)................

(4).........................

rewrite the sentence without changing the meaning
 “I have something to show you now.”, he said to me.

Choose the best answer:
……….. are flying high in the sky.