Các loại vaccine phòng cúm hiện nay cũng chỉ cho những kết quả rất hạn chế vì?

Read the following passage about urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Sperm whales are fascinating creatures. [II] They possess the biggest brain of any species, six times larger than a human’s, which scientists believe may have evolved to support intelligent, rational behavior. [III] They’re also highly social and capable of making decisions as a group. [IV] But there’s also a lot we don’t know about them, including what they may be saying to one another when communicating with a system of short clicks, known as codas.

Now, new research published in Nature Communications today suggests that sperm whales’ communication is actually much more expressive and complicated than was previously thought. A team of researchers led by Pratyusha Sharma at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL) working with Project CETI, a nonprofit focused on using AI to understand whales, used statistical models to analyze whale codas and managed to identify a structure to their language that’s similar to features of human language. Their findings represent a tool future researchers could use to decipher not just the structure but the actual meaning of whale sounds.

For the study, the researchers examined recordings of 8,719 codas from around 60 whales collected by the Dominica Sperm Whale Project between 2005 and 2018, using a mix of AI algorithms for pattern recognition and classification. The AI then turned the clicks within the coda data into a new kind of data visualization called an exchange plot, revealing that some codas featured extra clicks. These extra clicks, combined with variations in the duration of their calls, appeared in interactions between multiple whales, which they say suggests that codas can carry more information and possess a more complicated internal structure than we had previously believed.

The team’s next step is to build language models of whale calls and to examine how those calls relate to different behaviors. They also plan to work on a more universal system that could be used across species, says Sharma. Taking a communication system we know nothing about, working out how it encodes and transmits information, and slowly beginning to understand what’s being communicated could have many purposes beyond whales. “I think we’re just starting to understand some of these things,” she says. “We’re very much at the beginning, but we are slowly making our way through.”

According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a tool or method used by researchers to study whale communication?

Kinh tế của Liên minh châu Âu phụ thuộc nhiều vào điều gì?

Nhiệt độ ngoài trời T (tính bằng ^oC) vào thời điểm t giờ trong một ngày ở thành phố X được cho bởi hàm số \(T = 22 + 4\sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{{12}}t - \frac{{5\pi }}{6}} \right)\). Để bảo quản các tác phẩm nghệ thuật, hệ thống điều hòa của một bảo tàng tự động bật khi nhiệt độ ngoài trời từ 24^oC trở lên. Dựa vào đồ thị của hàm số sin, xác định khoảng thời gian t trong ngày \(\left( {0 \le t \le 24} \right)\) hệ thống điều hòa được bật?

Read the passage carefully

1. Do you find yourself yawning all day at school? You probably need more sleep. However, it is not just how much sleep you get that is important. What you do before bedtime also has a huge effect on how you feel the next day. If you spend time chatting to someone on social media, or reading a book on your e- reader, you are not alone.

2. All devices' screens give out a large amount of blue light, which affects the body's production of the sleep hormone, melatonin, which can change your sleep patterns. So it is not just getting to sleep that becomes hard, but the quality of your sleep also suffers. The result is that you can wake up several times during the night, and have difficulty getting up in the morning.

3. Sleep is food for the brain, so not sleeping well can be a severe problem for anyone, especially for teenagers, because their brains are still developing. When you do not sleep well, it can be difficult to concentrate at school, which makes it harder to learn and get good grades. It can also affect your mood, making you feel sad or anxious. 

4. So, it is clear you should not use your phone before you go to sleep. Why not leave it in another room? Nothing on social media is so important that it cannot wait a few hours! You should rediscover paper books and enjoy feeling tired and sleepy before bedtime rather than wondering why your best friend has not liked your photo! How will you wake up? You do not have to use the alarm on your phone. Go and buy yourself an old-fashioned alarm clock! The negative effects that screen time is having on sleep have been in the news a lot recently, so manufacturers of smartphones and tablets have added a feature to the mobile devices that can help reduce these. Most new phones have a night-time setting that changes the colour of the screen so that it gives out less blue light. If you really cannot avoid going onto social media at bedtime, think about turning on this setting on your phone.

(Adapted from Prepare)

Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? 

Trên bản đồ tỉ lệ 1:300 000, 3cm trên bản đồ ứng với bao nhiêu km ngoài thực địa?

Hoạt động của Chính phủ được thể hiện qua mấy hình thức?

The word “checked” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.

The government should take measures to reduce air pollution and encourage __________ to use eco-friendly vehicles.

Cho tập $A=\Big\{ x \in \mathbb{Z} \, \big| \, -1< x \le 2 \Big\}$. Mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?

Thuyết kiến tạo mảng được xây dựng trên cơ sở tiếp nối thuyết nào?

Xác định: Trên thực tế, có mấy tiêu chí phân loại mạch điện tử điều khiển?

Cấu hình electron của nguyên tử nguyên tố X là 1s²2s²2p⁶. Số hiệu nguyên tử của X là

Bản Hiến pháp đầu tiên của nước ta được ban hành năm:

Đâu không phải là nguyên nhân xảy ra tình trạng lạm phát?

Con hãy lựa chọn đáp án Đúng hoặc Sai

Văn bản Chiến thắng Mtao Mxây là đoạn giữa của sử thi Đăm Săn, đúng hay sai?

Cho hình chóp S.ABCD có đáy ABCD là hình thoi cạnh a và SA = SB = SC = a.

Mặt phẳng (ABCD) vuông góc với mặt phẳng:

Phương án nào sau đây chỉ ra đúng mối quan hệ giữa thông tin và dữ liệu?

Lực lượng chính trị nắm quyền hành thực tế của Nhật Bản giai đoạn giữa thế kỉ XIX là gì?