Dựa theo số lượng đơn phân, người ta chia carbohydrate thành bao nhiêu loại?

Đâu là vai trò của hô hấp đối với đời sống thực vật?

Read the following passage about urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Sperm whales are fascinating creatures. [II] They possess the biggest brain of any species, six times larger than a human’s, which scientists believe may have evolved to support intelligent, rational behavior. [III] They’re also highly social and capable of making decisions as a group. [IV] But there’s also a lot we don’t know about them, including what they may be saying to one another when communicating with a system of short clicks, known as codas.

Now, new research published in Nature Communications today suggests that sperm whales’ communication is actually much more expressive and complicated than was previously thought. A team of researchers led by Pratyusha Sharma at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL) working with Project CETI, a nonprofit focused on using AI to understand whales, used statistical models to analyze whale codas and managed to identify a structure to their language that’s similar to features of human language. Their findings represent a tool future researchers could use to decipher not just the structure but the actual meaning of whale sounds.

For the study, the researchers examined recordings of 8,719 codas from around 60 whales collected by the Dominica Sperm Whale Project between 2005 and 2018, using a mix of AI algorithms for pattern recognition and classification. The AI then turned the clicks within the coda data into a new kind of data visualization called an exchange plot, revealing that some codas featured extra clicks. These extra clicks, combined with variations in the duration of their calls, appeared in interactions between multiple whales, which they say suggests that codas can carry more information and possess a more complicated internal structure than we had previously believed.

The team’s next step is to build language models of whale calls and to examine how those calls relate to different behaviors. They also plan to work on a more universal system that could be used across species, says Sharma. Taking a communication system we know nothing about, working out how it encodes and transmits information, and slowly beginning to understand what’s being communicated could have many purposes beyond whales. “I think we’re just starting to understand some of these things,” she says. “We’re very much at the beginning, but we are slowly making our way through.”

Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

They demonstrate a high level of sociability and are capable of collective decision – making.

Nhận định nào dưới đây là nói về nghĩa vụ của công dân đối với  ngân sách nhà nước?

Dãy bit nào sau đây là biểu diễn nhị phân của số 31 trong hệ thập phân?

Cho cấp số cộng \(\left( {{u}_{n}} \right)\) biết: \(\left\{ \begin{array}{*{35}{l}}   {{u}_{1}}+{{u}_{5}}=6  \\   {{u}_{10}}-{{u}_{2}}=8  \\\end{array} \right.\).

Ta có công sai của cấp số cộng \(\left( {{u}_{n}} \right)\) là:

Read the following passage about How Failures Led to Breakthroughs and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Many important discoveries happened because of mistakes and unexpected accidents. Alexander Fleming found penicillin when he left his laboratory messy before going on holiday. After vacation, he saw mold growing on his experiment plate. Fleming noticed this mold killed bacteria around it very effectively. This fortunate accident later saved millions of lives around the world. Scientists call finding valuable things by chance "serendipity," which happens often in research.

The Post-it Note began as a mistake that seemed useless at first. In 1968, Spencer Silver tried making a strong glue for 3M company but created a weak one instead that didn't stick permanently. Nobody knew what to do with this disappointing result for several years. Then his colleague Arthur Fry realized this "failure" could make perfect bookmarks that wouldn't damage pages when removed. This weak adhesive eventually became one of the most popular office products worldwide, changing how people work.

In cooking, many favorite foods came from kitchen errors and quick substitutions. Ruth Wakefield invented chocolate chip cookies when she ran out of baker's chocolate and used broken pieces of semi-sweet chocolate instead. She thought they would melt completely in the dough, but they kept their shape during baking. Potato chips were created when chef George Crum made extremely thin potatoes to annoy a customer who repeatedly complained about thick fries. Surprisingly, the customer loved them and ordered more!

These fascinating stories teach us that mistakes can lead to new opportunities and unexpected innovations. Thomas Edison said about his many failed light bulb attempts, "I haven't failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that don't work." This positive attitude shows we should see errors as valuable learning chances. Smart people don't fear making mistakes in their work; they fear missing opportunities to learn from them and discover something amazing.

The word “fortunate” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

Có bao nhiêu giá trị nguyên dương của tham số \(m\) để phương trình \(m^{2} \ln \left(\frac{x}{e}\right)=(2-m) \ln x-4\) có nghiệm thuộc vào đoạn \(\left[\frac{1}{e} ; 1\right]\).

Trong mạch trừ, với các giá trị điện trở R₁ = R₃ = 1 kΩ và R₂ = R₄ = 5 kΩ được biểu diễn như hình. Các giá trị điện trở phù hợp và hai nguồn điện áp đầu vào, tín hiệu vào không đảo trừ tín hiệu vào đảo được xác định bởi các điện trở của mạch chính xác.

