Nguyên tố R có tổng số hạt mang điện và không mang điện là 34. Trong đó số hạt mang điện nhiều hơn số hạt không mang điện là 10 hạt. Kí hiệu và vị trí của R trong bảng tuần hoàn là
Ne, chu kì 2, nhóm VIIIA.
Na, chu kì 3, nhóm IA.
Mg, chu kì 3, nhóm IIA.
F, chu kì 2, nhó VIIA.
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Gọi P, N, E lần lượt là số proton, neutron và electron của R
Tổng số hạt trong nguyên tử nguyên tố X là 34
→ P + N + E =34 (1)
số nơtron nhiều hơn số proton là 1
→ P + E – N = 10 (2)
Mà P = E (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3), giải hệ phương trình => P = E = 11 và N = 12
-> R là Na
-> Cấu hình electron của R là 1s22s22p63s1
-> vị trí của R là: chu kì 3 nhóm IA
Đáp án B
Đề thi giữa HK1 môn Hóa học 10 CTST năm 2022-2023 được biên soạn và tổng hợp những kiến thức cơ bản đã học nhằm giúp học sinh củng cố kiến thức, đánh giá năng lực, và chuẩn bị tốt hơn cho các kỳ thi quan trọng sắp tới.
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