Legacy systems are still used because they

business process

IPO

digital firm

sales and marketing

CRM

MIS

CLE

CLU

stable, formal social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs

formal, legal entity with internal rules and procedures that must abide by laws

a collection of people and other social elements

A, B. and C

systems that employ Unix

electronic spreadsheets used on a PC

new core systems

traditional mainframe-based business information systems

cloud computing

autonomic computing

virtualization

multicore processing

The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute PRODUCT

The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute PURCHASE

The entity PRODUCT with the attribute PURCHASE

The entity PRODUCT with the attribute CUSTOMER

data inconsistency

inability to develop specialized applications for functional areas

lack of flexibiline in creating ad-hoc reports

Data sharing

taking inventory

providing package status reports to customers

the decision to use automation

in-house package tracking software

Captures raw data from organization or external environment

Converts raw data into meaningful form

Transfers processed information to people or activities that use it

Output returned to appropriate members of organization to help evaluate or correct input stage

operational

end-user

middle management

senior management