Read the following passage about the Youth unemployment and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

    [I] Youth unemployment has become a pressing issue in Vietnam in recent years, particularly among graduates. [II] As the economy continues to grow, the influx of young people entering the workforce has outpaced the availability of suitable jobs. [III] Various factors contribute to this challenge, leading to significant consequences for both the economy and society. [IV]

    Many factors push young people into unemployment. For instance, a mismatch between education and job market demands often leaves graduates without the skills that employers require. Furthermore, the competitive job market means that even qualified candidates struggle to secure positions. In contrast, there are opportunities that attract youth to urban centers, where industries are more concentrated, providing potential access to better employment prospects and a higher standard of living.

    The impacts of youth unemployment are far-reaching. First, high unemployment rates can lead to increased poverty levels among young adults, which in turn affects their overall well-being and mental health. Additionally, the lack of stable jobs can result in social unrest, as frustrated youth may engage in protests or other forms of activism. Finally, this phenomenon can lead to a brain drain, where skilled young people migrate abroad in search of better opportunities, further depleting the local talent pool.

    Addressing youth unemployment is a complex challenge that requires a comprehensive understanding of its causes and effects. By implementing effective educational programs, fostering entrepreneurship, and encouraging job creation in various sectors, Vietnam can better support its youth, providing them with opportunities for fulfilling careers and contributing to the economy without sacrificing social stability.

 

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage about managing change and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40. 

Managing change means managing people's fear. Change is natural and good, but people's reaction to change is unpredictable and can be irrational. It can be managed if done right.

Nothing is as upsetting to your people as change. Nothing has greater potential to cause failures, loss of production, or falling quality of work. Yet nothing is as important to the survival of your organization as change. History is full of examples of organizations that failed to change and are now extinct. The secret to successfully managing change, from the perspective of the employees, is definition and understanding.

Resistance to change comes from a fear of the unknown or an expectation of loss. The front end of an individual's resistance to change is how they perceive the change. The back end is how well they are equipped to deal with the change they expect.

An individual's degree of resistance to change is determined by whether they perceive the change as good or bad, and how severe they expect the impact of the change to be on them. Their ultimate acceptance of the change is a function of how much resistance the person has and the quality of their coping skills and their support system.

If you move an employee's desk six inches, they may not notice or care. Yet if the reason you moved it those six inches was to fit in another worker in an adjacent desk, there may be high resistance to the change. It depends on whether the original employee feels the hiring of an additional employee is a threat to his job or perceives the hiring as bringing in some needed assistance.

A promotion is usually considered a good change. However, an employee who doubts their ability to handle the new job may strongly resist the promotion. They will give you all kinds of reasons for not wanting the promotion, just not the real one.

You might expect a higher-level employee to be less concerned about being laid off because they have savings and investments to support them during a job search. However, the individual may feel they are overextended and that a job search will be long and complicated. Conversely, your concern for a low-income employee being laid off may be unfounded if they have stashed a nest egg in anticipation of the cut.

Your best salesperson may balk at taking on new, high-potential account because they have an irrational feeling that they don't dress well enough.

If you try and bulldoze this resistance, you will fail. [A] The employee whose desk you had to move will develop production problems. [B] The top worker who keeps declining the promotion may quit rather than have to continue making up excuses for turning you down. [C] And the top salesperson's sales may drop to the point that you stop considering them for the new account. [D]

Where does the following sentence best fit?

Instead, you overcome the resistance by defining the change and by getting a mutual understanding.

Read the following passage about the benefits and challenges of remote work and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] The rise of remote work has transformed the modern workplace, offering flexibility and a better work-life balance for employees around the world (Bloom et al., 2015). [II] This trend, accelerated by technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic, allows employees to work from home or any location with internet access (Gajendran & Harrison, 2007). [III] While remote work provides numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that organizations and employees must address to remain productive and engaged. [IV]

One of the main benefits of remote work is increased flexibility. Employees can manage their time more effectively, which often leads to higher job satisfaction and reduced stress. Furthermore, remote work eliminates the need for daily commutes, saving time and reducing transportation expenses. Many employees report feeling more empowered to control their schedules, allowing them to better balance personal and professional responsibilities.

However, remote work also comes with significant challenges. Isolation is a common issue, as employees miss out on face-to-face interactions and team bonding, which are important for mental well-being and collaboration. Studies have shown that prolonged isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness, reducing job satisfaction and affecting mental health (Ozcelik & Barsade, 2018). Additionally, remote workers may struggle to maintain boundaries between work and personal life, leading to overwork and burnout.

To make remote work successful, companies need to implement strategies that support employee well-being and productivity. Providing tools for virtual collaboration, setting clear work-life boundaries, and encouraging regular team check-ins can help mitigate the challenges of remote work. By balancing flexibility with structured support, organizations can create a sustainable remote work environment that benefits both employers and employees (Larson & DeChurch, 2020).

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questionsfrom 23 to 30. 

The job market is evolving rapidly, and while technical expertise remains important, soft skills are increasingly becoming key factors in hiring decisions. Employers often look for candidates with communication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities. These skills not only improve workplace efficiency but also foster better relationships among colleagues. According to a 2022 LinkedIn survey, 92% of recruiters stated that soft skills are as important as, if not more important than, technical skills.

Effective communication is one of the most sought after soft skills. Being able to convey ideas clearly and listen actively contributes to a collaborative work environment. For example, employees who can explain their thoughts effectively during meetings or through written reports tend to drive projects forward successfully. Moreover, good communication prevents misunderstandings, saving time and resources.

Teamwork is another essential skill that employers highly value. In today’s interconnected workspaces, many tasks require collaboration. Successful teams often consist of individuals who can share responsibilities, offer constructive feedback, and adapt to group dynamics. For instance, a software development team needs programmers, designers, and testers to work seamlessly together to deliver a product efficiently.

Problem-solving, meanwhile, allows employees to navigate challenges effectively. This skill involves analyzing a situation, identifying potential solutions, and implementing the best one. Employers appreciate candidates who demonstrate initiative and creativity in resolving issues. For example, when a supply chain disruption occurs, a proactive approach can minimize delays and maintain customer satisfaction.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following advertisment and mark the letter A, B, C and D on your answer sheer to indeicate the option that best fit each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

INSURANCE TELESALES

Do you (1) _______ previous sales experience? Are you (2) _______ from January 6th until the end of March? We are currently looking for someone to deal (3)_______  insurance renewals sales. The role will involve (4)_______ existing customers and asking them if they intend to (5) _______, and if necessary, discuss how we can keep them as a customer. The role is a 3-month fixed term contract. The hours of work will be 8.45am until 5pm Monday to Friday. We are looking for a hard worker (6)_______computer and has a good telephone manner.

Read the following passage about Asia’s culture and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions

Vocational education plays a critical role in modern education systems around the world. Unlike traditional academic routes, it focuses on providing students with practical skills and specialized knowledge that are directly applicable in various industries. For many students, vocational education serves as a gateway to careers in high-demand fields such as healthcare, construction, information technology, and hospitality. This form of education offers students a more hands-on approach compared to traditional academic programs.

One of the key benefits of vocational education is its ability to combat unemployment. By equipping students with marketable skills, they are more likely to find stable employment. Moreover, vocational education plays a crucial role in addressing the skills gap in industries that require specialized technical expertise. For example, sectors like healthcare and technology have witnessed rapid growth in demand for skilled professionals, and vocational programs are essential in producing a workforce capable of meeting this need.

Despite its numerous advantages, vocational education often faces criticism for being perceived as less prestigious than a university degree. Some people argue that academic degrees offer broader career opportunities and greater versatility. However, this perception is gradually changing as more people recognize the value of vocational training. In fact, vocational education not only provides a clear path to employment but also offers long-term career prospects, including the potential for career advancement and higher salaries.

With the constant evolution of technology, vocational education programs are continuously adapting to prepare students for emerging industries and trends. By incorporating the latest technologies and innovations into their curricula, vocational programs ensure that their graduates remain competitive in an ever-changing job market, making vocational education a valuable and future-proof investment for both students and employers alike.

The word prestigious in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6. 

133 TUITION

Do you love children? We need some tutors ___(1)___ students aged 6 and 9 at 133 Duong Ba Trac, Ward 1, District 8 this summer.

● You will work with children full of ___(2)___.

● Good appearance is needed. Don't worry ___(3)___ you have tutored before.

● ___(4)___.

How ___(5)___? Our tutors must provide ___(6)___ IDs and criminal records, and they must pass our rigorous application process. If you want to know more about our process, please visit us at www.hcmc......vn.

Read the following promotion announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that bestfits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12

ANNOUNCEMENT: PROMOTION OF JOHN PATTINSON TO MANAGER

To all staff members,

We are pleased (7) _________ John Pattinson’s promotion from the post of Junior Manager to Manager who came to us from GNDU, Amritsar and(28)_________ part of our organisation for the past 7 years. Over these 7 years, he has held many (9)________ and worked honestly with complete dedication.

With his good experience with us, we are sure he will show up a splendid (10)________. In a manager position, John will head many departments and responsible (11)______ conducting different HR roles.

The company has thought to (12)___________him through  a success party and wish him a great future for his success. So, do join us for this party.

Sincerely,

Your Name

Read the following promotion announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that bestfits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12

ANNOUNCEMENT: PROMOTION OF JOHN PATTINSON TO MANAGER

To all staff members,

We are pleased (7) _________ John Pattinson’s promotion from the post of Junior Manager to Manager who came to us from GNDU, Amritsar and(28)_________ part of our organisation for the past 7 years. Over these 7 years, he has held many (9)________ and worked honestly with complete dedication.

With his good experience with us, we are sure he will show up a splendid (10)________. In a manager position, John will head many departments and responsible (11)______ conducting different HR roles.

The company has thought to (12)___________him through  a success party and wish him a great future for his success. So, do join us for this party.

Sincerely,

Your Name

Read the following leaflet about a new travel platform and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12

BITCOIN TRADING BOOTCAMP FOR BEGINNERS

Are you curious about bitcoin but overpowered by all the complexity?

Fast-Track Learning: We (7) __________  the basics and fast-track your learning, (8) __________   you don’t waste months trying to understand bitcoin on your own. In just (9) __________  weeks, you’ll have a solid grasp of the essentials.
Real-World Skills: Learn directly from (10) __________ professionals, covering everything from understanding chain to making informed trades.

Exclusive Job Opportunity: Complete our program (11)__________, and you’ll be considered for a role with Blocksage Capital.

Who Should Apply:

Beginners with zero experience in bitcoin or finance
Individuals eager to learn a new skill and potentially start a career in bitcoin
Those looking for a side hustle or new career (12) __________  with real growth potential

Read the following passage about Huawei company and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Huawei is a multinational company that makes  telecommunications  parts for  mobile phones , network equipment  and other high-tech  devices . It is the second largest such company in the world. Huawei has its headquarters  in Shenzhen, which became China’s first special economic zone  in 1979.

The Chinese technology company, which was founded  about 20 years ago, has over 100,000 workers in all parts of the world, more than Microsoft.  Most of the company is owned by its  employees .  Huawei started out in the rural  areas in China. In those days most of the telecom contracts  went to  state-owned  Chinese or  foreign  firms. As the company grew, it took hold of urban markets in big Chinese cities and in 1997 it  expanded to other countries.

Today, Huawei is the second biggest manufacturer of telecom equipment, after Ericsson. In 2011,  annual  sales  is expected to be about $12 billion dollars and  likely to get three times as high within the next ten years. Working for Huawei is something many young Chinese engineers and IT workers dream of. The 1.5 square km site  has modern apartments that can be rented, its own hospital, restaurants and bars where employees  can go to in their free time. For Chinese standards workers are well-paid. Although   Huawei has been concentrating  on making telecom parts and whole networks, the company is also looking into other industries in an  attempt to diversify and grow. At Shenzhen  engineers  are experimenting on new forms of video conferencing, a branch  that is expanding rapidly . The Chinese hi-tech giant  is also starting to produce cloud-based  hardware and computers that work  out of the box . 

Even though Huawei is one of the world leaders in producing mobile phone parts it is also pushing into the consumer market with its own  brand  of computers, tablets and smartphones. So far Huawei has failed  to reach  the American market because of security  reasons. The American  government  thinks it has connections  with the Chinese  military and is afraid it will spy  on the American  public 

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about Huawei’s employees?  

Complete each sentence using the correct form of the word in brackets.

The company got all employees (install) ______________________ the new app to support their work.

Read the following passage about career paths and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Choosing a career path is a significant decision that can impact an individual's life in various ways. Many factors influence this decision, including personal interests, skills, and market demand. It's essential to find a career that aligns with one's passions and strengths to ensure long-term satisfaction and success.

One popular career path is in the field of technology. With the rapid advancement of technology, there is a growing demand for professionals with expertise in areas such as software development, cybersecurity, and data analysis. These careers not only offer high salaries but also opportunities for continuous learning and growth.

Another promising field is healthcare. Careers in healthcare, such as nursing, medical research, and healthcare administration, provide a chance to make a meaningful impact on people's lives. The healthcare industry is also known for its job stability and growth potential.

Education is another vital sector that offers rewarding career paths. Teachers, school administrators, and education consultants play a crucial role in shaping the future by educating the next generation. Despite the challenges, careers in education are fulfilling and offer opportunities for professional development.

Entrepreneurship is an alternative career path that attracts many individuals. Starting a business involves risks but also offers the potential for significant rewards. Entrepreneurs have the freedom to innovate and create solutions that can benefit society.

The word "vital" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by:

Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questionsfrom 23 to 30. 

The job market is evolving rapidly, and while technical expertise remains important, soft skills are increasingly becoming key factors in hiring decisions. Employers often look for candidates with communication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities. These skills not only improve workplace efficiency but also foster better relationships among colleagues. According to a 2022 LinkedIn survey, 92% of recruiters stated that soft skills are as important as, if not more important than, technical skills.

Effective communication is one of the most sought after soft skills. Being able to convey ideas clearly and listen actively contributes to a collaborative work environment. For example, employees who can explain their thoughts effectively during meetings or through written reports tend to drive projects forward successfully. Moreover, good communication prevents misunderstandings, saving time and resources.

Teamwork is another essential skill that employers highly value. In today’s interconnected workspaces, many tasks require collaboration. Successful teams often consist of individuals who can share responsibilities, offer constructive feedback, and adapt to group dynamics. For instance, a software development team needs programmers, designers, and testers to work seamlessly together to deliver a product efficiently.

Problem-solving, meanwhile, allows employees to navigate challenges effectively. This skill involves analyzing a situation, identifying potential solutions, and implementing the best one. Employers appreciate candidates who demonstrate initiative and creativity in resolving issues. For example, when a supply chain disruption occurs, a proactive approach can minimize delays and maintain customer satisfaction.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a highly valued soft skill?

Read the following advertisment and mark the letter A, B, C and D on your answer sheer to indeicate the option that best fit each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

INSURANCE TELESALES

Do you (1) _______ previous sales experience? Are you (2) _______ from January 6th until the end of March? We are currently looking for someone to deal (3)_______  insurance renewals sales. The role will involve (4)_______ existing customers and asking them if they intend to (5) _______, and if necessary, discuss how we can keep them as a customer. The role is a 3-month fixed term contract. The hours of work will be 8.45am until 5pm Monday to Friday. We are looking for a hard worker (6)_______computer and has a good telephone manner.

Read the following passage about career paths and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Choosing a career path is a significant decision that can impact an individual's life in various ways. Many factors influence this decision, including personal interests, skills, and market demand. It's essential to find a career that aligns with one's passions and strengths to ensure long-term satisfaction and success.

