Hai thanh ray bằng kim loại OA, OB nối với nhau tại O. Thanh kim loại mn vuông góc với OA chuyển động thẳng đều ra xa điểm O với tốc độ 2 m/s. Ban đầu hai điểm tiếp xúc giữa thanh mn với hai thanh OA; OB cách nhau l0 = 1m. Hệ thống được đặt trong một từ trường đều có cám ứng từ B = 0,1T như hình vẽ. Giả sử điện trở khung dây không đổi và bằng 2Ω trong suốt quá trình thanh mn chuyển động.
Hai thanh ray bằng kim loại OA, OB nối với nhau tại O. Thanh kim loại mn vuông góc với OA chuyển động thẳng đều ra xa điểm O với tốc độ 2 m/s. Ban đầu hai điểm tiếp xúc giữa thanh mn với hai thanh OA; OB cách nhau l0 = 1m. Hệ thống được đặt trong một từ trường đều có cám ứng từ B = 0,1T như hình vẽ. Giả sử điện trở khung dây không đổi và bằng 2Ω trong suốt quá trình thanh mn chuyển động.
Hai thanh ray bằng kim loại OA, OB nối với nhau tại O. Thanh kim loại mn vuông góc với OA chuyển động thẳng đều ra xa điểm O với tốc độ 2 m/s. Ban đầu hai điểm tiếp xúc giữa thanh mn với hai thanh OA; OB cách nhau l0 = 1m. Hệ thống được đặt trong một từ trường đều có cám ứng từ B = 0,1T như hình vẽ. Giả sử điện trở khung dây không đổi và bằng 2Ω trong suốt quá trình thanh mn chuyển động.
Dòng điện cảm ứng xuất hiện trong khung dây có chiều cùng chiều từ n đến m.
Từ thông qua mạch thay đổi do sự biến thiên của diện tích khung dây.
Suất điện động cảm ứng xuất hiện trong khung dây theo biểu thức \(\xi =0,8+0,1t\).
Cường độ dòng điện qua khung dây lúc t = 10 s có độ lớn là 1,1 A.
Hãy suy nghĩ và trả lời câu hỏi trước khi xem đáp án
a) Khi khung dây chuyển động ra xa, từ thông \(\Phi \) tăng lên, véctơ cảm ứng từ của dòng điện cảm ứng \({{\overrightarrow{B}}_{c}}\) ngược chiều vectơ cảm ứng từ \(\overrightarrow{B}\). Do đó dòng điện cảm ứng qua khung dây theo chiều ngược chiều kim đồng hồ.
b) Từ thông qua khung dây tăng lên do sự biến thiên của diện tích khung dây.
\(\Delta \Phi =B.\Delta S.\cos {{0}^{0}}=B.\left( {{l}_{0}}.vt+\frac{1}{2}{{\left( vt \right)}^{2}} \right).1\)
\(\Delta \Phi =B{{l}_{0}}v.t+\frac{1}{2}{{B}_{0}}{{v}^{2}}.{{t}^{2}}\)
c) Suất điện động qua khung dây: \(\xi =-\frac{\Delta \Phi }{t}=-B{{l}_{0}}vt-\frac{1}{2}B{{v}^{2}}t=-0,2-0,2t\)
d) Cường độ dòng điện qua khung dây: \(I=\frac{\xi }{R}=-0,1-0,1t=-0,1-0,1.10=-1,1\left( A \right) \)
Tuyển Tập Đề Thi Tham Khảo Tốt Nghiệp THPT Năm 2025 - Vật Lí - Bộ Đề 01 là tài liệu ôn tập quan trọng dành cho học sinh lớp 12, giúp các em rèn luyện kỹ năng làm bài và chuẩn bị tốt nhất cho kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT 2025. Bộ đề được biên soạn theo định hướng của Bộ GD ĐT, bám sát chương trình học, bao gồm các chủ đề quan trọng như cơ học, điện học, quang học, dao động và sóng, vật lý hạt nhân… Hệ thống câu hỏi trắc nghiệm phong phú, được thiết kế theo nhiều mức độ từ nhận biết, thông hiểu đến vận dụng và vận dụng cao, giúp học sinh làm quen với cấu trúc đề thi và phát triển kỹ năng phân tích, tư duy logic. Mỗi đề thi đều có đáp án chi tiết và hướng dẫn giải cụ thể, hỗ trợ học sinh tự đánh giá năng lực, xác định điểm mạnh và cải thiện điểm yếu trong quá trình ôn tập.
