Choose the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. John: I've taken a few design classes, and I'm planning to do more to improve my skills.

b. John: I'm thinking about becoming a graphic designer.

c. Sarah: That sounds interesting! What made you choose that career?

d. Sarah: Have you done any related studies or courses?

e. John: I've always loved art and working with computers, so graphic design seems like a great fit for me.

 

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Small Steps, Big Impact: Sustainable Living Tips

Making small changes in our daily routines can have a significant effect on our planet. Let's see what you can do to make a difference every day.

♻ Eye-Opening Facts

Worldwide, over 300 million tons of plastic are produced each year, and (7) _______ single-use plastic items are among the most harmful to our oceans. We (8) _______ billions of plastic bottles and bags annually, most of which end up in landfills or the sea, threatening wildlife.

♻ How You Can Help

• Buy fresh, unpackaged fruits and vegetables instead of those wrapped in plastic. Supporting local farmers decreases transport (9) _______ and promotes sustainable farming.

• Make homemade meals whenever possible. (10) _______ buying pre-packaged snacks, prepare your own to reduce waste.

• Use a cloth shopping bag. This decreases the (11) _______ of disposable bags in circulation.

• Recycle as much as you can. Sort your waste into (12) _______ like paper, metal, and plastic, and drop them off at local recycling facilities.

Read the following passage about Asia’s culture and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions

[I] Chemicals are present everywhere in our environment, some of which occur naturally, while others are the result of human activities. [II]. They are found in the air, water, and soil, and can have both positive and negative impacts on the ecosystem. Some chemicals, like nutrients, help support life by promoting plant growth [III]. However, others, especially synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, fertilizers, and industrial waste, can be harmful to both the environment and human health. [IV]

The widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture has been a major cause of chemical pollution. When these chemicals are used improperly or excessively, they can wash into rivers, lakes, and oceans, leading to water pollution. This runoff can also contribute to the depletion of oxygen in water bodies, a process known as eutrophication. Eutrophication harms aquatic life, disrupting ecosystems and causing the death of fish and other organisms that rely on oxygen.

Toxic chemicals such as heavy metals (e.g., mercury and lead) pose additional threats to the environment and human health. These substances can accumulate in the food chain, starting from plants and animals in contaminated areas and eventually reaching humans. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can lead to serious health issues, including neurological disorders, cancer, and other chronic conditions. Many countries have established regulations to limit the use of harmful chemicals, but enforcement remains a challenge.

Efforts to reduce chemical pollution involve a combination of government regulations, technological innovations, and public awareness. Governments worldwide have introduced stricter rules on the use of hazardous chemicals and encouraged the development of eco-friendly alternatives. These regulations aim to limit the harmful impact of chemicals on the environment, encouraging industries to adopt safer practices. Environmental organizations play a vital role in monitoring chemical pollution, raising awareness, and advocating for cleaner technologies. They work closely with policymakers to ensure effective enforcement of environmental laws. While progress has been made, ongoing efforts are needed to address emerging challenges and ensure a safer and healthier environment for future generations.

Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

"These substances vary in their sources and effects, depending on whether they are naturally occurring or man-made."

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Green Energy Project Competition Announcement

Binh Minh High School is excited to announce another opportunity for students to showcase their creativity and innovation! We proudly present the Green Energy Project Competition, an event that aims to promote the use of (1)______ and inspire solutions for a sustainable future.

This is a competition (2)______ for its focus on practical and impactful ideas. Participants will work on projects that highlight innovative methods with a view to (3)______ energy consumption and environmental pollution. By contributing to these efforts, we can ensure that future generations will have the chance to (4)_______ a normal life in harmony with nature.

All students are encouraged to apply (5)______this exciting event. The most (6)______ projects will receive awards and be showcased in a special exhibition at the school.

Don’t miss this chance to make a difference and have your ideas recognized! Join us in our mission to create a sustainable world. Stay tuned for further details on how to register and submit your projects.

Let’s build a brighter, greener future together!

Read the following passage about smart growth and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Smart Growth

           Recently, experts have tried to curb the spread of suburban sprawl, or at least create urban areas that are developed more purposefully. This is known as "smart growth." City planners create communities that are designed for more walking and less dependency on cars. Some developers recover old communities in downtown urban areas, rather than develop the next piece of farmland or wilderness.

           U.S. states such as Oregon are passing laws to prevent unplanned urban sprawl. They have created boundaries around cities that limit the growth of development. Officials have created laws stating that the minimum size of a plot of land is 32 hectares (80 acres). This is to prevent developers from creating suburban communities. An 80-acre plot of land is financially impractical for a single-family home!

           Other smart-growth communities are creating new types of development. Some have large amounts of undeveloped "green space," organic farms, and lakes. Urban areas typically drain the water from rain and snow, which cannot collect in the paved-over grounD. Rather than use drainage pipes and ditches, smart-growth communities create wetlands designed to filter storm runoff.

           More city planners are developing urban areas by considering their geography. Engineers construct buildings that integrate seamlessly with the surrounding environment, drawing upon natural resources. White roofs, for example, reflect the sun's rays and lower the cost of air conditioning. Homebuilders in urban areas as diverse as Los Angeles, California, U.S., and the island communities of Greece create homes and businesses with white plaster or tile roofs for this reason.

           There is also a move toward preserving and maintaining more green areas and planting more trees in urban areas. Landscape designers often consult with city planners to incorporate parks with development.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

Dear Mai,

a. It’s fantastic that you’re interested in supporting environmental projects! 

b. Thank you for considering this opportunity.

c. With your involvement, we believe we can make a real impact on protecting our environment. 

d. We’re launching "Green Future" to promote eco-friendly practices and organize community clean-ups. 

e. We’d love to have you join us in making a difference and inspiring others to do the same.

Warm regards,

Nick

Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Landslides are a significant environmental challenge in the northern mountainous provinces of Vietnam, partiCularly during the rainy season. The region, characterized by steep slopes and heavy rainfall, is prone to this natural disaster, which poses serious threats to both the local population and infrastructure. [II] ln recent years, numerous landslides have occurred, often triggered by prolonged periods of heavy rain, resulting in devastating impacts on communities and livelihoods.

The mountainous terrain, combined with deforestation and improper land use, exacerbates the risk of landslides. [III] As farmers clear forests for agriculture, the natural vegetation that stabilizes the soil is lost, making slopes more susceptible to erosion. When heavy rains saturate the soil, it can quickly become unstable, leading to sudden and destructive landslides. [IV]

In response to this growing threat, local authorities and environmental organizations are taking proactive measures to mitigate the risks associated with landslides. Efforts include reforestation projects, improving drainage systems, and raising public awareness about safe practices du ring the rainy season. Additionally, advanced monitoring systems are being implemented to provide early warnings, allowing communities to evacuate before a disaster strikes.

Despite these efforts, the challenges remain significant, and ongoing education and support for sustainable land management practices are crucial for reducing the incidence and impact of landslides in northern Vietnam.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following passage about The Benefits of Outdoor Activities and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

Engaging in outdoor activities has become increasingly popular in recent years. Not only do these activities provide an escape from the daily grind of life, but they also offer numerous physical and mental health benefits. Hiking, cycling, and team sports are just a few examples of outdoor activities that can enhance well-being.

First and foremost, outdoor activities encourage physical fitness. Regular participation in activities like hiking or cycling helps individuals maintain a healthy weight and improve cardiovascular health. The fresh air and natural surroundings can make exercising feel less like a chore and more like an enjoyable experience. Furthermore, studies have shown that spending time in nature can reduce stress levels and promote a sense of tranquility.

In addition to physical benefits, outdoor activities foster social connections. Participating in team sports or group hikes allows individuals to meet new people and strengthen existing relationships. The shared experience of overcoming challenges together can build camaraderie and enhance teamwork skills.

