Câu hỏi:

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. An ice sheet is a massive layer of ice that covers a large area for a long time. During the last Ice Age, most of the earth was covered by ice sheets. Today, there are only two remaining ice sheets in the world: the Antarctic ice sheet and the Greenland ice sheet. These ice sheets form when snow builds up over time, and most of the earth's freshwater is trapped in them.

2. The Antarctic ice sheet is enormous, reaching depths of up to 3 miles and covering about 5.4 million square miles. This area is almost the size of the entire continent of Antarctica. If all the ice in the Antarctic ice sheet melted, the sea level would rise by about 200 feet. The Greenland ice sheet is much smaller, covering roughly 656,000 square miles, but it still holds a significant amount of ice.

3. These ice sheets are melting faster than new snow that can replace the ice. Scientists believe that global warming is playing a significant role in this accelerated melting. Global warming refers to the rise in the Earth's average temperature, which is mostly caused by human activities. The burning of fossil fuels, like coal and oil, releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, which increases temperatures and speeds up the melting process.

4. The melting of ice sheets has serious consequences. As ice melts and flows into the ocean, the sea level rises. This could lead to flooding in coastal cities like New York City, Miami, and New Orleans. Additionally, the melting ice will mix freshwater with seawater, reducing the ocean's salinity. This change can harm marine ecosystems, affecting the plants and animals that rely on stable salt levels to survive.

In which paragraph does the author mention the impact of ice melting on living organisms?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. An ice sheet is a massive layer of ice that covers a large area for a long time. During the last Ice Age, most of the earth was covered by ice sheets. Today, there are only two remaining ice sheets in the world: the Antarctic ice sheet and the Greenland ice sheet. These ice sheets form when snow builds up over time, and most of the earth's freshwater is trapped in them.

2. The Antarctic ice sheet is enormous, reaching depths of up to 3 miles and covering about 5.4 million square miles. This area is almost the size of the entire continent of Antarctica. If all the ice in the Antarctic ice sheet melted, the sea level would rise by about 200 feet. The Greenland ice sheet is much smaller, covering roughly 656,000 square miles, but it still holds a significant amount of ice.

3. These ice sheets are melting faster than new snow that can replace the ice. Scientists believe that global warming is playing a significant role in this accelerated melting. Global warming refers to the rise in the Earth's average temperature, which is mostly caused by human activities. The burning of fossil fuels, like coal and oil, releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, which increases temperatures and speeds up the melting process.

4. The melting of ice sheets has serious consequences. As ice melts and flows into the ocean, the sea level rises. This could lead to flooding in coastal cities like New York City, Miami, and New Orleans. Additionally, the melting ice will mix freshwater with seawater, reducing the ocean's salinity. This change can harm marine ecosystems, affecting the plants and animals that rely on stable salt levels to survive.

In which paragraph does the author mention concerns about the speed of ice melting?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

While some species thrive in warm climates, others require cooler environments

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

The word their in paragraph 2 refers to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

The word revealed in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a species that shifts its habitat in paragraph 2?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

The word confined in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

Which of the following best summarises paragraph 4?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. [I] All organisms have a preferred range of temperatures where they can live comfortably. [II] As a result, species are typically found in specific regions. [III] However, due to the greenhouse effect, the planet is warming, and many places are becoming too hot for certain plants and animals to survive. [IV]

2. To adapt to these changes, species are moving to colder areas, often further from the tropics or to higher altitudes. Scientists have studied these movements by comparing historical maps of species' locations to their current distributions. For example, a study in the Andes mountains revealed that bird species had shifted approximately 40 metres higher over 32 years. Similar trends have been observed in other species, such as moose, coffee plants, and mangrove trees, which are also relocating to cooler habitats.

3. Despite these movements, many species are unable to migrate quickly enough to escape rising temperatures. Human activities, such as deforestation and urban development, create barriers that restrict their ability to move. Consequently, some species are confined to regions that are now too hot for them to thrive. This often leads to poor health, slower growth, and in some cases, extinction.

4. If one species migrates but the other species it relies on does not, it may struggle to find food or other resources. For instance, a bird that feeds on berries from a specific tree may face starvation if the tree does not move with it. Additionally, as species move higher into mountains, the available space becomes limited, leaving some with no suitable habitat.

5. Over time, these changes alter the entire ecosystem. Forests and other natural environments today differ greatly from how they looked 50 years ago, and this trend is likely to continue. In very hot regions, like the Amazon, extreme temperatures may leave only a few heat-tolerant species, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?