Câu hỏi:

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

The word “racial” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

The word “He” in paragraph 3 refers to _____

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

The word “apartheid” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _____

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a symbolic activity Nelson Mandela participated in?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

In which paragraph does the writer mention the inheritance of Nelson Mandela?

Read the following passage about Nelson Mandela and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, in the village of Mvezo in South Africa, is one of the most iconic figures of the 20th century. He is best known for leading the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family and received a traditional education, but he went on to study law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.

Mandela’s journey as an anti-apartheid leader began in the 1940s when he joined the African National Congress (ANC). During the 1950s, he became increasingly involved in activism, leading protests and legal challenges against apartheid policies. In 1962, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in planning sabotage against the government. He spent 27 years in prison, mostly on Robben Island, under harsh conditions. Despite his imprisonment, Mandela’s reputation grew globally, and he became a symbol of resistance to oppression.

In 1990, due to intense domestic and international pressure, the South African government released Mandela from prison. He played a crucial role in negotiating the end of apartheid and the transition to multiracial democracy. In 1994, Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in the country’s first fully representative democratic election.

Mandela’s presidency marked a new era of racial reconciliation and healing. He focused on national unity, forgiveness, and peace, famously saying, "I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

After stepping down as president in 1999, Mandela continued his activism, focusing on issues like HIV/AIDS awareness and global peace. He passed away on December 5, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of courage, perseverance, and hope for future generations.

(Adapted from https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/history/general-history/nelson-maldela)

In which paragraph does the writer mention the sorrowful year of Nelson Mandela?

Read the following passage about robots and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

One of the greatest advantages of robots is that they can work in situations that are dangerous or harmful for human workers. For example, the continuous smell of paint has a harmful effect on painters, but it doesn't bother a robot. [I] Robots can work in nuclear power plants and in undersea research stations that might be dangerous for humans. Already, robots are working in the plastics industry and in chemical and industrial equipment industries. [II] One of the most common uses of robots is still in automobile factories. [III] These kinds of industrial robots are not usually mobile. [IV] The work they need to do is brought to them, like cars on an assembly line, for example.

The robot industry is a big business. By the middle of the 1990s, Japan led the world in robot production with more than 71,000 industrial robots at work. Both the United States and Japan, as well as other countries, continue to develop more advanced robots. Robots can now be made to perform more complex jobs. Robots can make decisions while they are working and learn from their mistakes. Robots can now see with TV camera. They can easily hear and can even speak using a voice made by a computer, but it is difficult to make a robot understand. Thinking and understanding are very human qualities. The robots of the future will probably be very complex. They will be able to perform many humanlike tasks. Robots and other technology will make the future an alluring place!

(Adapted from Sample graduation - since 2025 Format)

According to the passage, these are probably dangerous working conditions EXCEPT _____

Read the following passage about robots and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

One of the greatest advantages of robots is that they can work in situations that are dangerous or harmful for human workers. For example, the continuous smell of paint has a harmful effect on painters, but it doesn't bother a robot. [I] Robots can work in nuclear power plants and in undersea research stations that might be dangerous for humans. Already, robots are working in the plastics industry and in chemical and industrial equipment industries. [II] One of the most common uses of robots is still in automobile factories. [III] These kinds of industrial robots are not usually mobile. [IV] The work they need to do is brought to them, like cars on an assembly line, for example.

The robot industry is a big business. By the middle of the 1990s, Japan led the world in robot production with more than 71,000 industrial robots at work. Both the United States and Japan, as well as other countries, continue to develop more advanced robots. Robots can now be made to perform more complex jobs. Robots can make decisions while they are working and learn from their mistakes. Robots can now see with TV camera. They can easily hear and can even speak using a voice made by a computer, but it is difficult to make a robot understand. Thinking and understanding are very human qualities. The robots of the future will probably be very complex. They will be able to perform many humanlike tasks. Robots and other technology will make the future an alluring place!

(Adapted from Sample graduation - since 2025 Format)

Robots are not able to _____