Mark the letter A, B, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the blanks. The concept of time zones was invented to solve a pressing issue (18) ________ in the 19th century. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun. This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________. The man credited with the invention of time zones is Sir Sandford Fleming. A Canadian engineer, Fleming proposed a worldwide system of time zones in 1879 after missing a train in Ireland because its printed schedule listed a PM time as an AM. His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________. Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. The International Meridian Conference, held in Washington D.C. in 1884, adopted his system. As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________. Today, time zones are an essential part of our global society, facilitating everything from travel to international business. Fleming’s contribution remains a prime example of practical problem-solving which leads to a revolutionary change in how the world operates. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun.

Câu 25:

Mark the letter A, B, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the blanks.

The concept of time zones was invented to solve a pressing issue (18) ________ in the 19th century. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun. This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________.

The man credited with the invention of time zones is Sir Sandford Fleming. A Canadian engineer, Fleming proposed a worldwide system of time zones in 1879 after missing a train in Ireland because its printed schedule listed a PM time as an AM. His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________.

Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. The International Meridian Conference, held in Washington D.C. in 1884, adopted his system. As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________.

Today, time zones are an essential part of our global society, facilitating everything from travel to international business. Fleming’s contribution remains a prime example of practical problem-solving which leads to a revolutionary change in how the world operates.

This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________

Lời giải:

Đáp án đúng: B

Cần một mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ "trains" (các đoàn tàu).

Mệnh đề quan hệ phải bắt đầu bằng đại từ quan hệ (that hoặc which) và theo sau là động từ chia theo chủ ngữ (trains - số nhiều, thì quá khứ/hiện tại).

B. that travelled across different cities and regions: Sử dụng đại từ quan hệ "that" và động từ "travelled" (chia ở thì quá khứ đơn, phù hợp với ngữ cảnh). Câu này đúng cấu trúc và ý nghĩa: ...gây ra hỗn loạn cho việc sắp xếp lịch trình cho các đoàn tàu mà đã đi qua các thành phố và khu vực khác nhau.

Câu 26:

Mark the letter A, B, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the blanks.

The concept of time zones was invented to solve a pressing issue (18) ________ in the 19th century. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun. This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________.

The man credited with the invention of time zones is Sir Sandford Fleming. A Canadian engineer, Fleming proposed a worldwide system of time zones in 1879 after missing a train in Ireland because its printed schedule listed a PM time as an AM. His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________.

Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. The International Meridian Conference, held in Washington D.C. in 1884, adopted his system. As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________.

Today, time zones are an essential part of our global society, facilitating everything from travel to international business. Fleming’s contribution remains a prime example of practical problem-solving which leads to a revolutionary change in how the world operates.

His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________

Lời giải:

Đáp án đúng: D

Cần một cụm từ để bổ sung thông tin cho "twenty-four hour-long segments" (24 phân đoạn kéo dài một giờ) và mô tả mỗi phân đoạn đó.

D. each of which covering 15 degrees of longitude: Đây là một dạng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định rút gọn (non-defining relative clause).

Mệnh đề đầy đủ là: ...segments, each of which covers 15 degrees... (mỗi cái trong số đó bao phủ 15 độ...).

Dạng rút gọn: Khi động từ chính ở dạng V-ing, ta rút gọn thành "each of which + V-ing".

Cấu trúc "each of which + V-ing" là cách chính xác để bổ sung thông tin chi tiết về từng thành phần trong một tập hợp đã được đề cập (segments).

A, B, C đều là cấu trúc sai ngữ pháp để bổ nghĩa trong trường hợp này (cần đại từ quan hệ hoặc liên từ, không thể dùng câu độc lập).

Câu 27:

Mark the letter A, B, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the blanks.

The concept of time zones was invented to solve a pressing issue (18) ________ in the 19th century. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun. This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________.

The man credited with the invention of time zones is Sir Sandford Fleming. A Canadian engineer, Fleming proposed a worldwide system of time zones in 1879 after missing a train in Ireland because its printed schedule listed a PM time as an AM. His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________.

Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. The International Meridian Conference, held in Washington D.C. in 1884, adopted his system. As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________.

Today, time zones are an essential part of our global society, facilitating everything from travel to international business. Fleming’s contribution remains a prime example of practical problem-solving which leads to a revolutionary change in how the world operates.

Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded

Lời giải:

Đáp án đúng: A

Chỗ trống (22) cần một câu nối để chỉ ra sự tương phản (từ câu trước) và sự phát triển (dẫn đến hành động tiếp theo).

Câu trước: Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (Ý tưởng ban đầu bị phản đối.)

Liên từ: (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. (Ngành đường sắt và điện báo mở rộng.)

A. However, the growing need for standardization became evident: Sử dụng However (Tuy nhiên) để chỉ sự tương phản giữa sự phản đối và nhu cầu tiêu chuẩn hóa ngày càng rõ ràng. Đây là câu có nghĩa logic và cấu trúc ngữ pháp đúng nhất: Tuy nhiên, nhu cầu ngày càng tăng về việc tiêu chuẩn hóa trở nên rõ ràng khi...

Câu 28:

Mark the letter A, B, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the blanks.

The concept of time zones was invented to solve a pressing issue (18) ________ in the 19th century. (19) ________, each city operated on its own local time, usually set according to the position of the sun. This was practical for local scheduling but created chaos for scheduling trains (20) ________.

The man credited with the invention of time zones is Sir Sandford Fleming. A Canadian engineer, Fleming proposed a worldwide system of time zones in 1879 after missing a train in Ireland because its printed schedule listed a PM time as an AM. His proposal divided the world into twenty-four hour-long segments, (21) ________.

Initially, Fleming’s idea was met with resistance. (22) ________ as rail and telegraph networks expanded. The International Meridian Conference, held in Washington D.C. in 1884, adopted his system. As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________.

Today, time zones are an essential part of our global society, facilitating everything from travel to international business. Fleming’s contribution remains a prime example of practical problem-solving which leads to a revolutionary change in how the world operates.

As a result, the world's major countries agreed to use a single meridian, running through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, (23) ________

Lời giải:

Đáp án đúng: C

Cần một cụm từ để mô tả mục đích hoặc chức năng của kinh tuyến chạy qua Greenwich.

C. as the reference point for calculating time: Sử dụng "as" (như là) để chỉ vai trò/chức năng của kinh tuyến (Greenwich Meridian) là "điểm tham chiếu để tính toán thời gian". Cụm này là cách diễn đạt chính xác nhất và trang trọng nhất.

A. Being the reference point... là mệnh đề phân từ, có thể đúng nhưng hơi dài dòng và C rõ ràng hơn.

B, D. Sai cấu trúc/cách diễn đạt.

Câu 1:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from that of the other three in pronunciation

Lời giải:

Đáp án đúng: C

Các từ có phát âm như sau:

A. make /meɪk/

B. male /meɪl/

C. nag /næɡ/

D. same /seɪm/

Vậy đáp án là C.

Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from that of the other three in pronunciation

Lời giải: