Khi lượng nước trong cơ thể giảm thì sẽ dẫn đến hiện tượng nào?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Who are you?

On 6 June 2011, the media reported the kidnapping of a female Syrian-American blogger called Amina Arraf. Regarded as a daring political rebel, the 35-year-old had gained popularity for her blogs protesting the lack of freedom in Syria. Yet, only two days later, it was discovered that Amina had never existed. She was a fictional character created by Tom MacMaster, a forty-year-old American PhD student at the University of Edinburgh.

MacMaster's invention is an example of sock puppetry: the use of false identities to deceive others. (I). The false identity is known as a sock puppet, and its creator, a puppet master. (II). MacMaster created Amina to express his views on Middle Eastern affairs without offending other Americans. (III). Writing as Amina gave him the authority to say what he wanted. (IV).  

At the turn of the millennium, Debbie Swenson created Kaycee Nicole, a fictional teenage girl suffering from terminal cancer. Her blog, Living Colours, described Kaycee’s struggle, attracting millions of readers. When Kaycee 'died' on 14 May 2001, her fans were devastated. Their distress turned to anger when they discovered that Kaycee was not real. Swenson had developed the character to gain attention and sympathy.

While Amina and Kaycee were used to meet their creators' needs, other identities have been invented for profit. American gun advocate John Lott made up a fake student, Mary Rosh, to defend his writing online and give him positive reviews. Mystery writer RJ Ellory fabricated a team of sock puppets to praise his own books and tear into those of his rivals. British historian Orlando Figes lost credibility when he had to publicly apologise for doing the same.

Yet none of these stories compare to large-scale sock puppetry today. The New York City Police Department has false identities on social media to catch criminals. The US military is believed to use sock puppets to track potential terrorists. It is clear that the internet is a minefield today and we all have to step very carefully in order not to get hurt.

Which of the following is OPPOSITE in meaning to "fictional"?

Với một tụ điện xác định, nếu hiệu điện thế giữa hai đầu tụ tăng 2 lần thì năng lượng điện trường của tụ

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Judges travel all round America ______ search of the best singers and bring them to Hollywood.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions:

            For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

            One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide - a key pollutant - and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.

            Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.

            Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money.

            In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment.

Question 37: Using the information in paragraph 2 as a guide, it can be inferred that ______.

Nội dung nào sau đây không thuộc ý nghĩa của việc lập kế hoạch tài chính cá nhân?

Điện tích của một electron có giá trị bằng bao nhiêu?

Có mấy biện pháp cải tạo đất mặn?

Hoocmôn sinh trưởng (GH) được sản sinh ra ở đâu?

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing - the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash "carbon- neutral" or "net-zero" across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched.

Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell "carbon-neutral" flights, filling stations boast about "net-zero" fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels.

The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for "green" paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated.

Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade-and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions-is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.

(Adapted from www.greenpeace.org.uk)

What challenge do regulators face in monitoring greenwashing claims?

Cho hai đường thẳng \(d_{1}: m x+y=m+1\) và \(d_{2}: x+m y=2\).

Khi \(m=2\), góc giữa hai đường thẳng xấp xỉ bằng:

Mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?

Khi sử dụng các thiết bị điện trong phòng thí nghiệm Vật lí chúng ta cần lưu ý điều gì?

Một trong những mục tiêu của khu vực hóa kinh tế là

Cho các biến cố \(A\) và \(B\) thoả mãn \(P(A)=0,45\); \(P(B)=0,75\) và \(P(A\cap \overline {B})=0,3\). Khi đó \(P(A\mid B)\) bằng:

Cho biết những phát biểu dưới đây là đúng hay sai.

Thành phần chính của kẹo mạch nha là

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.

The concept of project farming, where farmers come together to collaborate on large-scale agricultural projects, has gained significant traction, and modern technology keeps this collaboration on track. Advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, drones, and data analytics are used to optimise agricultural practices. Additionally, the collected real- time data on soil conditions, weather patterns, and plant growth enables farmers to accelerate the decision-making process that maximises productivity while minimising resource wastage.

GPS technology allows farmers to precisely map out their fields and create customised planting plans. This ensures that seeds are sown at optimal locations based on soil characteristics and previous yield data. By avoiding areas with poor fertility, farmers can increase their overall crop yield. Camera traps provide advance warnings of insects, so farmers do not have to treat the whole field. This, therefore, helps curb chemical runoff and save money for every party involved in the project.

Technology also plays a vital role in optimising irrigation practices for sustainable agriculture. Specialised equipment reports dryness hour by hour, and weather apps forecast rain for the week ahead. Automated valves give each zone exactly the water it needs and pause when clouds are approaching. This cuts pumping costs and protects groundwater while keeping the crop healthy. On dry continents, such savings keep projects economically viable.

The digital trail does not stop at the farm gate. Cloud platforms let project farmers, processors, and truck drivers input harvest weights, storage temperatures, and delivery times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can trust it. Analytic tools combine seasons of records to forecast demand, spot price opportunities, and mark weak points in the workflow. This allows project farmers to anticipate market demand, exploit resource allocation, and plan for potential challenges.

(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? 

Cho hai tập hợp \(A\) và \(B\) được minh họa bằng biểu đồ Ven như hình vẽ:

Khi đó tập hợp \(C=A\cup B\) là

Phương án nào sau đây nêu đúng chi phí sử dụng dịch vụ lưu trữ trực tuyến đối với người đăng kí loại tài khoản thông thường?