Câu hỏi:

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.

1. Many parents have busy schedules, which often leads to establishing routines and making decisions without seeking input from their children. Although parents always intend to do what is best for their children, they sometimes believe that their choices are the best without consulting them. Mediatrice Uwababyeyi, a mother of five, notes that in many families, children rarely participate in decision-making, and decisions are made without involving them.

2. Experts agree that involving children in family decisions is crucial for their development and well-being. Jeaninne Kampire emphasizes that family participation is vital for early childhood progress and for achieving better family outcomes. Allowing children to express their thoughts and concerns helps build stronger bonds within the family and creates a sense of shared responsibility and understanding.

3. Research supports the idea that giving children a voice in decision-making promotes self-esteem and confidence. When children are allowed to share their feelings and opinions, they learn to value themselves and their input. This boosts their self-worth and helps them grow into confident adults who are able to communicate their ideas effectively. Pascal Nshimiyimukiza, a father of six, believes that involving children in decisions creates a sense of value and enhances their ability to learn and develop.

4. Involving children in family decisions also strengthens the parent-child relationship. According to Uwababyeyi, when children have a voice in decisions, it fosters better communication between parents and children, especially during the teenage years. Children who participate in family decisions are more likely to behave well, respect adults, and develop a stronger understanding of their family dynamics. This approach supports the mental health and safety of children, benefiting both the family and society.

In which paragraph does the writer mention investing in children’s future communication and social skills?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

The phrase make up in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Which of the following best summarises paragraph 1?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

The word those in paragraph 2 refers to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

The word degraded in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the consequences of rapid population growth in Africa’s Sahel region?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

Every year, an area roughly the size of half the European Union is degraded, with Africa and Asia being the most impacted

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

1. As global temperatures rise and the population increases, desertification is becoming a growing concern. Desertification is the process in which land that was once fertile and suitable for farming becomes desert. This occurs mainly in drylands, which include arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions. [I] These areas have low or unpredictable rainfall and make up more than 40% of the Earth's land.

2. Desertification affects over 100 countries, especially those with poor communities that depend on farming for survival. According to the European Commission’s World Atlas of Desertification, more than 75% of the Earth's land has already been degraded, and by 2050, up to 90% of the land could be affected. [II]

3. The causes of land degradation differ from one region to another. [III] In Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, excessive irrigation for agriculture has caused the Aral Sea to shrink, turning it into a salty desert. In Africa’s Sahel region, rapid population growth has led to more wood cutting, illegal farming, and land clearing for housing. These activities have worsened the state of the land.

4. Climate change may worsen desertification. [IV] A 2-degree Celsius rise in temperature could cause southern Spain to turn into desert, and 30% of the Earth’s land could dry out. When land becomes desert, it can no longer support human life or animals. Food cannot grow, water becomes scarce, and habitats disappear. This can lead to health problems, such as malnutrition and diseases from dust and contaminated water.

5. In 1994, the United Nations created the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). This agreement involves 122 countries that have committed to protecting the land and preventing desertification. The UNCCD supports projects like the Great Green Wall in Africa to restore land and improve land management. Similar efforts are taking place in China.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?