Read the passage below and choose A, B, C or D to fill in each blank.

There are more than one billion cows in the world, and cow farming is a large source of methane emissions. This colorless and odorless gas (631) ____ at warming the earth.

Farmers and companies are developing solutions for (632) _____. In Canada and Brazil, farmers started adding a special ingredient to their animals' feed to reduce cows' methane production. In New Zealand, scientists are working on a vaccine which can cut methane emissions. Rather than stopping methane emissions, a UK company has designed face masks to catch the gas (633) ______.

The masks will allow cows to continue their normal diet but will turn methane into CO2 and water. They can fit comfortably on the cow's head and can be adjusted to different head sizes. Sensors on the masks can notice when methane comes out of the cow's mouth and provide the percentage of the gas (634)_____. This information can also be useful for farmers who can use it to (635) __________ the early signs of disease. For example, if a cow eats less, but produces more methane than usual, it may have a health problem.

It is predicted that the need for beef and dairy products will go up in the coming years. The company developing the methane-catching masks hopes that farmers will start using their invention, which will slow down global warming.

Phân tử nào sau đây khác với các phân tử còn lại?

Phát biểu đúng về mô phân sinh bên và mô phân sinh lóng?

Một nhóm nghiên cứu quốc tế, do các nhà khoa học ở ĐH bang Penn dẫn dắt, sử dụng thiết bị NIRSpec ở JWST, một phần của khảo sát RUBIES, đã nhận diện được ba thiên thể bí ẩn của vũ trụ sớm, vào khoảng 600 đến 800 triệu năm sau Big Bang, khi vũ trụ này mới chỉ bằng 5% độ tuổi hiện nay. Họ loan báo phát hiện của mình trên tạp chí Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Các nhà nghiên cứu rất ngạc nhiên khi khám phá ra các dấu hiệu của các lỗ đen siêu khối lượng ở các thiên thể đó, ước tính lớn hơn 100 đến 1.000 lần so với lỗ đen siêu khối lượng của dải Ngân hà của chúng tNgười ta không chờ đợi điều này trong những mô hình hiện tại về sự tăng trưởng của thiên hà và sự hình thành của lỗ đen siêu khối lượng, vốn chỉ cho thấy các thiên hà và các lỗ đen của nó phát triển cùng nhau qua hàng tỉ năm trong lịch sử vũ trụ.

“Các lỗ đen siêu khối lượng thông thường đều kết cặp với các thiên hà”, Leja nói. “Chúng lớn lên cùng nhau và cùng trải qua mọi sự kiện lớn trong đời cùng nhau. Nhưng tại đây, chúng tôi có một lỗ đen trưởng thành hoàn toàn tồn tại bên ngoài cái gọi là một thiên hà trẻ. Điều này thực sự không có ý nghĩa bởi chúng phải lớn lên cùng nhau hoặc ít nhất đó là điều chúng tôi vẫn nghĩ”.

Leja giải thích, nếu bạn lấy Ngân hà và nén lại bằng kích thước các thiên hà họ tìm thấy, ngôi sao gần nhất hầu như có thể là hệ mặt trời của chúng tLỗ đen siêu khối lượng của Ngân hà, vốn cách xa khoảng 26.000 năm ánh sáng, có thể chỉ còn cách trái đất 26 năm ánh sáng và hiển thị rõ trên bầu trời như một cột ánh sáng khổng lồ.

“Những thiên hà sớm có thể dày đặc sao – các ngôi sao phải được hình thành theo một cách mà chúng ta chưa bao giờ thấy, trong những điều kiện mà chúng ta chưa bao giờ chờ đợi trong suốt một thời kỳ nhưng chúng ta chưa từng thấy chúng”, Leja nói. “Và dù do nguyên nhân nào thì vũ trụ này đã dừng ghi nhận sự xuất hiện của những thiên thể như chúng sau một vài tỉ năm. Chúng là những thiên thể độc đáo của vũ trụ sớm”.

(Thanh Phương tổng hợp, Tranh luận về những thiên thể nhỏ phát sáng ở vũ trụ sớm, Tạp chí Tia sáng, ngày 04/07/2024)

So sánh với lỗ đen siêu khối lượng của dải Ngân hà, các lỗ đen siêu khối lượng trong các thiên thể mới phát hiện có kích thước như thế nào?

Chất hữu cơ được vận chuyển trong mạch rây có nguồn gốc từ đâu?

