Câu hỏi:

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 10.

1. Katherine Coleman was born on August 26, 1918, in West Virginia. [I] Katherine was exceptionally bright and finished high school at just 13 years old. She then enrolled at West Virginia State, a historically Black college, and graduated at 18 with a double degree in French and math. Soon after, she began teaching and met her future husband, Jimmie Goble. [II]

2. In 1939, Katherine and Jimmie married. That same year, Katherine was invited to join West Virginia University as one of its first Black graduate students. [III] Although she had a passion for advanced mathematics, Katherine chose not to complete her graduate studies, as she felt that teaching was the most practical profession for her as an educated Black woman. The couple had three daughters, and in 1947, Katherine returned to teaching. In 1951, the family relocated to Virginia, where Katherine learned about a job opening at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which was hiring women with strong mathematical skills. [IV] These women were referred to as "computers" because they performed complex calculations for male engineers.

3. Although NACA was segregated, federal law required that Black women be given equal employment opportunities. Katherine applied for the position and was hired a year later. On her first day, she was impressed by the professional atmosphere. Her exceptional ability in mathematics quickly gained her the respect of her colleagues. She demonstrated her skills when she identified an error in an engineer’s calculations, which earned her a prominent role on the team.

4. After her husband's death in 1956, Katherine focused on her work and daughters. When NACA became NASA, she played a key role in the effort to send astronauts into space. She was responsible for calculating the path for astronaut John Glenn’s orbital flight in 1962. Her calculations were crucial to Glenn’s success. Katherine also contributed to the Apollo moon landing in 1969 and continued working on space projects, including Mars exploration. She retired in 1986 and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015. Katherine passed away in 2020 at the age of 101.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 10.

1. Katherine Coleman was born on August 26, 1918, in West Virginia. [I] Katherine was exceptionally bright and finished high school at just 13 years old. She then enrolled at West Virginia State, a historically Black college, and graduated at 18 with a double degree in French and math. Soon after, she began teaching and met her future husband, Jimmie Goble. [II]

2. In 1939, Katherine and Jimmie married. That same year, Katherine was invited to join West Virginia University as one of its first Black graduate students. [III] Although she had a passion for advanced mathematics, Katherine chose not to complete her graduate studies, as she felt that teaching was the most practical profession for her as an educated Black woman. The couple had three daughters, and in 1947, Katherine returned to teaching. In 1951, the family relocated to Virginia, where Katherine learned about a job opening at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which was hiring women with strong mathematical skills. [IV] These women were referred to as "computers" because they performed complex calculations for male engineers.

3. Although NACA was segregated, federal law required that Black women be given equal employment opportunities. Katherine applied for the position and was hired a year later. On her first day, she was impressed by the professional atmosphere. Her exceptional ability in mathematics quickly gained her the respect of her colleagues. She demonstrated her skills when she identified an error in an engineer’s calculations, which earned her a prominent role on the team.

4. After her husband's death in 1956, Katherine focused on her work and daughters. When NACA became NASA, she played a key role in the effort to send astronauts into space. She was responsible for calculating the path for astronaut John Glenn’s orbital flight in 1962. Her calculations were crucial to Glenn’s success. Katherine also contributed to the Apollo moon landing in 1969 and continued working on space projects, including Mars exploration. She retired in 1986 and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015. Katherine passed away in 2020 at the age of 101.

Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.

The digital world often resembles a vast and bustling marketplace, where diverse voices and expressions converge. Online slang, a product of internet cultures, (11) _______. This evolving language, shaped by the immediate needs and shared humor of online communities, serves as a dynamic digital dialect. (12) _______.

For instance, when someone types "LOL," it signifies a universal expression of laughter. However, as one navigates different corners of the internet, such as region-specific platforms or niche-interest forums, the language shifts considerably. (13) _______, replaced by terms reflecting local culture, historical influences, or platform-specific inside jokes.

This variation underscores the fact that communication, even in its informal digital form, remains deeply intertwined with shared cultural understandings. It highlights differences not only in language but also in humor, social norms, and community-building practices. (14) _______.

Understanding these variations requires recognizing that (15) _______. The language we use online is shaped by our offline lives, national histories, local customs, and the platforms we engage with. A term widely used in a South Korean gaming community, for example, may be completely unknown in a Brazilian fashion forum.

Choose the best answer for question 11:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.

