PHẦN III. Trắc nghiệm yêu cầu trả lời ngắn. Thí sinh trả lời từ câu 1 đến câu 6.
Trong công nghiệp, kim loại nhôm (aluminium, Al) được sản xuất bằng phương pháp điện phân nóng chảy aluminium oxide. Biết hiệu suất của quá trình chuyển hóa thành Al là . Để sản xuất 5,4 tấn Al cần sử dụng bao nhiêu tấn nguyên liệu (làm tròn đến hàng phần mười)?
PHẦN III. Trắc nghiệm yêu cầu trả lời ngắn. Thí sinh trả lời từ câu 1 đến câu 6.
Trong công nghiệp, kim loại nhôm (aluminium, Al) được sản xuất bằng phương pháp điện phân nóng chảy aluminium oxide. Biết hiệu suất của quá trình chuyển hóa thành Al là . Để sản xuất 5,4 tấn Al cần sử dụng bao nhiêu tấn nguyên liệu (làm tròn đến hàng phần mười)?
Hãy suy nghĩ và trả lời câu hỏi trước khi xem đáp án
Ta có sơ đồ: $Al_2O_3 \rightarrow 2Al$
Khối lượng mol của Al là 27 g/mol, và khối lượng mol của $Al_2O_3$ là 102 g/mol.
Số mol của Al cần sản xuất là: $n_{Al} = \frac{5.4 \times 10^6}{27} = 2 \times 10^5$ mol
Số mol của $Al_2O_3$ cần dùng (lý thuyết) là: $n_{Al_2O_3} = \frac{1}{2} n_{Al} = \frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times 10^5 = 10^5$ mol
Vì hiệu suất là 95,4%, nên số mol $Al_2O_3$ thực tế cần dùng là: $n'_{Al_2O_3} = \frac{n_{Al_2O_3}}{H} = \frac{10^5}{0.954} \approx 1.048 \times 10^5$ mol
Khối lượng $Al_2O_3$ cần dùng là: $m_{Al_2O_3} = n'_{Al_2O_3} \times M_{Al_2O_3} = 1.048 \times 10^5 \times 102 \approx 10.69 \times 10^6$ g = 10.7 tấn (làm tròn đến hàng phần mười).
Vì câu hỏi yêu cầu điền đáp án trực tiếp, nên không có options và answer.
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CHỦ ĐỀ: THẾ GIỚI TUYỆT ĐẸP…
(Tham khảo bài văn của chủ đề trong đường link dưới đây ở trang 21)
https://tvsthpt.dlib.vn/app/doc-sach-ebook/d02db18272fe
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Thợ thuyền, thư lại cũng hay thơ”
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