One popular career path is in the field of technology. With the rapid advancement of technology, there is a growing demand for professionals with expertise in areas such as software development, cybersecurity, and data analysis. These careers not only offer high salaries but also opportunities for continuous learning and growth.

Another promising field is healthcare. Careers in healthcare, such as nursing, medical research, and healthcare administration, provide a chance to make a meaningful impact on people's lives. The healthcare industry is also known for its job stability and growth potential.

Education is another vital sector that offers rewarding career paths. Teachers, school administrators, and education consultants play a crucial role in shaping the future by educating the next generation. Despite the challenges, careers in education are fulfilling and offer opportunities for professional development.

Entrepreneurship is an alternative career path that attracts many individuals. Starting a business involves risks but also offers the potential for significant rewards. Entrepreneurs have the freedom to innovate and create solutions that can benefit society.

In which paragraph does the writer explore the role of educators?

Read the following passage about the benefits and challenges of remote work and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] The rise of remote work has transformed the modern workplace, offering flexibility and a better work-life balance for employees around the world (Bloom et al., 2015). [II] This trend, accelerated by technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic, allows employees to work from home or any location with internet access (Gajendran & Harrison, 2007). [III] While remote work provides numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that organizations and employees must address to remain productive and engaged. [IV]

One of the main benefits of remote work is increased flexibility. Employees can manage their time more effectively, which often leads to higher job satisfaction and reduced stress. Furthermore, remote work eliminates the need for daily commutes, saving time and reducing transportation expenses. Many employees report feeling more empowered to control their schedules, allowing them to better balance personal and professional responsibilities.

However, remote work also comes with significant challenges. Isolation is a common issue, as employees miss out on face-to-face interactions and team bonding, which are important for mental well-being and collaboration. Studies have shown that prolonged isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness, reducing job satisfaction and affecting mental health (Ozcelik & Barsade, 2018). Additionally, remote workers may struggle to maintain boundaries between work and personal life, leading to overwork and burnout.

To make remote work successful, companies need to implement strategies that support employee well-being and productivity. Providing tools for virtual collaboration, setting clear work-life boundaries, and encouraging regular team check-ins can help mitigate the challenges of remote work. By balancing flexibility with structured support, organizations can create a sustainable remote work environment that benefits both employers and employees (Larson & DeChurch, 2020).

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, Cor D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

School Career Orientation: Discover Your Future!

Join us for an exciting School Career Orientation designed to help you explore various career ___(7)___! Whether you’re just starting to think about your future or ready to make decisions, this event has something for everyone.

What to Expect:

• ___(8)___ Activities: ___(9)___ interactive workshops where you can experience different professions firsthand.

• Meet Professionals: Connect with industry experts who can share insights and answer your questions.

• Explore Options: Learn about various career paths and find out how to pursue ___(10)___ field of interest.

Don’t miss this opportunity to gain valuable knowledge ___(11)___ your future success. With a ___(12)___ simple steps, you can take charge of your career journey!

Read the following passage about the Youth unemployment and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

    [I] Youth unemployment has become a pressing issue in Vietnam in recent years, particularly among graduates. [II] As the economy continues to grow, the influx of young people entering the workforce has outpaced the availability of suitable jobs. [III] Various factors contribute to this challenge, leading to significant consequences for both the economy and society. [IV]

    Many factors push young people into unemployment. For instance, a mismatch between education and job market demands often leaves graduates without the skills that employers require. Furthermore, the competitive job market means that even qualified candidates struggle to secure positions. In contrast, there are opportunities that attract youth to urban centers, where industries are more concentrated, providing potential access to better employment prospects and a higher standard of living.

    The impacts of youth unemployment are far-reaching. First, high unemployment rates can lead to increased poverty levels among young adults, which in turn affects their overall well-being and mental health. Additionally, the lack of stable jobs can result in social unrest, as frustrated youth may engage in protests or other forms of activism. Finally, this phenomenon can lead to a brain drain, where skilled young people migrate abroad in search of better opportunities, further depleting the local talent pool.

