PHẦN I. Câu trắc nghiệm nhiều phương án lựa chọn. Thí sinh trả lời từ câu 1 đến câu 18. Với mỗi câu hỏi, thí sinh chỉ chọn một phương án.

Nitrogen (nitơ, N₂) lỏng được sử dụng để bảo quản thực phẩm, mẫu phẩm trong y học,... Tính chất nào sau đây của nitrogen lỏng không liên quan đến ứng dụng trên

Chức năng nào để điều chỉnh màu sắc cho bức ảnh?

Đọc tư liệu sau đây:

Tuyên bố ASEAN nêu rõ mục đích thành lập của ASEAN:

- Thúc đẩy sự tăng trưởng kinh tế, tiến bộ xã hội và phát triển văn hoá trong khu vực thông qua các nỗ lực chung trên tinh thần bình đẳng và hợp tác nhằm tăng cường cơ sở cho một Cộng đồng các quốc gia Đông Nam Á hoà bình và thịnh vượng.

- Thúc đẩy hoà bình và ổn định khu vực bằng việc tôn trọng công lí và nguyên tắc luật pháp trong quan hệ giữa các quốc gia trong vùng và tuân thủ các nguyên tắc của Hiến chương Liên hợp quốc.

- Thúc đẩy sự cộng tác tích cực và giúp đỡ lẫn nhau trong các vấn đề cùng quan tâm trong các lĩnh vực kinh tế, xã hội, văn hoá, khoa học - kĩ thuật và hành chính,...

 (Theo Tuyên bố ASEAN, Hiệp hội các nước Đông Nam Á (ASEAN), NXB Chính trị quốc gia, 1998, trang 15, 16)

Khi nói về dao động cưỡng bức, phát biểu nào sau đây là đúng?

Read the passage below and choose A, B, C or D to answer each question from 641 to 645.

Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation and the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an almost unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world’s finest large farming regions. These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity.

Similarly, it can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadelphia and Boston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New York’s location at the western end of one of the world’s most important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection (the Hudson- Mohawk Lowland) to the vast Midwestern Hinterland. This account does not alone explain New York’s primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristics as slope, drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help to determine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stages of city development than later.

Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Chicago’s location?

Trong bản đồ trên, dân số và lao động của mỗi tỉnh/thành phố thuộc đồng bằng sông Hồng được thể hiện bằng phương pháp

Trong hộp thoại Script-Fu: Blend, ô Max. Blur radius có giá trị 5 có ý nghĩa gì?

Tiến hành thí nghiệm nuôi một loài động vật thuộc chi Daphnia với mật độ ban đầu là 1 cá thể/ 10 mL, các nhân tố sinh thái khác tối uu cho sự sinh trương cua loài này. Mật độ cá thể ở một số thời điểm thí nghiệm được thể hiện trong bảng sau:

Chu kì dao động kích thước quần thể khi cân bằng với sức chứa của môi trường là bao nhiêu giờ?

Read the following passage about Life in The Future and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

In the near future, technology is expected to bring about significant changes to how we lead our lives. One of the most notable shifts will be the way we keep up with the rapid pace of technological advancements. With smart homes and autonomous vehicles, our daily routines will increasingly depend on sophisticated systems designed to make our lives easier. For example, smart assistants will look out for our needs, such as ordering groceries, adjusting room temperatures, or even scheduling doctor’s appointments.

Another major development will be in communication. Today, we already use video calls to stay in touch with friends and family across the globe, but the future promises even more immersive experiences. Virtual reality could allow us to hang out with people in virtual spaces, regardless of where they physically are. As a result, geographical barriers will become less relevant, creating a more connected and global society.

Healthcare is also likely to transform. Advances in artificial intelligence will enable doctors to look after patients more efficiently, diagnosing diseases earlier and prescribing personalized treatments. These changes may extend our lifespan and improve our quality of life. Additionally, breakthroughs in renewable energy will play a key role in sustaining our future. With green energy sources, such as solar and wind power, we can cut down on harmful emissions and move toward a more sustainable planet.

While these advancements sound exciting, they also bring challenges. As technology becomes more integrated into our lives, we must be careful to ensure privacy and security. We need to watch out for potential risks, like data breaches and the misuse of personal information. With thoughtful planning, however, the future holds great promise for improving the way we live, work, and interact with the world.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Sau Chiến tranh lạnh quan hệ quốc tế chịu sự chi phối của nhân tố chủ yếu nào sau đây?

Cảm xúc mùa thu được sáng tác bằng thể thơ nào?

Cho hai biến cố $A, B$ sao cho $P(A)=0,6$; $P(B)=0,4 ;\, P(A |B)=0,3$. Giá trị của $P(\bar B |A)$ là

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.

     Technology can exert its power on almost every aspect of our lives, and personal relationships are no exception. We are now becoming more attached to technological devices and less connected to the people around us or even our loved ones (18)_________.

     We work longer hours on computers, meet fewer friends, text more often, and watch more videos than have a true conversation with friends or family members. Relationships at home and at work (19)_______. Social media links us all together, but we mistake them for a perfect replacement for relationships. It is time we realised that the power of connections is built from our own efforts. Choosing to stay technologically connected, (20_________, listening, understanding, and sharing feelings. (21)_________.

     It is not difficult to balance between connections through technology and those through real interactions. (22)_________. We should spend more time visiting our parents and siblings, besides keeping in touch with them on social media. We should learn to cherish the moments we spend with them. It is never too late to strengthen the bonds with school friends and teachers.      

Read the following passage about news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

[I] Wildlife conservation refers to the efforts made to protect and preserve wild animal species and their habitats. [II] It is crucial for maintaining biodiversity, which plays a vital role in ecosystem stability and health (Smith & Jones, 2018). [III] Unfortunately, many species are threatened due to habitat destruction, poaching, and climate change, making conservation efforts more urgent than ever. [IV]

One of the primary reasons for wildlife conservation is the preservation of biodiversity. A diverse range of species contributes to ecosystem services, such as pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. The loss of a single species can disrupt these services and lead to ecological imbalances. For instance, the decline of pollinators like bees has serious implications for food production and agriculture (Global Biodiversity Outlook, 2020).

Moreover, wildlife conservation has significant economic benefits. Many communities depend on ecotourism, which relies on healthy wildlife populations and intact ecosystems. According to a study by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), ecotourism can generate billions of dollars in revenue, providing jobs and supporting local economies (WWF, 2021). Protecting wildlife not only safeguards natural resources but also creates sustainable livelihoods for local populations.

However, effective wildlife conservation requires a collaborative approach. Governments, non-governmental organizations, and local communities must work together to implement policies and strategies that promote conservation efforts. Community-based conservation initiatives, where local people actively participate in protecting their natural resources, have shown promising results. These initiatives empower communities and ensure that conservation efforts are tailored to local needs and contexts (Bennett & Dearden, 2014).

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?