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Câu hỏi:

Read the following passage about human life expectancy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Urbanization refers to the process through which cities grow and expand as more people move from rural to urban areas. This phenomenon is driven by various factors, including economic opportunities, educational facilities, and healthcare services, which often attract individuals seeking better living standards. As cities become more populated, they undergo significant transformations in infrastructure, including housing, transportation, and public services.

The rise in urban populations can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. On the positive side, urbanization can stimulate economic development, innovation, and cultural exchange. It often brings improvements in living standards and provides better access to services and amenities. However, rapid urban growth can also strain existing infrastructure, leading to issues such as overcrowding, pollution, and inadequate public services. These challenges can impact the quality of life in urban areas and require careful planning and management.

Effective urban planning is crucial to “mitigating” the negative effects of urbanization. This includes creating sustainable infrastructure, managing resources efficiently, and ensuring equitable access to services for all residents. By addressing these challenges, cities can harness the benefits of urbanization while improving the overall quality of urban life.

Furthermore, much of the increase in the numbers of urban poor is taking place in locations that are highly vulnerable to natural disasters and are expected to experience the greatest impact of climate change, such as low-elevation coastal zones and arid regions known as dry lands. Seasonal, temporary and permanent migration is already among the strategies that households utilize when faced with food and livelihood insecurity associated with climate variability, and climate-related migration could become more prevalent in the future with the anticipated increase in frequency and intensity of adverse climate events.

[Adapted from United Nations. "World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision." United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2019]

In which passage does the author mention that durable infrastructure helps manage the impacts of urbanization?

A.

Paragraph 1

B.

Paragraph 2

C.

Paragraph 3

D.

Paragraph 4

Trả lời:

Đáp án đúng: C


Giải thích: Ý về quy hoạch hiệu quả, hạ tầng bền vững/“creating sustainable infrastructure” nằm ở Paragraph 3.

Đáp án đúng là: C

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28/01/2026
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