    Addressing youth unemployment is a complex challenge that requires a comprehensive understanding of its causes and effects. By implementing effective educational programs, fostering entrepreneurship, and encouraging job creation in various sectors, Vietnam can better support its youth, providing them with opportunities for fulfilling careers and contributing to the economy without sacrificing social stability.

Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

Consequently, an increasing number of young people are struggling to find jobs that match their skills.

Read the following passage about the benefits and challenges of remote work and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] The rise of remote work has transformed the modern workplace, offering flexibility and a better work-life balance for employees around the world (Bloom et al., 2015). [II] This trend, accelerated by technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic, allows employees to work from home or any location with internet access (Gajendran & Harrison, 2007). [III] While remote work provides numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that organizations and employees must address to remain productive and engaged. [IV]

One of the main benefits of remote work is increased flexibility. Employees can manage their time more effectively, which often leads to higher job satisfaction and reduced stress. Furthermore, remote work eliminates the need for daily commutes, saving time and reducing transportation expenses. Many employees report feeling more empowered to control their schedules, allowing them to better balance personal and professional responsibilities.

However, remote work also comes with significant challenges. Isolation is a common issue, as employees miss out on face-to-face interactions and team bonding, which are important for mental well-being and collaboration. Studies have shown that prolonged isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness, reducing job satisfaction and affecting mental health (Ozcelik & Barsade, 2018). Additionally, remote workers may struggle to maintain boundaries between work and personal life, leading to overwork and burnout.

To make remote work successful, companies need to implement strategies that support employee well-being and productivity. Providing tools for virtual collaboration, setting clear work-life boundaries, and encouraging regular team check-ins can help mitigate the challenges of remote work. By balancing flexibility with structured support, organizations can create a sustainable remote work environment that benefits both employers and employees (Larson & DeChurch, 2020).

The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to ____.

Read the following passage about managing change and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40. 

Managing change means managing people's fear. Change is natural and good, but people's reaction to change is unpredictable and can be irrational. It can be managed if done right.

Nothing is as upsetting to your people as change. Nothing has greater potential to cause failures, loss of production, or falling quality of work. Yet nothing is as important to the survival of your organization as change. History is full of examples of organizations that failed to change and are now extinct. The secret to successfully managing change, from the perspective of the employees, is definition and understanding.

Resistance to change comes from a fear of the unknown or an expectation of loss. The front end of an individual's resistance to change is how they perceive the change. The back end is how well they are equipped to deal with the change they expect.

An individual's degree of resistance to change is determined by whether they perceive the change as good or bad, and how severe they expect the impact of the change to be on them. Their ultimate acceptance of the change is a function of how much resistance the person has and the quality of their coping skills and their support system.

If you move an employee's desk six inches, they may not notice or care. Yet if the reason you moved it those six inches was to fit in another worker in an adjacent desk, there may be high resistance to the change. It depends on whether the original employee feels the hiring of an additional employee is a threat to his job or perceives the hiring as bringing in some needed assistance.

A promotion is usually considered a good change. However, an employee who doubts their ability to handle the new job may strongly resist the promotion. They will give you all kinds of reasons for not wanting the promotion, just not the real one.

You might expect a higher-level employee to be less concerned about being laid off because they have savings and investments to support them during a job search. However, the individual may feel they are overextended and that a job search will be long and complicated. Conversely, your concern for a low-income employee being laid off may be unfounded if they have stashed a nest egg in anticipation of the cut.

Your best salesperson may balk at taking on new, high-potential account because they have an irrational feeling that they don't dress well enough.

If you try and bulldoze this resistance, you will fail. [A] The employee whose desk you had to move will develop production problems. [B] The top worker who keeps declining the promotion may quit rather than have to continue making up excuses for turning you down. [C] And the top salesperson's sales may drop to the point that you stop considering them for the new account. [D]

The word “perceive” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.