The digital world often resembles a vast and bustling marketplace, where diverse voices and expressions converge. Online slang, a product of internet cultures, (11) _______. This evolving language, shaped by the immediate needs and shared humor of online communities, serves as a dynamic digital dialect. (12) _______.

For instance, when someone types "LOL," it signifies a universal expression of laughter. However, as one navigates different corners of the internet, such as region-specific platforms or niche-interest forums, the language shifts considerably. (13) _______, replaced by terms reflecting local culture, historical influences, or platform-specific inside jokes.

This variation underscores the fact that communication, even in its informal digital form, remains deeply intertwined with shared cultural understandings. It highlights differences not only in language but also in humor, social norms, and community-building practices. (14) _______.

Understanding these variations requires recognizing that (15) _______. The language we use online is shaped by our offline lives, national histories, local customs, and the platforms we engage with. A term widely used in a South Korean gaming community, for example, may be completely unknown in a Brazilian fashion forum.

Choose the best answer for question 12:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.

The digital world often resembles a vast and bustling marketplace, where diverse voices and expressions converge. Online slang, a product of internet cultures, (11) _______. This evolving language, shaped by the immediate needs and shared humor of online communities, serves as a dynamic digital dialect. (12) _______.

For instance, when someone types "LOL," it signifies a universal expression of laughter. However, as one navigates different corners of the internet, such as region-specific platforms or niche-interest forums, the language shifts considerably. (13) _______, replaced by terms reflecting local culture, historical influences, or platform-specific inside jokes.

This variation underscores the fact that communication, even in its informal digital form, remains deeply intertwined with shared cultural understandings. It highlights differences not only in language but also in humor, social norms, and community-building practices. (14) _______.

Understanding these variations requires recognizing that (15) _______. The language we use online is shaped by our offline lives, national histories, local customs, and the platforms we engage with. A term widely used in a South Korean gaming community, for example, may be completely unknown in a Brazilian fashion forum.

Choose the best answer for question 13:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.

The digital world often resembles a vast and bustling marketplace, where diverse voices and expressions converge. Online slang, a product of internet cultures, (11) _______. This evolving language, shaped by the immediate needs and shared humor of online communities, serves as a dynamic digital dialect. (12) _______.

For instance, when someone types "LOL," it signifies a universal expression of laughter. However, as one navigates different corners of the internet, such as region-specific platforms or niche-interest forums, the language shifts considerably. (13) _______, replaced by terms reflecting local culture, historical influences, or platform-specific inside jokes.

This variation underscores the fact that communication, even in its informal digital form, remains deeply intertwined with shared cultural understandings. It highlights differences not only in language but also in humor, social norms, and community-building practices. (14) _______.

Understanding these variations requires recognizing that (15) _______. The language we use online is shaped by our offline lives, national histories, local customs, and the platforms we engage with. A term widely used in a South Korean gaming community, for example, may be completely unknown in a Brazilian fashion forum.

Choose the best answer for question 14:

Read the following passage and choose the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.

The digital world often resembles a vast and bustling marketplace, where diverse voices and expressions converge. Online slang, a product of internet cultures, (11) _______. This evolving language, shaped by the immediate needs and shared humor of online communities, serves as a dynamic digital dialect. (12) _______.

For instance, when someone types "LOL," it signifies a universal expression of laughter. However, as one navigates different corners of the internet, such as region-specific platforms or niche-interest forums, the language shifts considerably. (13) _______, replaced by terms reflecting local culture, historical influences, or platform-specific inside jokes.

This variation underscores the fact that communication, even in its informal digital form, remains deeply intertwined with shared cultural understandings. It highlights differences not only in language but also in humor, social norms, and community-building practices. (14) _______.

Understanding these variations requires recognizing that (15) _______. The language we use online is shaped by our offline lives, national histories, local customs, and the platforms we engage with. A term widely used in a South Korean gaming community, for example, may be completely unknown in a Brazilian fashion forum.

Choose the best answer for question 15:

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 16 to 23.

1. Conscious consumerism involves making informed purchasing decisions that prioritize ethical practices and environmental sustainability. This growing movement is reshaping consumer behavior and brand loyalty by encouraging individuals to select products and companies that align with their values. At the core of conscious consumerism are principles such as transparency, ethical sourcing, and sustainable practices. For instance, companies like BerryStreet are committed to environmental sustainability and fair labor practices. It is important for consumers to research the products they purchase and support companies that are accountable for their supply chain practices.

