Tổng thể các quy phạm pháp luật có mỗi liên hệ mật thiết và thống nhất với nhau được sắp xếp thành các ngành luật, chế định pháp luật được gọi là

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.

But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.

One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.

Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.

Which of the following is OPPOSITE in meaning to exterior in paragraph 1?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Biting into a ripe, juicy fruit brings a smile to many people’s faces. But eating that same fruit a week before it is ripe probably wouldn’t be as enjoyable! Unripe fruits are often hard and bitter, but that serves a purpose. The hard exterior of an unripe fruit protects the developing seed inside. After a seed fully develops inside the fruit, the fruit changes color, softens, and gets sweeter to become more attractive to animals and humans. These organisms eat the fruit and spread its seeds, ensuring the plant’s survival and regrowth.

But how does a fruit ripen? The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions. When a fruit ripens, it goes through a chemical change. A chemical change happens when bonds within molecules break, and the atoms that once formed them regroup into new molecules. Chemical changes are irreversible. Once a fruit ripens, it cannot become unripe again.

One molecule responsible for this chemical change is ethylene. Ethylene (C2H4) is a colorless gas made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (I). It is a naturally occurring molecule in the atmosphere. (II). It is also an important plant hormone. (III). Plants release ethylene through the growing tips of roots, flowers, and ripening fruit. (IV). Although ethylene serves other purposes in plants, one of its main purposes is to trigger the chemical reactions that cause fruits to ripen. As the fruit matures, oxygen in the air helps stimulate the production of ethylene. This ethylene production is a signal that begins fruit ripening. For that reason, unripe fruits have low levels of ethylene, while ripe fruits have higher levels of ethylene. Most fruits produce ethylene and respond to ethylene in the atmosphere.

Although fruits require ethylene to ripen, different types of fruits respond to this molecule in two distinct ways: non-climacteric fruits and climacteric fruits. Non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvesting. They produce very little ethylene of their own. Climacteric fruits, on the other hand, continue to ripen after they are picked. These fruits produce a large amount of ethylene. Climacteric fruits can also speed up the ripening process of other fruits nearby since they release high levels of ethylene into the air.  

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence: The ripening process involves many complex chemical reactions.

Read the following passage about the A Vision of a Harmonious Multicultural Society and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

By 2050, our world will have undergone remarkable transformations in how different cultures coexist. The walls that once divided nations are vanishing into thin air as global citizens embrace diversity like never before. Technology will serve as the great equalizer, with translation devices making language barriers a thing of the past. In urban centers worldwide, neighborhoods will showcase architectural influences from multiple cultures, creating spaces where everyone feels at home regardless of their background. Public spaces will feature gardens with plants from different continents, symbolic of how various cultures can thrive together in one environment.

[I] Education systems will prioritize cultural literacy alongside traditional subjects. [II] Schools will teach world history from multiple perspectives rather than through a single cultural lens. [III] Students will routinely participate in virtual exchange programs, allowing them to form friendships with peers around the world without leaving their classrooms. [IV] Government policies will recognize that a harmonious multicultural society requires institutional support, with resources allocated to community centers where cultural exchange happens organically through shared meals, festivals, and collaborative art projects.

Economic systems will evolve to value diverse approaches to business and innovation. Companies will actively seek employees from varied backgrounds, recognizing that diverse teams create more innovative solutions. Traditional knowledge from indigenous communities will be respected and incorporated into sustainable development practices. The entertainment industry will produce content that authentically represents multiple cultures, moving beyond stereotypes to show the complexity within each tradition. Digital platforms will help preserve endangered languages and cultural practices through accessible archives and learning tools.

The greatest achievement of this harmonious world will be a new understanding of human identity. People will identify with multiple cultural traditions simultaneously without feeling conflicted about their loyalties. Holidays from various traditions will be celebrated collectively, creating new hybrid celebrations that honor multiple heritages. The concept of "us versus them" will gradually fade as people recognize shared values across different traditions. While challenges will remain, the dominant attitude will be one of curiosity rather than fear when encountering differences.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Nhân tố nào dưới đây được ví như “đơn đặt hàng” của thị trường cho cho các nhà sản xuất, cung ứng?

Phiên mã ngược là quá trình tổng hợp DNA dựa trên khuôn mẫu RNA. Quá trình này được xúc tác bởi một loại enzyme đặc biệt gọi là enzyme phiên mã ngược (RT: reverse transcriptase). Enzyme này có cả hoạt tính DNA polymerase và hoạt tính RNase H. Cũng giống như DNA polymerase trong quá trình tái bản DNA, enzyme phiên mã ngược đòi hỏi phải có primer (mồi) đặc biệt để tổng hợp nên DNA mới.

Enzyme phiên mã ngược được phát hiện lần đầu tiên ở retrovirus. Sau khi các retrovirus đi vào tế bào vật chủ, genome của RNA của nó sẽ được phiên mã ngược thành DNA sợi đôi, rồi tích hợp vào DNA của vật chủ.

Điểm giống nhau giữa phiên mã và phiên mã ngược là?

Gọi \(S\) là tập hợp các số tự nhiên có 6 chữ số. Chọn ngẫu nhiên một số từ \(S\), xác suất để các chữ số của số đó đôi một khác nhau và phải có mặt chữ số 0 và 1 bằng

Cho tập hợp: $A = \{ x \in \mathbb{R} \, \big| \, x - 5 < 4 - 2 x\}$. Viết lại tập hợp $A$ dưới kí hiệu khoảng, nửa khoảng, đoạn.

Trong xã hội ứng với thời kì bây người nguyên thủy và công xã thị tộc mẫu hệ, con người đã sử dụng công cụ lao động bằng gì?

Cho hàm số \(y=f\left( x \right)=\text{tan}2x-1\).

Nội dung nào sau đây là triển vọng của cộng đồng ASEAN?

Theo khả năng hóa gỗ của thân, cây trồng được phân làm mấy nhóm?