Ví dụ nào dưới đây thể hiện khả năng tự điều chỉnh của các cấp độ tổ chức sống?

Read the following passage about the future of energy and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

     [I] As the world grapples with the finite nature of fossil fuel reserves and the detrimental impact of climate change, the future of energy undeniably lies in renewable sources. [II] Scientists and engineers are making substantial advancements in the development of technologies that more efficiently harness solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy. [III] Although the transition to these renewable sources presents significant challenges, it is also regarded as a pivotal step towards establishing a sustainable and resilient energy system. [IV]

     One of the most promising advancements in renewable energy is the enhancement of solar panel efficiency. Progress in photovoltaic technology has led to the creation of panels that convert a higher proportion of sunlight into electricity. Likewise, wind turbines are becoming more and more efficient. They are capable of generating power even under low-wind conditions. These innovations are essential for making renewable energy more feasible and accessible to a broader population.

     However, the transition to renewable energy is fraught with obstacles. The intermittent nature of sources like solar and wind necessitates reliable storage solutions to ensure a consistent power supply. Although battery technology has seen significant improvements, further advancements are imperative to meet growing demand. Moreover, new infrastructure for distributing renewable energy requires expansion and upgrading to accommodate these new power sources.

     The economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy is another critical consideration. While the initial investment in renewable energy infrastructure can be substantial, the long-term benefits include reduced energy costs and job creation in the green energy sector. Governments and private enterprises are increasingly acknowledging the necessity of investing in renewable energy projects, which is crucial for fostering innovation and diminishing reliance on fossil fuels.

     Ultimately, the future of energy hinges on our capacity to innovate and adapt. By continuing to invest in research and development, improving infrastructure, and addressing economic and technical challenges, we can transition towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy system.

Which of the following best summarises the passage?

Lipid tan trong

Read the passage carefully. Choose an option (A, B, C or D) that best answers each question from 23 to 30.

1. How do children learn about wildlife? And is what they learn the sort of thing they should be learning? It is my belief that children should not just be acquiring knowledge of animals but also developing attitudes and feelings towards them based on exposure to the real lives of animals in their natural habitats. But is this happening?

2. Some research in this area indicates that it is not. Learning about animals in school is often completely disconnected from the real lives of real animals, with the result that children often end up with little or no understanding or lasting knowledge of them. They learn factual information about animals, aimed at enabling them to identify them and have various abstract ideas about them, but that is the extent of their learning. Children's storybooks tend to personify animals as characters rather than teach about them.

3. For direct contact with wild and international animals, the only opportunity most children have is visiting a zoo. The educational benefit of this for children is often given as the main reason for doing it but research has shown that zoo visits seldom add to children's knowledge of animals – the animals are simply like exhibits in a museum that the children look at without engaging with them as living creatures. Children who belong to wildlife or environmental organizations or who watch wildlife TV programmes, however, show significantly higher knowledge than any other group of children studied in research. The studies show that if children learn about animals in their natural habitats, particularly through wildlife-based activities, they know more about them than they do as a result of visiting zoos or learning about them in the classroom.

4. Research has also been done into the attitudes of children towards animals. It shows that in general terms, children form strong attachments to individual animals, usually their pets, but do not have strong feelings for animals in general. This attitude is the norm regardless of the amount or kind of learning about animals they have at school. However, those children who watch television wildlife programs show an interest in and affection for wildlife in its natural environment, and their regard for animals in general is higher.

According to the third paragraph, which method is most effective for children to learn about animals?

Hai chuỗi polynucleotide của phân tử DNA liên kết với nhau bằng loại liên kết gì?

Read the following passage about the future of energy and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

     [I] As the world grapples with the finite nature of fossil fuel reserves and the detrimental impact of climate change, the future of energy undeniably lies in renewable sources. [II] Scientists and engineers are making substantial advancements in the development of technologies that more efficiently harness solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy. [III] Although the transition to these renewable sources presents significant challenges, it is also regarded as a pivotal step towards establishing a sustainable and resilient energy system. [IV]

     One of the most promising advancements in renewable energy is the enhancement of solar panel efficiency. Progress in photovoltaic technology has led to the creation of panels that convert a higher proportion of sunlight into electricity. Likewise, wind turbines are becoming more and more efficient. They are capable of generating power even under low-wind conditions. These innovations are essential for making renewable energy more feasible and accessible to a broader population.