Ở mô hình chăn nuôi lợn gắn chip, mỗi con lợn nái được gắn số lượng chíp là:

Có bao nhiêu nguyên tố dinh dưỡng khoáng thiết yếu đối với sự sinh trưởng của mọi loài cây?

Read the following passage about Artificial Intelligence and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are designed to think, learn, and adapt. AI is applied in various fields, including healthcare, education, transportation, and entertainment. Technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics enable AI systems to perform tasks like diagnosing diseases, personalizing education, and even driving autonomous vehicles.

One significant benefit of AI is its ability to enhance efficiency and accuracy. For example, AI-powered systems can analyze vast amounts of data faster than humans, identifying patterns and trends that might otherwise go unnoticed. In healthcare, this means earlier diagnosis and improved treatment plans. In transportation, AI contributes to safer roads with the development of self-driving cars.

Despite these advantages, AI poses several challenges. Concerns include ethical issues, such as bias in algorithms, and the potential loss of jobs due to automation. Cybersecurity risks are also heightened as AI systems become more integrated into critical infrastructure. Addressing these challenges requires transparency, regulation, and collaboration among stakeholders.

To maximize its benefits, society must approach AI development responsibly. Governments, private organizations, and researchers are working together to create ethical guidelines and ensure that AI serves humanity’s best interests. As AI continues to evolve, it holds the promise of transforming the way we live and work.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer.

Global Issues: Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment

Gender equality means that men and women have equal power and equal opportunities for financial independence, education, and personal development. Women's empowerment is a critical aspect of achieving gender equality. It includes increasing a woman's sense of self-worth, her decision-making power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power and control over her own life inside and outside the home, and her ability to effect change. Yet gender issues are not focused on women alone, but on the relationship between men and women in society. The actions and attitudes of men and boys play an essential role in achieving gender equality.

Education is a key area of focus. Although the world is making progress in achieving gender parity in education, girls still make up a higher percentage of out-of-school children than boys. Approximately one quarter of girls in the developing world do not attend school. Typically, families with limited means who cannot afford costs such as school fees, uniforms, and supplies for all of their children will prioritize education for their sons. Families may also rely on girls' labor for household chores, carrying water, and childcare, leaving limited time for schooling. But prioritizing girls' education provides perhaps the single highest return on investment in the developing world. An educated girl is more likely to postpone marriage, raise a smaller family, have healthier children, and send her own children to school. She has more opportunities to earn an income and to participate in political processes, and she is less likely to become infected with HIV.

Women's health and safety is another important area. HIV/AIDS is becoming an increasingly impactful issue for women. This can be related to women having fewer opportunities for health education, unequal power in sexual partnership, or as a result of gender-based violence. Maternal health is also an issue of specific concern. In many countries, women have limited access to prenatal and infant care, and are more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and childbirth. This is a critical concern in countries where girls marry and have children before they are ready; often well before the age of 18. Quality maternal health care can provide an important entry point for information and services that empower mothers as informed decision-makers concerning their own health and the health of their children.

A final area of focus in attaining gender equality is women's economic and political empowerment. Though women comprise more than 50% of the world's population, they only own 1% of the world's wealth. Throughout the world, women and girls perform long hours of unpaid domestic work. In some places, women still lack rights to own land or to inherit property, obtain access to credit, earn income, or to move up in their workplace, free from job discrimination. At all levels, including at home and in the public arena, women are widely underrepresented as decision-makers. In legislatures around the world, women are outnumbered 4 to 1, yet women's political participation is crucial for achieving gender equality and genuine democracy.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to “empowerment” as used in the passage?

Xác định: Đâu là yếu tố ảnh hưởng trong quá trình thiết kế kĩ thuật?

Khi gọi hàm f(1, 2, 3, 4), khi định nghĩa hàm f có bao nhiêu tham số?

Hình ảnh nào là hình ảnh nằm trong tâm tưởng của nhân vật trữ tình?

Trong thịt, cá, trứng, sữa có nhiều chất gì?

Bản kế hoạch về thu chi ngân sách nhằm thực hiện một mục tiêu tài chính trong một thời gian ngắn (dưới 3 tháng) gọi là kế hoạch tài chính cá nhân gì?

Chiến thằng Cầu Giấy lần thứ hai của nhân dân ta (1883) là sự kết hợp chiến đấu giữa đội quân của

Hệ thống chính trị Việt Nam được tổ chức và hoạt động theo những nguyên tắc nào?