Câu hỏi liên quan
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Vietnamese Women’s Achievements
Women have always played an important role in Vietnam’s history. Some fight for their country, some inspire others, and some make positive changes to society. Their contributions have shaped the nation in various ways, leaving a lasting impact on culture, politics, and the arts.
Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị are famous examples of women who fought for their country’s freedom. Known in Vietnamese as “Hai Bà Trưng,” the Trưng sisters successfully led their people in a rebellion against foreign invaders in 40 A.D. After their victory, they ruled the country for three years, demonstrating remarkable leadership and bravery. As the first female rulers of Vietnam, the Trưng sisters have become symbols of patriotism and resilience. Their significance is even greater considering that Vietnamese women at the time had very limited access to education and politics. Their story continues to inspire generations.
Sương Nguyệt Anh is another example of an influential Vietnamese woman. As the daughter of the patriotic poet Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, she mastered literature from a young age. She worked as a teacher before becoming the editor-in-chief of Nữ Giới Chung, the first women’s newspaper in Sài Gòn, in 1918. As the first female editor in Vietnam, she made significant contributions to the press, feminism, and poetry. Through her work, she promoted women’s rights and encouraged female empowerment.
A third example is Điềm Phùng Thị. She graduated from Hà Nội Medical University in 1946 and earned a PhD in dentistry in France in 1954. However, she later pursued a career in sculpture, creating artworks that reflected her love for Vietnam. She exhibited her work throughout Europe and became the first female Vietnamese member of the European Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. Her name was later recorded in the Larousse Dictionary of Painters, recognizing her as a remarkable artist.
In which paragraph does the passage mention the first female rulers of Vietnam?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Dear Mommy,
a. The teacher said this trip will help us learn more about nature and teamwork.
b. May I go on the trip, Mommy? I promise to be careful and follow all the rules.
c. Our class is planning a one-day trip to the national park this Saturday.
d. I know you always worry about my safety, but the school has arranged everything carefully.
e. The trip will include a guided tour, some fun activities, and a picnic with friends.
Love,
Anna
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Vietnamese Women’s Achievements
Women have always played an important role in Vietnam’s history. Some fight for their country, some inspire others, and some make positive changes to society. Their contributions have shaped the nation in various ways, leaving a lasting impact on culture, politics, and the arts.
Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị are famous examples of women who fought for their country’s freedom. Known in Vietnamese as “Hai Bà Trưng,” the Trưng sisters successfully led their people in a rebellion against foreign invaders in 40 A.D. After their victory, they ruled the country for three years, demonstrating remarkable leadership and bravery. As the first female rulers of Vietnam, the Trưng sisters have become symbols of patriotism and resilience. Their significance is even greater considering that Vietnamese women at the time had very limited access to education and politics. Their story continues to inspire generations.
Sương Nguyệt Anh is another example of an influential Vietnamese woman. As the daughter of the patriotic poet Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, she mastered literature from a young age. She worked as a teacher before becoming the editor-in-chief of Nữ Giới Chung, the first women’s newspaper in Sài Gòn, in 1918. As the first female editor in Vietnam, she made significant contributions to the press, feminism, and poetry. Through her work, she promoted women’s rights and encouraged female empowerment.
A third example is Điềm Phùng Thị. She graduated from Hà Nội Medical University in 1946 and earned a PhD in dentistry in France in 1954. However, she later pursued a career in sculpture, creating artworks that reflected her love for Vietnam. She exhibited her work throughout Europe and became the first female Vietnamese member of the European Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. Her name was later recorded in the Larousse Dictionary of Painters, recognizing her as a remarkable artist.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the important roles of Vietnamese women in the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.
But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.
One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.
Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.
Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit in paragraph 3?
“Plant hormones are chemicals produced by plants that control their growth, reproduction, maturation, and decay.”
