You will hear five people talking about the most important inventions of the 20th century. Listen and choose the reasons they give for their choices. Question 36 to 40.

The Internet ________.

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Achieving set goals boosts confidence and encourages teenagers to continue working towards new and more challenging goals.

b. It is important for teenagers to have goal-setting skills as it helps them stay organized and focused on their future.

c. Furthermore, goal-setting enhances motivation, as it provides a clear direction and purpose.

d. By setting clear goals, they can plan their time more effectively and avoid unnecessary distractions.

e. This allows them to prioritize important tasks and achieve their objectives more easily.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

A person who leads an orchestra is a(n)________.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

If it hadn’t been for your support, I ________ the project on time.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Risk-Taking: An Important Part of Adolescence

1. Taking risks and trying new experiences are normal and essential parts of adolescence. These behaviors allow teenagers to explore their identity, develop new skills, and prepare for independence. This natural curiosity helps them step out of their comfort zones, enabling personal growth and learning.

2. During adolescence, the brain undergoes significant changes. It forms new connections, removes unused pathways, and strengthens important ones based on experiences. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, plays a key role in these changes. Dopamine is not only responsible for the brain's reward system but also supports learning and motivation by focusing attention on important events or outcomes.

3. When adolescents experience uncertain or surprising rewards, their brains release extra dopamine. This signals to the brain that the experience is important and needs attention. This process helps shape neural connections and supports learning, making risk-taking an effective way for adolescents to adapt and grow.

4. Adolescents release more dopamine than children or adults, making them more sensitive to rewards and new experiences. While not all teenagers enjoy taking risks, many are naturally drawn to activities with uncertain outcomes. Dopamine also helps with attention and decision-making, enabling adolescents to manage complex tasks as effectively as adults by their mid-teens.

5. Social situations also impact risk-taking. Teenagers are more likely to take risks when peers are present, as the rewards feel greater. Peer influence can also inspire positive risks, such as supporting others or standing up for meaningful causes. With proper guidance, adolescent risk-taking can lead to growth and success.

In which paragraph does the author make a comparison about the effects of dopamine?

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Mom: Believe in yourself; you have the ability to make the right decision.

b. Son: It's hard to figure out what's best for me.

c. Mom: I know it's a big decision, but you're strong enough to handle it.

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

The Developing Adolescent Brain

During adolescence, the brain experiences significant changes. This time is very important for cognitive development. The prefrontal cortex, (18) _______, starts to mature during this stage of life.

Adolescents often take more risks or act on impulse compared to adults (19) _______ . Such behavior is common for teenagers as they are still developing the ability to make decisions and consider the consequences of their actions. (20) _______ .

Hormones also affect how adolescents think and behave. (21) _______ . Adolescents may react more strongly than adults because of these shifts. For example, teenagers may feel more stressed during exams. To deal with this stress, it is important to practice managing emotions and making thoughtful decisions. (22) _______ helps them improve decision-making skills and emotional awareness as they grow older.

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Additionally, setting priorities helps reduce stress by allowing students to concentrate on what truly matters, preventing them from feeling overwhelmed by unnecessary tasks.

b. By focusing on their priorities, students can better manage their time, making sure they have enough time for both schoolwork and personal activities.

c. With a clear sense of direction, students can make wiser decisions and stay motivated.

d. It is important for high-school students to set priorities in their lives to ensure they achieve their goals.

e. For instance, students who prioritize their studies can perform better in exams and have a clear path to their future careers.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The art form of the opera was first developed in the Italian city of Florence during the 1590s. At the time a group of composers and artists known as the Camerata were interested in injecting story telling into music. They were inspired by the belief that the great tragic plays of ancient Greece had been sung rather than simply acted. Another motivation may have been the desire of the composers to find an alternative to the production of music for the Church, which they found rigid, conventional, and oppressive. This is supported by the selection of material for the opera. Early composers took their material from the mythologies of ancient Rome and Greece, which was full of plot twists, betrayals, and love affairs. From the very beginning, the sobriety of the Church had little place in opera.

Opera was an almost immediate success in Italy. Composers quickly embraced the new art form for the opportunities and creative freedom it offered. Wealthy nobles supported the opera because its elaborate and expensive performances allowed them to display their wealth as well as their sophistication. The early years of opera were marked primarily by experimentation. Since it was a new art form, everything was new and untested. Early composers experimented with the structure, subject material, and organization of the opera. They tried different placements for the orchestra, as well as different sizes. By the early 1600s, however, the format of the opera was approaching what we know today.

It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that _______

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

✰ Helping Teens Learn Responsibility

Guide your teenager to thrive in the “real world”

What is Responsibility?

Responsibility means being accountable for actions, words, and promises. It helps teenagers build trust with (7) _______ and prepares them for adult life.

Why It Matters

✔ (8) _______ trust: Responsible teens show (9) _______ they are capable and dependable.

✔ Learn from mistakes: Owning up to errors helps teens grow and improve.

