Cùng là đường đôi, nhưng đường maltose khác sacrose ở điểm nào dựa vào hình ảnh minh hoạ dưới đây:

Chọn ý đúng: Có mấy yếu tố ảnh hưởng trong quá trình thiết kế kĩ thuật?

Cho các nguyên tử ₁₁Na, ₁₉K, ₁₂Mg. Thứ tự tăng dần bán kính của các nguyên tử trên là:

Đọc đoạn trích và trả lời câu hỏi dưới đây.

“Sự uy hiếp của tâm trạng đố kị đối với sự vật tốt đẹp chẳng khác nào quả bom  không hẹn giờ, có thể phát nổ bất cứ lúc nào, tiềm ẩn trong lòng con người. Trên  con đường theo đuổi một mục tiêu nào đó, một khi con người phát hiện ra sự tồn  tại của người giỏi hơn hoặc nhanh chân vượt trước mình thì thường nảy sinh than  vãn, đau khổ, thậm chí là căm giận, bởi trong tâm cảm thấy tự hổ thẹn vì mình  kém cỏi hơn người khác. Càng tệ hơn là có một số người bóp méo tâm tính, châm  ngòi quả bom trong lòng, không từ thủ đoạn báo thù đối thủ. Tạp niệm của sự đố  kị làm ô nhiễm tâm hồn, không những không thể khiến bạn có được mục tiêu mà  còn dần dần xa mục tiêu, cuối cùng lún sâu vào tội ác khó có thể thoát ra được.”

(Hải Hoa, Sức mạnh của tĩnh tâm, Nxb Phụ nữ, HN, 2015, tr. 14)

Biện pháp tu từ nghệ thuật nào được sử dụng trong câu văn: “Sự uy hiếp của tâm  trạng đố kị đối với sự vật tốt đẹp chẳng khác nào quả bom không hẹn giờ, có thể  phát nổ bất cứ lúc nào, tiềm ẩn trong lòng con người.”?

Là bạn thân của nhau, nhưng M cảm thấy có một số chuyện T vẫn giữ, không kể lại cho mình nghe. Do đó, M đã tìm tới anh V (kĩ sư công nghệ thông tin), nhờ anh V giúp mình đăng nhập vào tài khoản facebook của T để đọc tin nhắn mà T trao đổi với mọi người. Trong tình huống này, nếu là anh V, em nên lựa chọn cách ứng xử nào sau đây?

Cảnh cho chữ diễn ra vào khoảng thời gian nào?

Read the following passage about urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Sperm whales are fascinating creatures. [II] They possess the biggest brain of any species, six times larger than a human’s, which scientists believe may have evolved to support intelligent, rational behavior. [III] They’re also highly social and capable of making decisions as a group. [IV] But there’s also a lot we don’t know about them, including what they may be saying to one another when communicating with a system of short clicks, known as codas.

Now, new research published in Nature Communications today suggests that sperm whales’ communication is actually much more expressive and complicated than was previously thought. A team of researchers led by Pratyusha Sharma at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL) working with Project CETI, a nonprofit focused on using AI to understand whales, used statistical models to analyze whale codas and managed to identify a structure to their language that’s similar to features of human language. Their findings represent a tool future researchers could use to decipher not just the structure but the actual meaning of whale sounds.

For the study, the researchers examined recordings of 8,719 codas from around 60 whales collected by the Dominica Sperm Whale Project between 2005 and 2018, using a mix of AI algorithms for pattern recognition and classification. The AI then turned the clicks within the coda data into a new kind of data visualization called an exchange plot, revealing that some codas featured extra clicks. These extra clicks, combined with variations in the duration of their calls, appeared in interactions between multiple whales, which they say suggests that codas can carry more information and possess a more complicated internal structure than we had previously believed.

The team’s next step is to build language models of whale calls and to examine how those calls relate to different behaviors. They also plan to work on a more universal system that could be used across species, says Sharma. Taking a communication system we know nothing about, working out how it encodes and transmits information, and slowly beginning to understand what’s being communicated could have many purposes beyond whales. “I think we’re just starting to understand some of these things,” she says. “We’re very much at the beginning, but we are slowly making our way through.”

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều $S.ABCD$, có đáy $ABCD$ là hình vuông tâm $O$.

Khoảng cách từ $S$ đến mặt phẳng đáy là đoạn

Read the passage carefully. Choose an option (A, B, C or D) that best answers each question from 16 to 22.

1. Like many emergency responders, Nicholas Groom is used to stress at work.  On the one hand, the stress can be helpful. “I find that when attending a serious incident, it helps me to maintain focus on the situation,” Nicholas Groom said. On the other hand, the work can be highly pressurized. “Too much stress can impair your ability to make decisions,” he adds. And Groom is not alone in his complicated relationship with stress.