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Bridging the generation gap
As time goes by, customs and traditions, which help shape the identity of an individual, (18) ______. These changes occur due to modernization, globalization, and shifts in societal values. This is why people belonging to different generations, (19) ______, often do not share the same values and beliefs. Differences in politics, culture, and other aspects of life separate generations and are often described as a generation gap. (20) ______. Therefore, bridging this gap is essential for maintaining harmony in the family. Below are some tips on how different generations in a family can connect.
First, all generations should be open to new ideas. Having more life experiences, (21) ______. However, the world is constantly evolving with new technologies, social norms, and perspectives. Parents should remain open-minded about new ideas or things that may not have existed when they were young, such as modern lifestyles, new forms of communication, or career choices. Likewise, children should listen to their parents and learn important life lessons from them, as their wisdom and experiences can be valuable in navigating life's challenges.
(22) ______. Poor communication or lack of it can weaken relationships between family members. They should make an effort to understand each other by actively listening and showing empathy. For example, asking parents about their day at work or discussing personal experiences can be a great way to start meaningful conversations. Additionally, finding enjoyable activities to do together, such as cooking, playing sports, or watching movies, is one of the best ways to strengthen family bonds and create lasting memories.
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Discover the Soul of Vietnam
Vietnam is a country where the past and the present coexist beautifully. From the bustling streets of Ho Chi Minh City to the serene landscapes of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam offers (1) ______. Do you ever wonder about the true essence of Vietnamese culture? Our cultural tours are here to help you (2) _______ deep into this fascinating journey!
With tours (3) _______to immerse you in the traditional art of Vietnamese silk weaving, the ancient rituals of Tet (Lunar New Year), and the vibrant local markets, you’ll get a taste of both the ancient and modern Vietnam.
Why Choose Vietnamese Culture Tours?
· Authentic Insights: You’ll have the chance to interact with local (4) _______and experience firsthand the making of traditional handicrafts.
· Culinary Delights: The food culture in Vietnam is an essential part of its identity. You’ll explore local cuisines, from pho in Hanoi to street food in Saigon, and learn how (5) _______traditional dishes.
· Sustainable Travel: Our tours promote eco-friendly practices, such as supporting local farmers and reducing environmental impact.
· Personalized Experience: We offer tailored itineraries, (6) _______ you’re interested in the cultural heritage of the north or the tropical beauty of the south.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.
But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.
One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.
Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.
Which of the following best summarizes the main point of the passage?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
a. In addition, actively raising community awareness about the causes, effects, and possible solutions to soil pollution is also a highly effective and essential approach to protecting the environment.
b. When people are trained and inspired to manage soil sustainably, they will actively participate in environmental protection.
c. If factories adopt an eco-friendly model, the quality of wastewater will be enhanced, helping to prevent soil degradation.
d. Enhancing and improving the wastewater treatment system in local areas will bring significant benefits to the soil and overall environmental health.
e. As a result, both businesses and individuals can work together towards a sustainable future.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Bridging the generation gap
As time goes by, customs and traditions, which help shape the identity of an individual, (18) ______. These changes occur due to modernization, globalization, and shifts in societal values. This is why people belonging to different generations, (19) ______, often do not share the same values and beliefs. Differences in politics, culture, and other aspects of life separate generations and are often described as a generation gap. (20) ______. Therefore, bridging this gap is essential for maintaining harmony in the family. Below are some tips on how different generations in a family can connect.
First, all generations should be open to new ideas. Having more life experiences, (21) ______. However, the world is constantly evolving with new technologies, social norms, and perspectives. Parents should remain open-minded about new ideas or things that may not have existed when they were young, such as modern lifestyles, new forms of communication, or career choices. Likewise, children should listen to their parents and learn important life lessons from them, as their wisdom and experiences can be valuable in navigating life's challenges.
(22) ______. Poor communication or lack of it can weaken relationships between family members. They should make an effort to understand each other by actively listening and showing empathy. For example, asking parents about their day at work or discussing personal experiences can be a great way to start meaningful conversations. Additionally, finding enjoyable activities to do together, such as cooking, playing sports, or watching movies, is one of the best ways to strengthen family bonds and create lasting memories.
Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Announcement: Special TV Program with Haile Gebrselassie
We are excited to announce a (1)______ featuring Haile Gebrselassie, a world-famous athlete, known for his incredible achievements in long-distance running. Born in Ethiopia, Haile faced many challenges on his way to success. He (2)______ a decision to attend a school far from his house, which meant he had to run long distances every day. This routine helped him develop the endurance that later made him a champion.
His dedication and hard work led him to win multiple Olympic gold medals and break numerous world records. It was not easy (3)______ these incredible performances, but his determination and passion for running never faded. One of his most remarkable victories was the 10,000-meter race, (4)______ him fame and money, making him a legend in the sport.
Haile then became a (5)______ in long-distance running, inspiring athletes worldwide. Everyone admires Haile (6)______ his perseverance, humility, and contributions to sports development. Don’t miss this exclusive interview, where he will share his journey and insights. Tune in this Sunday at 8 PM!
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
a. One of the most important things is to regulate the number of tourists visiting each year to prevent overcrowding and pollution.
b. Hoi An Ancient Town is a UNESCO World Heritage site that needs to be preserved for future generations.
c. Another key measure is to maintain the traditional architecture and prevent modern buildings from overpowering the historic structures.
d. Local authorities can also organize community education programs to raise awareness about the significance of preserving cultural heritage.
e. In conclusion, a combination of careful planning, community involvement, and sustainable tourism is essential to protect Hoi An for years to come.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Bridging the generation gap
As time goes by, customs and traditions, which help shape the identity of an individual, (18) ______. These changes occur due to modernization, globalization, and shifts in societal values. This is why people belonging to different generations, (19) ______, often do not share the same values and beliefs. Differences in politics, culture, and other aspects of life separate generations and are often described as a generation gap. (20) ______. Therefore, bridging this gap is essential for maintaining harmony in the family. Below are some tips on how different generations in a family can connect.
First, all generations should be open to new ideas. Having more life experiences, (21) ______. However, the world is constantly evolving with new technologies, social norms, and perspectives. Parents should remain open-minded about new ideas or things that may not have existed when they were young, such as modern lifestyles, new forms of communication, or career choices. Likewise, children should listen to their parents and learn important life lessons from them, as their wisdom and experiences can be valuable in navigating life's challenges.
(22) ______. Poor communication or lack of it can weaken relationships between family members. They should make an effort to understand each other by actively listening and showing empathy. For example, asking parents about their day at work or discussing personal experiences can be a great way to start meaningful conversations. Additionally, finding enjoyable activities to do together, such as cooking, playing sports, or watching movies, is one of the best ways to strengthen family bonds and create lasting memories.
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Exciting Job Opportunities – Apply Now!
Are you looking for a unique career? We are hiring for three extraordinary positions!
1. Pet Food Taster
Have a keen sense of taste? As a pet food taster, you will sample pet food to ensure quality and flavor. This job gives a sense of adventure and curiosity. Competitive (7) ______ offered!
2. Golf Ball Diver
Love swimming? This job requires you to dive into golf course lakes to retrieve lost balls. (8)_______ the challenges, it’s a rewarding role for strong swimmers.
3. Professional Wedding Guest
Enjoy social events? Attend weddings and blend in as a guest to enhance the atmosphere. Unlike (9) ______ jobs, this one is perfect for outgoing individuals. We offer flexible schedules, including the night (10) ______ for certain roles. The (11) ______ of available positions is limited, so apply today!
If you want to (12) ______ more information, please visit our website at http//jobworld.com.vn
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
a. Mommy: - What time do you plan to be back home? You know it’s important to be back before it gets too late.
b. Son:- Mommy, is it okay if I go to the park with my friends for a little while? We want to play soccer and enjoy the nice weather.
c. Son: - I promise I will be home by 6 p.m. at the latest, and I’ll make sure to check my phone if you call me.
d. Mommy: - Alright, you can go, but please be careful and don’t stay out too long.
e. Son:- Thank you so much, Mommy! I’ll be responsible and come back on time.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.
But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.
One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.
Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in fruit ripening?
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Exciting Job Opportunities – Apply Now!
Are you looking for a unique career? We are hiring for three extraordinary positions!
