Xét hiện tượng sóng dừng trên dây đàn hồi nhẹ AB. Đầu A dao động theo phương vuông góc sợi dây với biên độ A. Khi đầu B cố định, sóng phản xạ tại B

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. Foot-racing is a popular activity in the United States. It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like-minded people, and to donate money to a good cause. Though serious runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers might not train at all. Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to enjoy the fun and exercise. People of all ages, from those of less than one year (who may be pushed in strollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport. The races are held on city streets, on college campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly 5 to 10 kilometers in length. The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring. This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean. There may be 80,000 or more people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco. In the front are the serious runners who compete to win and who might finish in as little as 34 minutes. Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish. In the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun. One year there was a group of men who dressed like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of firefighters who were tied together in a long line and who were carrying a fire-hose. There was even a bridal party, in which the bride was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo. The bride and groom threw flowers to bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route.

In what lines does the author give reasons for why people enter footraces?

Amino acid được cấu tạo bởi những thành phần nào?

Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form of pollution, it is very difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by different individuals is highly subjective and, therefore, variable. Exposure to lower levels of noise may be slightly irritating, whereas exposure to higher levels may actually cause hearing loss. Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise produced as a by-product of our advancing technology causes physical and psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are exposed to it.

Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has no lid, and is, therefore, always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without protection. Noise causes effects that the hearer cannot control and to which the body never becomes  accustomeLoud noises instinctively signal danger to any organism with a hearing mechanism, including human beings. In response, heartbeat and respiration accelerate, blood vessels constrict, the skin pales, and muscles tense. In fact, there is a general increase in functioning brought about by the flow of adrenaline released in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even longer than the noise, occasionally as long as thirty minutes after the sound has ceased.

Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly responding in the same way that we would respond to danger. Recently, researchers have concluded that noise and our response may be much more than an annoyance. It may be a serious threat to physical and psychological health and well-being, causing damage not only to the ear and brain but also to the heart and stomach. We have long known that hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem, but now we are learning that some of us with heart disease and ulcers may be victims of noise as well. Fetuses exposed to noise tend to be overactive, they cry easily, and they are more sensitive to gastrointestinal problems after birth. In addition, the psychic effect of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability, tension, and anxiety increase affecting the quality of rest during sleep, and the efficiency of activities during waking hours, as well as the way that we interact with each other.

 Which of the following is NOT the response of human body to noise?

Phát biểu nào sai khi nói về các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hô hấp ở thực vật?

Cho các phép lai sau:

(1) Ab/ab × aB/ab; (2) Ab/aB × aB/Ab; (3) AB/ab × Ab/aB; (4) Ab/aB × aB/ab; (5) AB/ab × AB/ab; (6) AB/ab × aB/ab

Trong trường hợp mỗi gen qui định một tính trạng, quan hệ trội lặn hoàn toàn. Có bao nhiêu phép lai ở đời con cho tỉ lệ phân li kiểu hình 1:2:1 và khác với tỉ lệ kiểu gen?

Trong quá trình hô hấp, giai đoạn đường phân có đặc điểm gì?

Theo quy định pháp luật, công dân được thực hiện quyền tham gia quản lí nhà nước và xã hội ở phạm vi cả nước khi nào?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a Other process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (1) _________ . Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (2) _________ , for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving.

Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (3) _________ . Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again. 

Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (4) _________ .  It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent -- to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (5) _________ , where 'distressed stock' needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.

(Adapted from The business of tourism)

Choose the best answer for number 1:

Mệnh đề nào dưới đây có mệnh đề đảo đúng?

Trong thí nghiệm Young về giao thoa ánh sáng, nếu tăng khoảng cách hai khe lên gấp đôi thì khoảng vân trên màn sẽ tăng hay giảm mấy lần?

Phát biểu nào sau đây không đúng với bản đồ số?

Tam thức bậc hai \(f(x) = {x^2} + (\sqrt 5 - 1)x - \sqrt 5 \) nhận giá trị dương khi?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

In the distance, an enormous, menacing-looking tornado can be seen. Luckily, the area has been evacuated and there is no one to be seen. Then, out of the blue, a few kilometres away a van appears and races down the road straight towards the tornado. Both in their twenties, Joe Hammond and his wife Emma are heading for it. Their purpose is to monitor various characteristics of a tornado, such as its speed, direction, and temperature. The storm chasers are planning to plant themselves directly in the path of the tornado to amass as much information as they can.

Joe and Emma are dedicated storm chasers. They began to chase storms as university students, and in recent years they have been travelling vast distances around the USA in their efforts to locate tornadoes. Bizarre as it may sound, they are not the only people to do it. During the tornado season, hundreds of people cross Tornado Alley, an area between South Dakota and Texas. Their vehicles are almost unrecognisable, as they are concealed underneath an assortment of electronic equipment and contain all manner of communication devices.

When asked why people are so fascinated by tornadoes, Joe said some tornado chasers relish the challenge, while others might just love the exhilaration of being in a treacherous situation. Some experienced chasers have even turned their hobby into a business and set up travel agencies offering tourists trips which guarantee a ringside view of the twisters. It seems, however, that people like Joe and Emma also make a pivotal contribution to the study of tornadoes.

The fact is, although there are about a thousand tornadoes in the USA each year, meteorologists still do not fully comprehend why they happen. This is partly because the research done by radars in laboratories is not as efficacious as mobile equipment deployed directly at the scene. Thus, some research meteorologists even go storm chasing themselves. It seems that the thrill, combined with a desire to understand nature, is the reason why people like Joe and Emma chase tornadoes.

(Adapted from Venture into First for Schools)

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? 

Cực đại của hàm số \(y=\sqrt{8+2 x-x^{2}}\) bằng bao nhiêu?