2. Opting for sustainable products helps minimize our ecological footprint. Supporting environmentally conscious brands aids in reducing resource depletion and curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Choosing sustainable alternatives also contributes to preserving biodiversity, conserving habitats, and using resources in a more responsible manner. This approach not only creates a healthier environment for us but also for future generations, showing how our purchases can contribute to conservation.

3. Conscious consumerism supports ethical brands that reflect our values. By making ethical choices, we encourage businesses to treat workers and communities with respect. Supporting these brands strengthens our purchasing power and fosters an economy based on equality and sustainability. This shift encourages more businesses to adopt socially responsible practices, thereby nurturing a culture of responsibility in the marketplace.

4. One significant obstacle to conscious consumerism is greenwashing, where companies exaggerate or misrepresent their environmental efforts. To combat this, consumers must carefully scrutinize product labels, verify sustainability claims, and understand the difference between real sustainability and greenwashing marketing. Economic challenges also limit access to sustainable products, but by pushing for more affordable options, we can create a fairer market for everyone.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a principle conscious consumerism in the passage?

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 16 to 23.

1. Conscious consumerism involves making informed purchasing decisions that prioritize ethical practices and environmental sustainability. This growing movement is reshaping consumer behavior and brand loyalty by encouraging individuals to select products and companies that align with their values. At the core of conscious consumerism are principles such as transparency, ethical sourcing, and sustainable practices. For instance, companies like BerryStreet are committed to environmental sustainability and fair labor practices. It is important for consumers to research the products they purchase and support companies that are accountable for their supply chain practices.

2. Opting for sustainable products helps minimize our ecological footprint. Supporting environmentally conscious brands aids in reducing resource depletion and curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Choosing sustainable alternatives also contributes to preserving biodiversity, conserving habitats, and using resources in a more responsible manner. This approach not only creates a healthier environment for us but also for future generations, showing how our purchases can contribute to conservation.

3. Conscious consumerism supports ethical brands that reflect our values. By making ethical choices, we encourage businesses to treat workers and communities with respect. Supporting these brands strengthens our purchasing power and fosters an economy based on equality and sustainability. This shift encourages more businesses to adopt socially responsible practices, thereby nurturing a culture of responsibility in the marketplace.

4. One significant obstacle to conscious consumerism is greenwashing, where companies exaggerate or misrepresent their environmental efforts. To combat this, consumers must carefully scrutinize product labels, verify sustainability claims, and understand the difference between real sustainability and greenwashing marketing. Economic challenges also limit access to sustainable products, but by pushing for more affordable options, we can create a fairer market for everyone.

The word they in paragraph 1 refers to __________

Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions from 16 to 23.

1. Conscious consumerism involves making informed purchasing decisions that prioritize ethical practices and environmental sustainability. This growing movement is reshaping consumer behavior and brand loyalty by encouraging individuals to select products and companies that align with their values. At the core of conscious consumerism are principles such as transparency, ethical sourcing, and sustainable practices. For instance, companies like BerryStreet are committed to environmental sustainability and fair labor practices. It is important for consumers to research the products they purchase and support companies that are accountable for their supply chain practices.

2. Opting for sustainable products helps minimize our ecological footprint. Supporting environmentally conscious brands aids in reducing resource depletion and curtailing greenhouse gas emissions. Choosing sustainable alternatives also contributes to preserving biodiversity, conserving habitats, and using resources in a more responsible manner. This approach not only creates a healthier environment for us but also for future generations, showing how our purchases can contribute to conservation.

3. Conscious consumerism supports ethical brands that reflect our values. By making ethical choices, we encourage businesses to treat workers and communities with respect. Supporting these brands strengthens our purchasing power and fosters an economy based on equality and sustainability. This shift encourages more businesses to adopt socially responsible practices, thereby nurturing a culture of responsibility in the marketplace.

4. One significant obstacle to conscious consumerism is greenwashing, where companies exaggerate or misrepresent their environmental efforts. To combat this, consumers must carefully scrutinize product labels, verify sustainability claims, and understand the difference between real sustainability and greenwashing marketing. Economic challenges also limit access to sustainable products, but by pushing for more affordable options, we can create a fairer market for everyone.

The word curtailing in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to __________