1. Pet Food Taster
Have a keen sense of taste? As a pet food taster, you will sample pet food to ensure quality and flavor. This job gives a sense of adventure and curiosity. Competitive (7) ______ offered!
2. Golf Ball Diver
Love swimming? This job requires you to dive into golf course lakes to retrieve lost balls. (8)_______ the challenges, it’s a rewarding role for strong swimmers.
3. Professional Wedding Guest
Enjoy social events? Attend weddings and blend in as a guest to enhance the atmosphere. Unlike (9) ______ jobs, this one is perfect for outgoing individuals. We offer flexible schedules, including the night (10) ______ for certain roles. The (11) ______ of available positions is limited, so apply today!
If you want to (12) ______ more information, please visit our website at http//jobworld.com.vn
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.
But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.
One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.
Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.
The phrase These organisms in paragraph 1 refers to...
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Vietnamese Women’s Achievements
Women have always played an important role in Vietnam’s history. Some fight for their country, some inspire others, and some make positive changes to society. Their contributions have shaped the nation in various ways, leaving a lasting impact on culture, politics, and the arts.
Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị are famous examples of women who fought for their country’s freedom. Known in Vietnamese as “Hai Bà Trưng,” the Trưng sisters successfully led their people in a rebellion against foreign invaders in 40 A.D. After their victory, they ruled the country for three years, demonstrating remarkable leadership and bravery. As the first female rulers of Vietnam, the Trưng sisters have become symbols of patriotism and resilience. Their significance is even greater considering that Vietnamese women at the time had very limited access to education and politics. Their story continues to inspire generations.
Sương Nguyệt Anh is another example of an influential Vietnamese woman. As the daughter of the patriotic poet Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, she mastered literature from a young age. She worked as a teacher before becoming the editor-in-chief of Nữ Giới Chung, the first women’s newspaper in Sài Gòn, in 1918. As the first female editor in Vietnam, she made significant contributions to the press, feminism, and poetry. Through her work, she promoted women’s rights and encouraged female empowerment.
A third example is Điềm Phùng Thị. She graduated from Hà Nội Medical University in 1946 and earned a PhD in dentistry in France in 1954. However, she later pursued a career in sculpture, creating artworks that reflected her love for Vietnam. She exhibited her work throughout Europe and became the first female Vietnamese member of the European Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. Her name was later recorded in the Larousse Dictionary of Painters, recognizing her as a remarkable artist.
In which paragraph is Điềm Phùng Thị’s artistic career discussed?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Vietnamese Women’s Achievements
Women have always played an important role in Vietnam’s history. Some fight for their country, some inspire others, and some make positive changes to society. Their contributions have shaped the nation in various ways, leaving a lasting impact on culture, politics, and the arts.
Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị are famous examples of women who fought for their country’s freedom. Known in Vietnamese as “Hai Bà Trưng,” the Trưng sisters successfully led their people in a rebellion against foreign invaders in 40 A.D. After their victory, they ruled the country for three years, demonstrating remarkable leadership and bravery. As the first female rulers of Vietnam, the Trưng sisters have become symbols of patriotism and resilience. Their significance is even greater considering that Vietnamese women at the time had very limited access to education and politics. Their story continues to inspire generations.
Sương Nguyệt Anh is another example of an influential Vietnamese woman. As the daughter of the patriotic poet Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, she mastered literature from a young age. She worked as a teacher before becoming the editor-in-chief of Nữ Giới Chung, the first women’s newspaper in Sài Gòn, in 1918. As the first female editor in Vietnam, she made significant contributions to the press, feminism, and poetry. Through her work, she promoted women’s rights and encouraged female empowerment.
A third example is Điềm Phùng Thị. She graduated from Hà Nội Medical University in 1946 and earned a PhD in dentistry in France in 1954. However, she later pursued a career in sculpture, creating artworks that reflected her love for Vietnam. She exhibited her work throughout Europe and became the first female Vietnamese member of the European Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992. Her name was later recorded in the Larousse Dictionary of Painters, recognizing her as a remarkable artist.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence Through her work, she promoted women’s rights and encouraged female empowerment.?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.
But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.
One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.
Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