However, some people might argue that outdoor activities are not accessible to everyone. For instance, individuals living in urban areas may find it difficult to access green spaces or safe paths for cycling. This raises the question of equity in accessing outdoor resources.

Despite these challenges, the advantages of engaging in outdoor activities far outweigh the drawbacks. Those who participate regularly often report feeling happier and more fulfilled. The sense of achievement that comes from completing a challenging hike or mastering a new cycling route can significantly boost self-esteem.

In conclusion, outdoor activities play a crucial role in promoting both physical health and social well-being. By stepping outside and embracing nature, individuals can improve their quality of life. As we continue to navigate the complexities of modern living, it is vital to prioritize these enriching experiences.

In which paragraph does the writer mention a drawback when people participate in outdoor activity?

Read the following advertisement and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Exciting Job Opportunity at Our Community Centre!

The Sunshine Community Center is looking for enthusiastic students to join our dynamic team.

The job includes:

- Organising community events and activities

- Assisting in (10) __________ tasks

- Helping with social media updates

✔ No (11) __________ prior experience needed!

Contact Mr. Brown at brown.james@communitycenter.org by May 15 to apply.

Don't miss (12) __________!

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Many young Australians are uncertain about which career path to choose after school. With the rise of technology, including automation and artificial intelligence, some jobs may disappear, but new opportunities will also emerge. Existing jobs will evolve, requiring workers to adapt to new roles and skills. It's essential for young people to understand these changes and plan their careers accordingly to stay competitive in the future job market.

2. Technology is rapidly changing how we work. Jobs that involve repetitive tasks, such as data entry or reception work, are more likely to be replaced by machines. However, those that require human creativity, problem-solving, and communication skills will continue to be in demand. Fields like healthcare, education, and design are expected to see significant growth.

3. Another important factor is that young Australians will likely change careers multiple times throughout their lives. Studies show that today's teenagers could switch jobs around 17 times and work in five different careers. This underscores the need for flexibility and the ability to learn new skills. Being open to change and willing to develop new abilities will be vital for long-term career success in the evolving job market.

4. Although a university degree can help open doors, it is no longer enough on its own. Employers are increasingly looking for skills like teamwork, critical thinking, and effective communication. Gaining work experience, even through part-time jobs, internships, or volunteer work, will be essential. These experiences will help develop the practical skills that employers value and prepare young Australians for a successful career in the future workforce. By focusing on continuous learning and skill development, they can seize the opportunities that lie ahead.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to gain work experience?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. The world of work is changing rapidly, with new jobs constantly emerging, many of which didn't even exist five or ten years ago. The traditional idea of sticking with one career for life is no longer realistic. Career counselling has adapted to help people manage these changes, offering more than just advice on choosing a job and staying in it forever.

2. Today, career counselling focuses on helping individuals integrate into society through their work while also contributing to the community. It's no longer just about finding a job but understanding how personal struggles and challenges can shape a person's career journey. Career counsellors assist individuals in identifying their “pain” - the challenges they've faced - and use this as a foundation to help them create a meaningful career story that fits their values and personal goals.

3. As people face critical crossroads in their professional lives - whether choosing a school, career path, or job - career counselling becomes an essential resource. It helps individuals reflect on their past decisions and navigate the uncertainty that comes with major life transitions. As the workplace continues to change, workers face repeated crossroads and the need for adaptability. Career counsellors play a vital role in helping them navigate these challenges.

4. However, access to career counselling remains a challenge in many places. In South Africa, for instance, career counselling services are limited, with only a small percentage of people receiving support. The high cost of private counselling, along with a lack of trained teachers, further hinders access. Despite these barriers, efforts are underway to improve career guidance, such as the development of a career guidance hotline and the government's work on creating a more accessible career development system.

The word emerging in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by __________.

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

Green Energy Project Competition Announcement

Binh Minh High School is excited to announce another opportunity for students to showcase their creativity and innovation! We proudly present the Green Energy Project Competition, an event that aims to promote the use of (1)______ and inspire solutions for a sustainable future.