2. Many people believe that there should be a balanced amount of stress. In other words, not too much stress so you’re not overwhelmed but not too little stress so you don’t feel unmotivated. After all, some anxiety is motivating; think of the adrenaline before a deadline or the excitement before a competition.  Sports fans sometimes even talk about a “gene” in some athletes who seem to play best in the decisive final moments of a match. Furthermore, many psychologists claim that performance in many situations increases with stress up to a point. Of course, any stress can cause harm when it’s prolonged. To take just one example, a long-term high heart rate is linked to cardiovascular diseases. And additional stressors, such as financial pressures or psychiatric issues, clearly affect how beneficially someone can respond to stress.  

3. So is there a way to harness stress to your advantage while being mindful of its detrimental long-term effects? One key factor is to avoid, whenever possible, the point when stress leads to mental and physical collapse. Crystal Wernicke, 30, has always used stress as a motivator. But juggling between parenting, a full-time job, a voluntary role and financial troubles at the same time became too much and eventually led to a two-month period of illness. Another factor is the presence of control. For those who feel powerless over their situation, stress is unlikely to be beneficial. But with some autonomy over stressful tasks, we are better able to convert that pressure into higher performance.

4. When it comes to stress and how it affects your performance, it’s helpful to recognize the variations in personality, type of stress and task that affect the level of pressure you are under, as well as understanding tools you can use to control and harness that stress. Ultimately, it’s not helpful to take a one-sided view, either demonizing or glorifying stress. As James C Quick, a management professor at the University of Texas, sums up: “Stress can be the kiss of death as well as the spice of life.”

What does “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?

Tam giác \(ABC\) vuông tại \(A\) có \(AB = 6\)cm, \(BC = 10\)cm. Tính bán kính \(r\) của đường tròn nội tiếp tam giác đã cho. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

SCREEN TIME: MENTAL HEALTH MENACE OR SCAPEGOAT?

    "Have smartphones destroyed a generation?" Jean Twenge - a psychology professor at San Diego State University - asked in her controversial book, iGen. In the book, she argues that those born after 1995 are facing "a mental-health crisis", and she believes it can be linked to growing up with their noses pressed against a screen. Her newest study provides more support for that connection, showing that teens who spent more than an hour or two a day interacting with their gadgets were less happy on average than those who had more face time with others.

    Twenge's conclusions have come up against criticism in the past. Some have accused her work of oversimplifying or overlooking data that may tell a slightly different story. Twenge recognises that her study suggests only a link between screen use and psychological well-being. A possible explanation is that kids are running to their screens to escape from the things in life that are making them unhappy. However, the surveys can't say whether screen time directly changes teens' mental health, the research states.

    Philanthropist Melinda Gates, whose three children were also born after 1995, wrote in The Washington Post, "phones and apps aren't good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to overcome life's problems, they can aggravate the difficulties of growing up."

    At the same time, she said, kids are learning on their devices and connecting in novel ways. Other studies have explored the connection between social media and isolation and how "likes" activate the brain's reward centre. Some analyses have found that moderate use of these technologies is not harmful in itself and can even improve children's social skills and build emotional strength.

The word it in paragraph 1 refers to ____

Liên bang Nga là quốc gia đầu tiên đạt được thành tựu nào sau đây?

Read the following passage about the impact of social media on mental health and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. [II] While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). [III] Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). [IV]

A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out," or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being.

There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential.

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020).

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

Người ta xây dựng một chân tháp bằng bê tông có dạng khối chóp cụt tứ giác đều (Hình bên dưới). Cạnh đáy dưới dài 5m, cạnh đáy trên dài 2m, cạnh bên dài 3m. Biết rằng chân tháp được làm bằng bê tông tươi với giá tiền là 1470000 đồng/m³. Tính số tiền để mua bê tông tươi làm chân tháp theo đơn vị đồng.

Nguyên tử nitrogen (Z = 7) có

Trong không gian Oxyz, cho tam giác ABC có \(A(2;-2;1)\) có trọng tâm G và M là trung điểm của cạnh B. Biết điểm \(G\) thuộc đường thẳng \(d:\frac{x-2}{1}=\frac{y+2}{2}=\frac{z+1}{2}\) và điểm \(M\) thuộc mặt phẳng \((P):x+2y-3z-1=0\). Đường thẳng AM có một vectơ chỉ phương là:

Thiết kế động cơ đốt trong là quá trình phức tạp, đòi hỏi sự kết hợp giữa kĩ thuật cơ khí chính xác và công nghệ hiện đại. Bản vẽ 3D của các chi tiết như piston và trục khuỷu, những bộ phận quan trọng giúp chuyển đổi năng lượng từ quá trình đốt cháy thành chuyển động cơ học được biểu diễn như hình. Kĩ sư sử dụng phần mềm thiết kế CAD để mô phỏng và tối ưu hóa hiệu suất của động cơ, đảm bảo giảm ma sát và tăng khả năng chịu nhiệt.

Cho đoạn chương trình:

a=5

b=7

X = (a<b or a<0) and (b<0)

Giá trị của X là?

Nhận định nào sau đây là chưa đúng với các quy định của Hiến pháp về chế độ chính trị?