Choose the best answer.

Davis: - I reckon that preserving the environment is the responsibility of every individual.

Mai: “- _______________ . Everyone should do something to protect the earth - our common home.”

Listen to talks about how people spent their holidays. Choose True or False for the following statements. Question 36 to 40.

Kevin helped escort baby turtles to the environment.

Choose the underlined part that needs correcting.

The anti-smoking campaign has had a positive impact with young people.

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

FIELD TRIP REMINDER

Dear Students,

As we prepare (7) __________ our field trip next week, please keep these guidelines in mind to help protect wildlife and ensure an enjoyable experience.

Before the Trip:

- Prepare for the Outdoors: Wear appropriate clothing and shoes for walking. Bring a water bottle, but avoid single-use plastic.

- Pack Light: Carry only what's necessary, as too (8) __________ items can create unnecessary waste.

During the Trip:

- Be Mindful of Your Impact: Keep a safe distance from wildlife and avoid (9) __________ loud noises that could scare them.

- Leave No Trace: Anything you bring with you (10) __________ - do not leave anything behind.

- Take Photos, Not Things: It's wonderful to capture moments with your camera, (11) __________ never take plants, rocks, or other natural (12) __________.

Let's work together to ensure the protection of wildlife and the environment. Enjoy the trip and remember that we are guests in nature!

Thank you!

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

FIELD TRIP REMINDER

Dear Students,

As we prepare (7) __________ our field trip next week, please keep these guidelines in mind to help protect wildlife and ensure an enjoyable experience.

Before the Trip:

- Prepare for the Outdoors: Wear appropriate clothing and shoes for walking. Bring a water bottle, but avoid single-use plastic.

- Pack Light: Carry only what's necessary, as too (8) __________ items can create unnecessary waste.

During the Trip:

- Be Mindful of Your Impact: Keep a safe distance from wildlife and avoid (9) __________ loud noises that could scare them.

- Leave No Trace: Anything you bring with you (10) __________ - do not leave anything behind.

- Take Photos, Not Things: It's wonderful to capture moments with your camera, (11) __________ never take plants, rocks, or other natural (12) __________.

Let's work together to ensure the protection of wildlife and the environment. Enjoy the trip and remember that we are guests in nature!

Thank you!

Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions.

Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leader vie for unrestricted access  to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use.

Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear freshwater for survival.

When do conflicts get worse ?

Choose the word whose stress is placed differently from that of the others.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

It is obvious that plastic pollution is a world problem and needs to be quickly resolved.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Soil pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem around the world. According to a recent UN report, the world's soils, which provide 95% of humanity's food, are facing great pressure. Industrial activities, mining, farming, and poor waste management are all contributing to soil contamination. As soil pollution increases, the health of the planet, along with the food we depend on, is at risk.

2. Soils play a vital role in supporting life on Earth. They support the growth of plants, which are the basis for our food supply. Moreover, soils are the second largest active store of carbon, after the oceans, and play a critical role in regulating the Earth's climate. They also support various ecosystems and wildlife and help to maintain biodiversity. Without healthy soils, our food production, water supply, and air quality would be negatively affected.

3. There are various factors that lead to soil pollution. Industrial pollution, mining, and farming practices are major contributors, along with poor waste management. Chemicals such as metals, pesticides, and plastics contaminate the soil, making it unsafe for food production and harming wildlife. Other pollutants, like pharmaceuticals and plastics, are adding to the problem.

4. Addressing this issue requires immediate action. The UN calls for governments, businesses, and people to work together to reduce pollution. This means using fewer harmful chemicals, supporting research to find solutions, and using better farming practices. Everyone needs to play their part to protect the soil. If we don't act now, soil pollution will keep getting worse, affecting our health, food, and the environment.

In which paragraph does the writer give examples of chemicals that contribute to soil pollution?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Green consumers will only buy eco-friendly __________ to help protect the environment.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Soil pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem around the world. According to a recent UN report, the world's soils, which provide 95% of humanity's food, are facing great pressure. Industrial activities, mining, farming, and poor waste management are all contributing to soil contamination. As soil pollution increases, the health of the planet, along with the food we depend on, is at risk.

2. Soils play a vital role in supporting life on Earth. They support the growth of plants, which are the basis for our food supply. Moreover, soils are the second largest active store of carbon, after the oceans, and play a critical role in regulating the Earth's climate. They also support various ecosystems and wildlife and help to maintain biodiversity. Without healthy soils, our food production, water supply, and air quality would be negatively affected.

3. There are various factors that lead to soil pollution. Industrial pollution, mining, and farming practices are major contributors, along with poor waste management. Chemicals such as metals, pesticides, and plastics contaminate the soil, making it unsafe for food production and harming wildlife. Other pollutants, like pharmaceuticals and plastics, are adding to the problem.

4. Addressing this issue requires immediate action. The UN calls for governments, businesses, and people to work together to reduce pollution. This means using fewer harmful chemicals, supporting research to find solutions, and using better farming practices. Everyone needs to play their part to protect the soil. If we don't act now, soil pollution will keep getting worse, affecting our health, food, and the environment.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Soil pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem around the world. According to a recent UN report, the world's soils, which provide 95% of humanity's food, are facing great pressure. Industrial activities, mining, farming, and poor waste management are all contributing to soil contamination. As soil pollution increases, the health of the planet, along with the food we depend on, is at risk.