This is a competition (2)______ for its focus on practical and impactful ideas. Participants will work on projects that highlight innovative methods with a view to (3)______ energy consumption and environmental pollution. By contributing to these efforts, we can ensure that future generations will have the chance to (4)_______ a normal life in harmony with nature.

All students are encouraged to apply (5)______this exciting event. The most (6)______ projects will receive awards and be showcased in a special exhibition at the school.

Don’t miss this chance to make a difference and have your ideas recognized! Join us in our mission to create a sustainable world. Stay tuned for further details on how to register and submit your projects.

Let’s build a brighter, greener future together!

Read the following announcement and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Career Orientation Workshop Announcement

Dear Students,

We are excited to announce that our school will be holding a Career Orientation Workshop on November 15th. This workshop aims (13) __________ you explore different career paths and gain valuable insights into the job market. Industry experts will be present to guide you through career opportunities, answer your questions, and provide advice on how to prepare (14) __________ your future career.

Don't miss this chance to discover your potential and (15) __________ clear goals for your future career!

Date: November 15th

Time: 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM

Location: School Auditorium

We look forward to seeing you there!

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

1. Have you ever checked to see what the weather would be like for the week? You can thank meteorologists for the weather forecast! A meteorologist is a scientist who studies the atmosphere to predict the weather. Their work involves observing weather patterns, analysing data from satellites and weather stations, and using computer models to forecast future weather conditions. Meteorologists play a crucial role in helping people prepare for various everyday conditions as well as providing timely warnings about extreme weather events like hurricanes and tornadoes.

2. To become a meteorologist, one typically needs a degree in meteorology or a related field like atmospheric science. Many meteorologists also study physics, mathematics, and computer science, as these subjects are essential for understanding and predicting weather patterns. Some meteorologists work in research, studying climate change and developing new forecasting models. Others work in broadcasting, delivering weather reports on television or radio.

3. Meteorologists often work in offices, but they may also spend time in the field, gathering data and monitoring weather conditions firsthand. The job can be challenging, as weather is unpredictable, and forecasts are not always accurate. However, it is also rewarding, as accurate weather predictions can save lives and property by providing timely warnings of severe weather.

4. The work of a meteorologist is never dull, as they must constantly keep up with new developments in weather technology and science. Whether they are tracking a major storm or predicting a sunny day, meteorologists help people plan their activities and stay safe.

(30) The word they in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

Small Steps, Big Impact: Sustainable Living Tips

Making small changes in our daily routines can have a significant effect on our planet. Let's see what you can do to make a difference every day.

♻ Eye-Opening Facts

Worldwide, over 300 million tons of plastic are produced each year, and (7) _______ single-use plastic items are among the most harmful to our oceans. We (8) _______ billions of plastic bottles and bags annually, most of which end up in landfills or the sea, threatening wildlife.

♻ How You Can Help

• Buy fresh, unpackaged fruits and vegetables instead of those wrapped in plastic. Supporting local farmers decreases transport (9) _______ and promotes sustainable farming.

• Make homemade meals whenever possible. (10) _______ buying pre-packaged snacks, prepare your own to reduce waste.

• Use a cloth shopping bag. This decreases the (11) _______ of disposable bags in circulation.

• Recycle as much as you can. Sort your waste into (12) _______ like paper, metal, and plastic, and drop them off at local recycling facilities.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. The world of work is changing rapidly, with new jobs constantly emerging, many of which didn't even exist five or ten years ago. The traditional idea of sticking with one career for life is no longer realistic. Career counselling has adapted to help people manage these changes, offering more than just advice on choosing a job and staying in it forever.

2. Today, career counselling focuses on helping individuals integrate into society through their work while also contributing to the community. It's no longer just about finding a job but understanding how personal struggles and challenges can shape a person's career journey. Career counsellors assist individuals in identifying their “pain” - the challenges they've faced - and use this as a foundation to help them create a meaningful career story that fits their values and personal goals.

