Cho bảng số liệu:

Diện tích rừng nước ta giai đoạn 1943 - 2021 (Đơn vị: triệu ha).

	Năm 1943	Năm 2010	Năm 2021
Tổng diện tích rừng	14,3	13,4	14,7
- Diện tích rừng tự nhiên	14,3	10,3	10,1
- Diện tích rừng trồng	0,0	3,1	4,6

(Nguồn: Niên giám thống kê Việt Nam năm 2011, năm 2022)

Năm 2021, diện tích rừng tự nhiên gấp bao nhiêu lần diện tích rừng trồng?

Phát minh đặt cơ sở cho sự phân hạng các nguyên tố hóa học là gì?

Các khu công nghiệp công nghệ cao không ưu tiên phát triển ngành công nghiệp nào dưới đây?

Ý nào dưới đây nói về đặc điểm hoạt động của Hội đồng nhân dân?

Read the following passage about the Reimagining International Cooperation and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Global environmental governance is changing how countries work together. Nations now understand that pollution, climate change, and resource problems cross borders. Traditional agreements between countries are not enough anymore. New approaches include businesses, local communities, and citizen groups working with governments. This all-hands-on-deck approach helps create better solutions for our planet. Many successful projects show that when different groups cooperate, they can solve difficult environmental problems that single countries cannot fix alone.

Environmental governance faces many challenges today. [I] Political differences between nations often slow down important decisions. [II] Some countries worry that strict environmental rules might hurt their economic growth. Despite these obstacles, new technologies are helping countries monitor environmental changes better. [III] Satellite data and computer models allow scientists to track forest loss, ocean pollution, and climate patterns. [IV] This information helps leaders make smarter decisions about protecting natural resources.

The future of environmental governance depends on innovation. Digital platforms now connect environmental experts around the world instantly. Young people are bringing fresh ideas through social media campaigns and protest movements. Indigenous communities contribute valuable traditional knowledge about sustainable living practices. Financial institutions are creating new ways to fund green projects in developing countries. These combined efforts are creating a more flexible and responsive system of global cooperation that can adapt to changing environmental conditions more quickly than old-fashioned diplomatic channels.

Effective environmental governance requires balance between global standards and local solutions. While international agreements provide important frameworks, communities need freedom to implement approaches that fit their unique situations. Successful governance models respect cultural differences while maintaining scientific standards. Education plays a crucial role in building public support for environmental policies. When citizens understand environmental issues, they make better choices and hold their leaders accountable. The most promising path forward combines strong international institutions with energetic local action to create lasting environmental solutions.

Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

Tim hoạt động tự động là do

Các thành tố của hệ thống chính trị ở Việt Nam bao gồm:

Thả một hòn đá rơi từ miệng một cái hang sâu xuống đến đáy. Sau 5 s kể từ lúc bắt đầu thả thì nghe tiếng hòn đá chạm vào đáy. Biết vận tốc truyền âm trong không khí là 330 m/s. Lấy g = 9,8 m/s². Chiều sâu của hang là

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 20 to 27.

Traditional Media

Before the invention of newspapers, the main source of news was word of mouth. Any writings and drawings were done by hand. Although printing presses had existed in eastern Asia, it was Gutenberg’s invention in Europe in 1453 that made printing faster and books more accessible. It reduced the cost and size of printed books and made them the first form of mass media affordable to less wealthy people. Gutenberg’s invention also quickened the spread of discoveries and information, and promoted literacy in Europe.

The printing press led to the rise of printed newspapers that appeared regularly. The first newspapers developed from around 1612 and in a short period of time, they became very popular in Europe and the European colonies. In the 19th century, they also appeared in Asia.

Newspapers and magazines are still very popular today. Although most of them have online versions, many people continue to read print media, which is considered more credible than digital media.

In the 1920s, when radio, television, and video were introduced, the phrase “the media” began to be used. Black and white television quickly became popular in the 1950s, and in the 1960s colour broadcasts started in many countries. Thanks to its audiovisual presentation, television became one of the most important forms of mass media in the 20th century. As a source of news, entertainment, and education, it still attracts a large number of viewers today.

(Adapted from English Workbook 12 – Global Success)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the traditional forms of media?

