Có 3 chiếc hộp, hộp A chứa 1 chiếc bút xanh, 1 chiếc bút đỏ; hộp B chứa 1 chiếc bút đỏ, 1 chiếc bút tím; hộp C chứa 1 chiếc bút đỏ, 1 chiếc bút tím. Lấy ngẫu nhiên từ mỗi hộp 1 chiếc bút. Ta có sơ đồ cây sau:

Dựa vào sơ đồ cây cho biết số kết quả thuận lợi cho biến cố H: “Trong 3 bút lấy ra có đúng 1 bút đỏ”.

Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40. (2,5 points)

            [I] Water is one of the most essential resources on our planet, vital for all forms of life. However, increasing demand and pollution are putting immense pressure on our freshwater supplies. [II] According to recent studies, nearly 2 billion people worldwide live in countries experiencing high water stress, leading to a decline in the availability of this precious resource. This situation not only affects drinking water but also agriculture, sanitation, and energy production.

            The primary causes of water scarcity include population growth, urbanization, and climate change. As cities expand, the demand for water increases significantly. Moreover, agricultural practices that rely heavily on water are becoming unsustainable in many regions. Climate change further exacerbates these issues, causing unpredictable weather patterns and extreme droughts, which reduce water availability.

           [III] In response to this growing crisis, everyone must prioritize water conservation. Simple actions, such as fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practicing mindful consumption, can make a significant difference. Additionally, implementing policies that promote sustainable water management and investing in technologies for water recycling can help mitigate the impacts of water scarcity. [IV]

            Despite these efforts, the challenges remain substantial. It is crucial that we recognize the importance of conserving water and take immediate steps to protect this vital resource for future generations.

The word “vital” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by………….

Người ta dẫn 0,2 kg hơi nước ở nhiệt độ 100^∘C vào một bình chứa 1,5 kg nước ở nhiệt độ 15^∘C . Coi nhiệt độ truyền ra ngoài môi trường là không đáng kể. Biết nhiệt dung riêng của nước là 4200 J/kg.K ; nhiệt dung riêng của nhôm 880 J/kg.K ; nhiệt hóa hơi riêng của nước là 2,3.106 J/kg. Khi xảy ra cân bằng nhiệt, nhiệt độ của nước trong bình là

Đối với hệ thống khí canh, máng trồng cây là:

Read the following passage about How Failures Led to Breakthroughs and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Many important discoveries happened because of mistakes and unexpected accidents. Alexander Fleming found penicillin when he left his laboratory messy before going on holiday. After vacation, he saw mold growing on his experiment plate. Fleming noticed this mold killed bacteria around it very effectively. This fortunate accident later saved millions of lives around the world. Scientists call finding valuable things by chance "serendipity," which happens often in research.

The Post-it Note began as a mistake that seemed useless at first. In 1968, Spencer Silver tried making a strong glue for 3M company but created a weak one instead that didn't stick permanently. Nobody knew what to do with this disappointing result for several years. Then his colleague Arthur Fry realized this "failure" could make perfect bookmarks that wouldn't damage pages when removed. This weak adhesive eventually became one of the most popular office products worldwide, changing how people work.

In cooking, many favorite foods came from kitchen errors and quick substitutions. Ruth Wakefield invented chocolate chip cookies when she ran out of baker's chocolate and used broken pieces of semi-sweet chocolate instead. She thought they would melt completely in the dough, but they kept their shape during baking. Potato chips were created when chef George Crum made extremely thin potatoes to annoy a customer who repeatedly complained about thick fries. Surprisingly, the customer loved them and ordered more!

These fascinating stories teach us that mistakes can lead to new opportunities and unexpected innovations. Thomas Edison said about his many failed light bulb attempts, "I haven't failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that don't work." This positive attitude shows we should see errors as valuable learning chances. Smart people don't fear making mistakes in their work; they fear missing opportunities to learn from them and discover something amazing.

The word “fortunate” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _________.

Xác định ý đúng: Khái niệm phân bón hóa học là?

Read the passage carefully. Choose an option (A, B, C or D) that best answers each question from 16 to 22.

1. Like many emergency responders, Nicholas Groom is used to stress at work.  On the one hand, the stress can be helpful. “I find that when attending a serious incident, it helps me to maintain focus on the situation,” Nicholas Groom said. On the other hand, the work can be highly pressurized. “Too much stress can impair your ability to make decisions,” he adds. And Groom is not alone in his complicated relationship with stress.

2. Many people believe that there should be a balanced amount of stress. In other words, not too much stress so you’re not overwhelmed but not too little stress so you don’t feel unmotivated. After all, some anxiety is motivating; think of the adrenaline before a deadline or the excitement before a competition.  Sports fans sometimes even talk about a “gene” in some athletes who seem to play best in the decisive final moments of a match. Furthermore, many psychologists claim that performance in many situations increases with stress up to a point. Of course, any stress can cause harm when it’s prolonged. To take just one example, a long-term high heart rate is linked to cardiovascular diseases. And additional stressors, such as financial pressures or psychiatric issues, clearly affect how beneficially someone can respond to stress.  

3. So is there a way to harness stress to your advantage while being mindful of its detrimental long-term effects? One key factor is to avoid, whenever possible, the point when stress leads to mental and physical collapse. Crystal Wernicke, 30, has always used stress as a motivator. But juggling between parenting, a full-time job, a voluntary role and financial troubles at the same time became too much and eventually led to a two-month period of illness. Another factor is the presence of control. For those who feel powerless over their situation, stress is unlikely to be beneficial. But with some autonomy over stressful tasks, we are better able to convert that pressure into higher performance.

4. When it comes to stress and how it affects your performance, it’s helpful to recognize the variations in personality, type of stress and task that affect the level of pressure you are under, as well as understanding tools you can use to control and harness that stress. Ultimately, it’s not helpful to take a one-sided view, either demonizing or glorifying stress. As James C Quick, a management professor at the University of Texas, sums up: “Stress can be the kiss of death as well as the spice of life.”

What is one way to harness stress to your advantage, according to the third paragraph?

Đâu là thứ tự từ bề mặt đất xuống sâu?

Bản đồ địa lí không thể cho biết nội dung nào?

Chọn đáp án sai: Pit-tông được trục khuỷu dẫn động ở kì nào? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer.

Why are we always pointing to Instagram as the cause of mental illness in our teenagers? It’s frustrating that abusive relationships, and the trauma they cause, are rarely mentioned in discussions about the prevalence of mental health problems in young people. Research by Women’s Aid and Cosmopolitan has found that a third of teenage girls have been in an abusive relationship. And, if that isn’t shocking enough, when the remaining two-thirds were asked further questions, it emerged that 64% of them had, in fact, experienced abusive behaviour – they just didn’t realise it was abuse.

Domestic abuse is normally associated with women cowering on the floor, as a violent husband waits to strike, or mothers covering up their black eyes with concealer before the school run. On the same day that the domestic abuse bill received its second reading in parliament, Age UK called for action to tackle domestic abuse of over-60s, whose needs it says are often overlooked by the law, policy and practice. The needs of teenagers in the heady throes of first love who are in emotionally abusive relationships also need to be recognised.

Common themes of such relationships include (though are not limited to) excessive jealousy, repeated criticism and sexual coercion. If your boyfriend or girlfriend is checking your phone, constantly asking to know your whereabouts, getting upset when you spend time away, turning up unannounced to surprise you, these are all examples of coercive control. If they never apologise in an argument and make everything your fault, tell you what you can and can’t wear, undermine you and/or publicly humiliate you under the guise of a “joke”, these again are common instances of controlling behaviour. Ditto, if they have a Jekyll/Hyde personality, make you feel like you are walking on eggshells even when things are seemingly going well, and threaten to hurt themselves if you leave. When it comes to sexual coercion and rape, examples include making you feel pressured to perform sexual acts you’re uncomfortable with, such as sending nude photos, having sex before you’re ready, being pressured to re-enact extreme sex from porn films or being told you don’t love them if you say no.

Often the victim in an abusive relationship can never quite put their finger on one thing, but the overwhelming feeling is of a general unease, feeling unsafe, defective, wrong, scared and as if you are going crazy. It’s your “yourselfness” that’s being consistently undermined, controlled and attacked by the person who claims to love you.

What can be inferred from the second paragraph?

Cho các câu sau, số câu đúng là?

1) Sử dụng chương trình con sẽ làm chương trình dễ hiểu, dễ tìm lỗi hơn.

2) Hàm chỉ được gọi một lần duy nhất ở chương trình chính.

3) Hàm luôn trả một giá trị qua tên của hàm.

4) Python chỉ cho phép chương trình gọi một hàm xây dựng sẵn trong các thư viện của Python.

5) Khai báo hàm trong Python luôn có danh sách tham số.

Trong hoạt động của xe ô tô, năng lượng hữu ích, năng lượng hao phí lần lượt là:

Xác định ý đúng: Đối với sự phát triển của xã hội loài người, môi trường tự nhiên là nhân tố?

Một lò xo có chiều dài tự nhiên là 20 cm. Khi lò xo có chiều dài 24 cm thì lực đàn hồi của nó bằng 5 N. Hỏi khi lực đàn hồi của lò xo bằng 10 N thì chiều dài của nó bằng bao nhiêu?

Việt Nam nằm ở mảng kiến tạo nào sau đây?

Nửa đầu thế kỉ XIX, sau khi giành độc lập, các nước Mỹ La-tinh đã phát triển theo hướng:

Nhận định nào sau đây đúng khi bàn về tín dụng?

Nhận định nào sau đây là không thuộc vai trò của ngân sách nhà nước?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

When parents name their children, they often take into consideration their own preferences, family traditions, or beliefs. In many European cultures, parents typically select names based on family connections, often honoring grandparents or ancestors. For instance, in Italy, children are commonly named after their grandparents, starting with the father's parents and then the mother's. Similarly, in Eastern Europe, children may be named after their deceased relatives to protect them from harm.

In some Asian countries, the naming process may involve the child's grandfather or a fortune-teller, who chooses a name believed to shape the child's character. Names might be inspired by elements like fire, water, earth, wood, or metal, or they may convey qualities such as beauty, strength, or kindness.

African cultures also have unique naming traditions, such as in Ghana's Akan culture, where a child's name is determined by the day of their birth. Each day has specific names for boys and girls, reflecting characteristics associated with that day. For example, a boy born on Friday might be named Kofi, symbolizing a "wanderer" or "explorer" while a girl born on the same day could be named Afua, also representing a traveler.

No matter where a name originates, it holds significant meaning and reflects the child's cultural heritage. Whether chosen out of preference or dictated by tradition, a child's name is a cherished and respected gift.

What is the main idea of this reading?

Anh K có khoản thu nhập là 10 triệu đồng, anh phân chia số tiền đó vào khoản chi cho sinh hoạt cuộc sống là 6 triệu, còn 4 triệu anh đưa vào khoản tiết kiệm để 2 năm nữa anh mua xe. Trong trường hợp này anh K đã sử dụng hình thức kế hoạch chi tiêu nào sau đây?