3. As people face critical crossroads in their professional lives - whether choosing a school, career path, or job - career counselling becomes an essential resource. It helps individuals reflect on their past decisions and navigate the uncertainty that comes with major life transitions. As the workplace continues to change, workers face repeated crossroads and the need for adaptability. Career counsellors play a vital role in helping them navigate these challenges.

4. However, access to career counselling remains a challenge in many places. In South Africa, for instance, career counselling services are limited, with only a small percentage of people receiving support. The high cost of private counselling, along with a lack of trained teachers, further hinders access. Despite these barriers, efforts are underway to improve career guidance, such as the development of a career guidance hotline and the government's work on creating a more accessible career development system.

The word them in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 19. 

In 2022, an ambitious environmental project, which was designed to combat deforestation, ___(18)___. The project aimed to restore large areas that had been devastated by illegal logging and agricultural expansion, with the goal of planting over one million trees. This initiative marked a crucial step in global efforts to mitigate climate change, drawing significant attention from environmental organizations worldwide.

Having decided to employ advanced AI systems during the project, ___(19)___. These systems ensure that optimal conditions are maintained for tree growth and wildlife restoration, making the reforestation process more efficient. The AI not only gathers data from the ecosystem for further research but also interacts with the surrounding environment to support long-term sustainability, thus helping restore Amazon's ecological balance.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Many young Australians are uncertain about which career path to choose after school. With the rise of technology, including automation and artificial intelligence, some jobs may disappear, but new opportunities will also emerge. Existing jobs will evolve, requiring workers to adapt to new roles and skills. It's essential for young people to understand these changes and plan their careers accordingly to stay competitive in the future job market.

2. Technology is rapidly changing how we work. Jobs that involve repetitive tasks, such as data entry or reception work, are more likely to be replaced by machines. However, those that require human creativity, problem-solving, and communication skills will continue to be in demand. Fields like healthcare, education, and design are expected to see significant growth.

3. Another important factor is that young Australians will likely change careers multiple times throughout their lives. Studies show that today's teenagers could switch jobs around 17 times and work in five different careers. This underscores the need for flexibility and the ability to learn new skills. Being open to change and willing to develop new abilities will be vital for long-term career success in the evolving job market.

4. Although a university degree can help open doors, it is no longer enough on its own. Employers are increasingly looking for skills like teamwork, critical thinking, and effective communication. Gaining work experience, even through part-time jobs, internships, or volunteer work, will be essential. These experiences will help develop the practical skills that employers value and prepare young Australians for a successful career in the future workforce. By focusing on continuous learning and skill development, they can seize the opportunities that lie ahead.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

1. Have you ever checked to see what the weather would be like for the week? You can thank meteorologists for the weather forecast! A meteorologist is a scientist who studies the atmosphere to predict the weather. Their work involves observing weather patterns, analysing data from satellites and weather stations, and using computer models to forecast future weather conditions. Meteorologists play a crucial role in helping people prepare for various everyday conditions as well as providing timely warnings about extreme weather events like hurricanes and tornadoes.

2. To become a meteorologist, one typically needs a degree in meteorology or a related field like atmospheric science. Many meteorologists also study physics, mathematics, and computer science, as these subjects are essential for understanding and predicting weather patterns. Some meteorologists work in research, studying climate change and developing new forecasting models. Others work in broadcasting, delivering weather reports on television or radio.

3. Meteorologists often work in offices, but they may also spend time in the field, gathering data and monitoring weather conditions firsthand. The job can be challenging, as weather is unpredictable, and forecasts are not always accurate. However, it is also rewarding, as accurate weather predictions can save lives and property by providing timely warnings of severe weather.

4. The work of a meteorologist is never dull, as they must constantly keep up with new developments in weather technology and science. Whether they are tracking a major storm or predicting a sunny day, meteorologists help people plan their activities and stay safe.

(27) Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?

Choose the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.