2. Soils play a vital role in supporting life on Earth. They support the growth of plants, which are the basis for our food supply. Moreover, soils are the second largest active store of carbon, after the oceans, and play a critical role in regulating the Earth's climate. They also support various ecosystems and wildlife and help to maintain biodiversity. Without healthy soils, our food production, water supply, and air quality would be negatively affected.

3. There are various factors that lead to soil pollution. Industrial pollution, mining, and farming practices are major contributors, along with poor waste management. Chemicals such as metals, pesticides, and plastics contaminate the soil, making it unsafe for food production and harming wildlife. Other pollutants, like pharmaceuticals and plastics, are adding to the problem.

4. Addressing this issue requires immediate action. The UN calls for governments, businesses, and people to work together to reduce pollution. This means using fewer harmful chemicals, supporting research to find solutions, and using better farming practices. Everyone needs to play their part to protect the soil. If we don't act now, soil pollution will keep getting worse, affecting our health, food, and the environment.

In which paragraph does the writer give an explanation by mentioning a report?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Ecotourism is booming and many tour operators say this is helpful to nature. Every year, millions of people visit protected (31) ____ areas to observe rare species. However, a new report casts doubt on this form of tourism. The report, published in the journal "Trends in Ecology and Evolution", suggests that ecotourism damages more than (32) ____ nature. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural (33) ____. They point to a recent event in Costa Rica where turtles had problems laying their eggs because of the many tourists who had gathered on the beach to watch them.

The report says that ecotourism is making animals bolder. A human presence makes animals tamer and less cautious about other animals. This could put them at (34) ____ of being attacked by their natural predators, so more of them will be killed. The report says that when animals interact with humans, "they may let (35) ____ their guard”. The report also says it is essential, “to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how different species in different situations respond to human visitation, and under what precise conditions human exposure might put them at risk".

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS: NEW RECYCLING BINS

Dear Residents,

We are excited to inform you that new recycling bins have been installed in our community to improve waste (7) __________ and create a cleaner environment for everyone.

The bins are now in these categories:

- Recyclables – Use this bin for paper, cardboard, plastics, and glass bottles, (8) __________ can be recycled to help reduce waste.

- Organic Waste – This bin is for (9) __________ like food scraps and yard waste. These will be turned into (10) __________ and used to enrich the soil in our community garden.

- General Waste – Use this bin for items that cannot be recycled or composted, like broken or dirty packaging.

❗Please remember:

- Do NOT place recyclables in the recycling bins (11) __________ they are properly cleaned.

- All recyclables (12) __________ before being placed in the bins to avoid contamination.

Thank you for helping us reduce waste and protect the planet!

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

Student A: We will help reduce pollution if we ride our bikes or use public transportation.

Student B: __________

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence.

Builders won’t use concrete as much in the future.

=> Concrete _______________________________.

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS: NEW RECYCLING BINS

Dear Residents,

We are excited to inform you that new recycling bins have been installed in our community to improve waste (7) __________ and create a cleaner environment for everyone.

The bins are now in these categories:

- Recyclables – Use this bin for paper, cardboard, plastics, and glass bottles, (8) __________ can be recycled to help reduce waste.

- Organic Waste – This bin is for (9) __________ like food scraps and yard waste. These will be turned into (10) __________ and used to enrich the soil in our community garden.

- General Waste – Use this bin for items that cannot be recycled or composted, like broken or dirty packaging.

❗Please remember:

- Do NOT place recyclables in the recycling bins (11) __________ they are properly cleaned.

- All recyclables (12) __________ before being placed in the bins to avoid contamination.

Thank you for helping us reduce waste and protect the planet!

Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions.

Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leader vie for unrestricted access  to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use.

Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear freshwater for survival.

Which sentence below is NOT correct?

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS: NEW RECYCLING BINS

Dear Residents,

We are excited to inform you that new recycling bins have been installed in our community to improve waste (7) __________ and create a cleaner environment for everyone.

The bins are now in these categories:

- Recyclables – Use this bin for paper, cardboard, plastics, and glass bottles, (8) __________ can be recycled to help reduce waste.

- Organic Waste – This bin is for (9) __________ like food scraps and yard waste. These will be turned into (10) __________ and used to enrich the soil in our community garden.

- General Waste – Use this bin for items that cannot be recycled or composted, like broken or dirty packaging.

❗Please remember:

- Do NOT place recyclables in the recycling bins (11) __________ they are properly cleaned.

- All recyclables (12) __________ before being placed in the bins to avoid contamination.

Thank you for helping us reduce waste and protect the planet!

Read the following leaflet/notice and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS: NEW RECYCLING BINS

Dear Residents,

We are excited to inform you that new recycling bins have been installed in our community to improve waste (7) __________ and create a cleaner environment for everyone.

The bins are now in these categories:

- Recyclables – Use this bin for paper, cardboard, plastics, and glass bottles, (8) __________ can be recycled to help reduce waste.

- Organic Waste – This bin is for (9) __________ like food scraps and yard waste. These will be turned into (10) __________ and used to enrich the soil in our community garden.

- General Waste – Use this bin for items that cannot be recycled or composted, like broken or dirty packaging.

❗Please remember:

- Do NOT place recyclables in the recycling bins (11) __________ they are properly cleaned.

- All recyclables (12) __________ before being placed in the bins to avoid contamination.

Thank you for helping us reduce waste and protect the planet!

Word formation. Do not capitalize answers.

The        of fossil fuels has gradually increased in many countries which is concern for many environmentalists. (CONSUME)