Ở một số nước phương Tây, những tranh luận cởi mở, nghiêm túc được xem là dấu hiệu của một xã hội lành mạnh, dân chủ và văn minh. Nhưng thế nào là tranh luận nghiêm túc? Nói một cách ngắn gọn, tranh luận nghiêm túc là tranh luận có quy tắc, trong đó người tham gia không được phạm “luật chơi”. Quy tắc căn bản là người tham gia chỉ được vận dụng những lí lẽ logic với thái độ thành thật và cởi mở chứ không được phát biểu theo cảm tính, đặc biệt cần tránh thái độ thiển cận, hẹp hòi. Người tranh luận nghiêm túc cần xem xét tất cả các trường hợp khả dĩ, cần cân nhắc những quan điểm và những cách giải thích khác nhau, chú tâm vào việc tìm sự thật hơn là muốn mình đúng, sẵn sàng chấp nhận những quan điểm không được nhiều người ưa chuộng, phải ý thức được định kiến chủ quan của chính mình. Khi tranh luận, phải nhất quán xoay quanh chủ đề bàn luận, không nhằm vào cá nhân người tham gia tranh luận. Nhưng không phải ai cũng đạt được những yêu cầu này. Vì vậy, không có gì đáng ngạc nhiên khi vẫn còn nhiều cuộc tranh luận có chất lượng thấp. Trong một số trường hợp tranh luận trên truyền hình, người ta có thể thấy đó là những cuộc đụng độ giữa các cá nhân chứ không phải là tranh luận, bởi đó không phải là sự đương đầu về lí luận. Nhiều khi, do không đảm bảo quy tắc tranh luận mà tranh luận trở thành vỏ bọc của ngụy biện – một sự nhầm lẫn trong lí luận và suy luận núp dưới hình thức "khoa học". Tuy nhiên, không phải ai cũng hiểu đúng về nguỵ biện.

Tác giả dẫn ra trường hợp tranh luận trên một số đài truyền hình để làm gì?

Read the following passage about news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Wildlife conservation refers to the efforts made to protect and preserve wild animal species and their habitats. [II] It is crucial for maintaining biodiversity, which plays a vital role in ecosystem stability and health (Smith & Jones, 2018). [III] Unfortunately, many species are threatened due to habitat destruction, poaching, and climate change, making conservation efforts more urgent than ever. [IV]

One of the primary reasons for wildlife conservation is the preservation of biodiversity. A diverse range of species contributes to ecosystem services, such as pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. The loss of a single species can disrupt these services and lead to ecological imbalances. For instance, the decline of pollinators like bees has serious implications for food production and agriculture (Global Biodiversity Outlook, 2020).

Moreover, wildlife conservation has significant economic benefits. Many communities depend on ecotourism, which relies on healthy wildlife populations and intact ecosystems. According to a study by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), ecotourism can generate billions of dollars in revenue, providing jobs and supporting local economies (WWF, 2021). Protecting wildlife not only safeguards natural resources but also creates sustainable livelihoods for local populations.

However, effective wildlife conservation requires a collaborative approach. Governments, non-governmental organizations, and local communities must work together to implement policies and strategies that promote conservation efforts. Community-based conservation initiatives, where local people actively participate in protecting their natural resources, have shown promising results. These initiatives empower communities and ensure that conservation efforts are tailored to local needs and contexts (Bennett & Dearden, 2014).

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Một bit được biểu diễn ra sao?

1. Do you find yourself yawning all day at school? You probably need more sleep. However, it is not just how much sleep you get that is important. What you do before bedtime also has a huge effect on how you feel the next day. If you spend time chatting to someone on social media, or reading a book on your e- reader, you are not alone.

2. All devices' screens give out a large amount of blue light, which affects the body's production of the sleep hormone, melatonin, which can change your sleep patterns. So it is not just getting to sleep that becomes hard, but the quality of your sleep also suffers. The result is that you can wake up several times during the night, and have difficulty getting up in the morning.

3. Sleep is food for the brain, so not sleeping well can be a severe problem for anyone, especially for teenagers, because their brains are still developing. When you do not sleep well, it can be difficult to concentrate at school, which makes it harder to learn and get good grades. It can also affect your mood, making you feel sad or anxious.   

4. So, it is clear you should not use your phone before you go to sleep. Why not leave it in another room? Nothing on social media is so important that it cannot wait a few hours! You should rediscover paper books and enjoy feeling tired and sleepy before bedtime rather than wondering why your best friend has not liked your photo! How will you wake up? You do not have to use the alarm on your phone. Go and buy yourself an old-fashioned alarm clock! The negative effects that screen time is having on sleep have been in the news a lot recently, so manufacturers of smartphones and tablets have added a feature to the mobile devices that can help reduce these. Most new phones have a night-time setting that changes the colour of the screen so that it gives out less blue light. If you really cannot avoid going onto social media at bedtime, think about turning on this setting on your phone.

Why does the author mention the sentence "How will you wake up?"?