     However, the transition to renewable energy is fraught with obstacles. The intermittent nature of sources like solar and wind necessitates reliable storage solutions to ensure a consistent power supply. Although battery technology has seen significant improvements, further advancements are imperative to meet growing demand. Moreover, new infrastructure for distributing renewable energy requires expansion and upgrading to accommodate these new power sources.

     The economic impact of transitioning to renewable energy is another critical consideration. While the initial investment in renewable energy infrastructure can be substantial, the long-term benefits include reduced energy costs and job creation in the green energy sector. Governments and private enterprises are increasingly acknowledging the necessity of investing in renewable energy projects, which is crucial for fostering innovation and diminishing reliance on fossil fuels.

     Ultimately, the future of energy hinges on our capacity to innovate and adapt. By continuing to invest in research and development, improving infrastructure, and addressing economic and technical challenges, we can transition towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy system.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Tất cả cấp độ tổ chức cơ bản của thế giới sống đều được cấu tạo từ

Một trong những nhược điểm của cơ chế thị trường là gì?

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Although many items end up in the trash after we use them, some clever designers are creating things that can be fixed or recycled when they break.

b. When I bought my water bottle last year, I chose one that will last a long time because it is made from strong materials that don't harm nature.

c. Since more people care about the environment, which makes me hopeful, many shops now sell products that are designed to be part of the circular economy.

d. When companies make products that can be reused, they help our planet stay clean and healthy.

e. If we build phones that are easy to repair, which saves us money, we won't need to buy new ones so often.

Thế năng trọng trường là đại lượng

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.: digestion suggestion question attraction

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer.

Global Issues: Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment

Gender equality means that men and women have equal power and equal opportunities for financial independence, education, and personal development. Women's empowerment is a critical aspect of achieving gender equality. It includes increasing a woman's sense of self-worth, her decision-making power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power and control over her own life inside and outside the home, and her ability to effect change. Yet gender issues are not focused on women alone, but on the relationship between men and women in society. The actions and attitudes of men and boys play an essential role in achieving gender equality.

Education is a key area of focus. Although the world is making progress in achieving gender parity in education, girls still make up a higher percentage of out-of-school children than boys. Approximately one quarter of girls in the developing world do not attend school. Typically, families with limited means who cannot afford costs such as school fees, uniforms, and supplies for all of their children will prioritize education for their sons. Families may also rely on girls' labor for household chores, carrying water, and childcare, leaving limited time for schooling. But prioritizing girls' education provides perhaps the single highest return on investment in the developing world. An educated girl is more likely to postpone marriage, raise a smaller family, have healthier children, and send her own children to school. She has more opportunities to earn an income and to participate in political processes, and she is less likely to become infected with HIV.

Women's health and safety is another important area. HIV/AIDS is becoming an increasingly impactful issue for women. This can be related to women having fewer opportunities for health education, unequal power in sexual partnership, or as a result of gender-based violence. Maternal health is also an issue of specific concern. In many countries, women have limited access to prenatal and infant care, and are more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and childbirth. This is a critical concern in countries where girls marry and have children before they are ready; often well before the age of 18. Quality maternal health care can provide an important entry point for information and services that empower mothers as informed decision-makers concerning their own health and the health of their children.

A final area of focus in attaining gender equality is women's economic and political empowerment. Though women comprise more than 50% of the world's population, they only own 1% of the world's wealth. Throughout the world, women and girls perform long hours of unpaid domestic work. In some places, women still lack rights to own land or to inherit property, obtain access to credit, earn income, or to move up in their workplace, free from job discrimination. At all levels, including at home and in the public arena, women are widely underrepresented as decision-makers. In legislatures around the world, women are outnumbered 4 to 1, yet women's political participation is crucial for achieving gender equality and genuine democracy.

According to the passage, why is maternal infant and child health important to a community?

Người ta bắn một viên bi với vận tốc ban đầu 5 m/s theo phương xiên 35^o so với phương nằm ngang. Coi sức cản của không khí là không đáng kể. Lấy g = 9,8 m/s². Tầm cao của viên bi và thời gian để đạt tầm cao đó lần lượt là

Xác định thành phần nguyên tử (số proton, neutron, electron), số hiệu nguyên tử, điện tích hạt nhân của các nguyên tử và điền vào bảng sau:

Thế kỉ XVI, XVII các nước Mỹ La-tinh là thuộc địa của thực dân nào sau đây?

Ý nào dưới đây không phải là chức năng của giá cả thị trường?