✔ Build independence: Responsibility is the first step (10) _______ life on their own.

How Parents Can Help

✔ Start small. Assign simple tasks like managing a weekly chore or organizing their schedule.

✔ Talk about accountability. Discuss the importance of admitting mistakes and keeping promises.

✔ Encourage (11) _______. Being responsible regularly shows real growth.

Suggestion: Motivate your teen by celebrating their successes, (12) _______ small.

Helping your teen become responsible today will prepare them for a brighter tomorrow!

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. It provides students with an opportunity to earn additional income, which can be used to support their education or daily living expenses.

b. Part-time jobs also equip students with valuable practical experience, such as problem-solving and effective communication.

c. This not only reduces financial burdens but also encourages responsibility in managing finances.

d. Taking on part-time work while studying offers significant benefits.

e. These skills are highly beneficial for their future careers and personal growth.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

          The art form of the opera was first developed in the Italian city of Florence during the 1590s. At the time a group of composers and artists known as the Camerata were interested in injecting storytelling into music. They were inspired by the belief that the great tragic plays of ancient Greece had been sung rather than simply acted. Another motivation may have been the desire of the composers to find an alternative to the production of music for the Church, which they found rigid, conventional, and oppressive. This is supported by the selection of material for the opera. Early composers took their material from the mythologies of ancient Rome and Greece, which was full of plot twists, betrayals, and love affairs. From the very beginning, the sobriety of the Church had little place in opera.

          Opera was an almost immediate success in Italy. Composers quickly embraced the new art form for the opportunities and creative freedom it offered. Wealthy nobles supported the opera because its elaborate and expensive performances allowed them to display their wealth as well as their sophistication. The early years of opera were marked primarily by experimentation. Since it was a new art form, everything was new and untested. Early composers experimented with the structure, subject material, and organization of the opera. They tried different placements for the orchestra, as well as different sizes. By the early 1600s, however, the format of the opera was approaching what we know today.

The underlined word “them” in the 2nd paragraph refers to _______.

Read the following advertisement/ announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your  answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.

FREE ADMISSION FOR CHILDREN UNDER 10 AT HANOI ZOO DURING TET

Dear Visitors,

In celebration of Lunar New Year, we _______ (13)  to offer complimentary admission for children under 10 years old to Hanoi Zoo. From 1/1 to 10/1 on Lunar Calendar, families can enjoy a day of fun and learning at our zoo without any entrance _______ (14) for young children.

This special promotion aims to create memorable experiences for families during the festive season and encourage children to connect with nature and wildlife. Bring your little ones to explore the diverse animal species, enjoy educational activities, and create lasting memories together.

Don't miss this opportunity to celebrate Tet at Hanoi Zoo with your family. We look forward to welcoming you!

_______ (15) you have any questions, please contact  at 0915………..

Read the following advertisement/ announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your  answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.

FREE ADMISSION FOR CHILDREN UNDER 10 AT HANOI ZOO DURING TET

Dear Visitors,

In celebration of Lunar New Year, we _______ (13)  to offer complimentary admission for children under 10 years old to Hanoi Zoo. From 1/1 to 10/1 on Lunar Calendar, families can enjoy a day of fun and learning at our zoo without any entrance _______ (14) for young children.

This special promotion aims to create memorable experiences for families during the festive season and encourage children to connect with nature and wildlife. Bring your little ones to explore the diverse animal species, enjoy educational activities, and create lasting memories together.

Don't miss this opportunity to celebrate Tet at Hanoi Zoo with your family. We look forward to welcoming you!

_______ (15) you have any questions, please contact  at 0915………..

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

✰ Helping Teens Learn Responsibility

Guide your teenager to thrive in the “real world”

What is Responsibility?

Responsibility means being accountable for actions, words, and promises. It helps teenagers build trust with (7) _______ and prepares them for adult life.

Why It Matters

✔ (8) _______ trust: Responsible teens show (9) _______ they are capable and dependable.

✔ Learn from mistakes: Owning up to errors helps teens grow and improve.

✔ Build independence: Responsibility is the first step (10) _______ life on their own.

How Parents Can Help

✔ Start small. Assign simple tasks like managing a weekly chore or organizing their schedule.

✔ Talk about accountability. Discuss the importance of admitting mistakes and keeping promises.

✔ Encourage (11) _______. Being responsible regularly shows real growth.

Suggestion: Motivate your teen by celebrating their successes, (12) _______ small.

Helping your teen become responsible today will prepare them for a brighter tomorrow!

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The art form of the opera was first developed in the Italian city of Florence during the 1590s. At the time a group of composers and artists known as the Camerata were interested in injecting story telling into music. They were inspired by the belief that the great tragic plays of ancient Greece had been sung rather than simply acted. Another motivation may have been the desire of the composers to find an alternative to the production of music for the Church, which they found rigid, conventional, and oppressive. This is supported by the selection of material for the opera. Early composers took their material from the mythologies of ancient Rome and Greece, which was full of plot twists, betrayals, and love affairs. From the very beginning, the sobriety of the Church had little place in opera.

Opera was an almost immediate success in Italy. Composers quickly embraced the new art form for the opportunities and creative freedom it offered. Wealthy nobles supported the opera because its elaborate and expensive performances allowed them to display their wealth as well as their sophistication. The early years of opera were marked primarily by experimentation. Since it was a new art form, everything was new and untested. Early composers experimented with the structure, subject material, and organization of the opera. They tried different placements for the orchestra, as well as different sizes. By the early 1600s, however, the format of the opera was approaching what we know today.

The underlined word “injecting” in the 1st paragraph is closest in meaning to _______

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Risk-Taking: An Important Part of Adolescence

1. Taking risks and trying new experiences are normal and essential parts of adolescence. These behaviors allow teenagers to explore their identity, develop new skills, and prepare for independence. This natural curiosity helps them step out of their comfort zones, enabling personal growth and learning.

2. During adolescence, the brain undergoes significant changes. It forms new connections, removes unused pathways, and strengthens important ones based on experiences. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, plays a key role in these changes. Dopamine is not only responsible for the brain's reward system but also supports learning and motivation by focusing attention on important events or outcomes.

3. When adolescents experience uncertain or surprising rewards, their brains release extra dopamine. This signals to the brain that the experience is important and needs attention. This process helps shape neural connections and supports learning, making risk-taking an effective way for adolescents to adapt and grow.

4. Adolescents release more dopamine than children or adults, making them more sensitive to rewards and new experiences. While not all teenagers enjoy taking risks, many are naturally drawn to activities with uncertain outcomes. Dopamine also helps with attention and decision-making, enabling adolescents to manage complex tasks as effectively as adults by their mid-teens.

5. Social situations also impact risk-taking. Teenagers are more likely to take risks when peers are present, as the rewards feel greater. Peer influence can also inspire positive risks, such as supporting others or standing up for meaningful causes. With proper guidance, adolescent risk-taking can lead to growth and success.

The word undergoes in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by __________.

Read the following passage about Technology and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

HOW TO HANDLE YOUR PARENTS

Adolescence is a challenging phase for both parents and teenagers. (18)______. Physically, as a child who was once dependent, you are now transforming into an independent young adult. Emotionally and socially, this period brings profound shifts in freedom, privacy, and decision-making.(19)______. Because you used to be most happy in the company of your parents, now you want to spend some more time on your own. In addition, decision-making, (20)______, is now something you wish to take control of.  Hating being told what to do all the time,(21)_____. You see the world differently, develop your own views and your own sense of right and wrong. You feel you have all the answers while adults don't. These changes, while normal, (22)_____.To maintain harmony, show your parents you still value them, agree on boundaries, prove your responsibility, and most importantly, keep communication open. 

Read the following passage about Technology and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

HOW TO HANDLE YOUR PARENTS

Adolescence is a challenging phase for both parents and teenagers. (18)______. Physically, as a child who was once dependent, you are now transforming into an independent young adult. Emotionally and socially, this period brings profound shifts in freedom, privacy, and decision-making.(19)______. Because you used to be most happy in the company of your parents, now you want to spend some more time on your own. In addition, decision-making, (20)______, is now something you wish to take control of.  Hating being told what to do all the time,(21)_____. You see the world differently, develop your own views and your own sense of right and wrong. You feel you have all the answers while adults don't. These changes, while normal, (22)_____.To maintain harmony, show your parents you still value them, agree on boundaries, prove your responsibility, and most importantly, keep communication open. 

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

Apprenticeships: A Pathway for Adolescents

Adolescence is often seen as a challenging stage in life, but this idea is shaped by modern systems. (18) _______. Confined to restrictive school systems and isolated from real-life experiences, adolescents may feel frustration, apathy, and anger. (19) _______. In many cultures, teenagers are capable of young adults who contribute to their communities.

Dr. Robert Epstein explains that modern schooling and restrictions on youth labor are outdated. These systems were created during the Industrial Revolution and do not fit today's world. (20) _______, adolescents often feel disconnected from adult roles. However, teenagers can succeed (21) _______.

One solution is expanding apprenticeships. These programs, praised by leaders like President Trump, give teenagers practical experience and skills. (22) _______, creating a pathway for career success and personal growth.

It is important to support adolescents by creating opportunities for them to develop naturally. Apprenticeships offer a formal pathway to success and a better connection to the adult world.

Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. I believe parents should allow teenagers to make their own decisions as it supports their development.

b. Furthermore, allowing teenagers to make decisions helps them build confidence and independence.

c. When teenagers make choices, they learn about responsibility and the outcomes of their actions.

d. For instance, deciding how to spend their time teaches them to balance different activities.

e. These skills are important as they prepare for the future, where they will need to make important decisions on their own.