Một cửa hàng phân phối gạo với chi phí mua vào là \[30\] nghìn đồng/\[1{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \,{\rm{kg}}\], bán ra là \[35\]nghìn đồng/\[1{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \,{\rm{kg}}\]. Với giá bán này thì số gạo bán được trong một tháng là \[12\,000{\kern 1pt} \,{\rm{kg}}\]. Để đẩy mạnh hơn nữa doanh số tiêu thụ gạo trong một tháng, cửa hàng dự định giảm giá bán và ước tính rằng nếu giảm \[1\] nghìn đồng/\[{\rm{1}}\,{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\rm{kg}}\] thì số lượng gạo bán ra trong một tháng sẽ tăng thêm \[4\,000{\kern 1pt} \,{\rm{kg}}\]. Cửa hàng phải định giá bán gạo mới là bao nhiêu nghìn đồng một kilôgam thì lợi nhuận thu được trong tháng cao nhất?

Tại sao Chính phủ và Uỷ ban nhân dân được gọi là cơ quan hành chính nhà nước?

Read the following passage about Building Understanding Across Nations and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the  following questions from 23 to 30.

In our interconnected world, cultural ambassadors play a vital role in bridging the gaps between different nations and peoples. These dedicated individuals and groups serve as links between cultures, fostering mutual understanding and respect through various activities and programs. Their mission is to showcase their own cultural heritage while learning about and appreciating others, creating pathways for meaningful dialogue and lasting connections across borders.

Cultural ambassadors employ numerous methods to achieve their goals. They organize traditional festivals and art exhibitions that display unique customs, allowing visitors to experience different cultures firsthand. Language exchange programs enable people to communicate more effectively, while cultural workshops teach traditional crafts, music, and dance. These ambassadors also utilize digital platforms to reach wider audiences, sharing stories and traditions through social media and online events that connect people from different corners of the world.

Despite their important work, cultural ambassadors face several challenges in their mission. Stereotypes and prejudices can create barriers to understanding, while language differences sometimes lead to misunderstandings. Limited resources and funding may restrict their activities, and political tensions between nations can complicate their efforts. However, these dedicated individuals persist in their work, believing that personal connections and shared experiences can overcome these obstacles and promote harmony among different communities.

Looking ahead, the role of cultural ambassadors becomes increasingly significant in our global society. Their efforts to build bridges between nations contribute to reducing conflicts and fostering peace. Through their continued dedication to promoting cross-cultural understanding, these ambassadors help create a more inclusive and connected world where differences are celebrated rather than feared. This ongoing process of cultural exchange remains essential for building a future based on mutual respect and cooperation.

The word “their” in paragraph 2 refers to _________.

Read the following notice about a new travel platform and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6

MAKING HONEY

Do you like honey? Honey is a natural product, and it is made by honey bees. It has (1) __________ , which some people prefer to ordinary sugar. Sometimes it’s possible to know (2) __________  the flavour what kind of flowers the bees visited before producing the honey. Have you ever (3) __________  about how honey is produced? Beekeepers – people who look after bees are very important in the making of honey. They let the bees in their care (4) __________more honey than is needed. Then the honey can be removed without causing problems for the bees. Honey collection is an ancient activity, (5) __________ back at least 10.000 years. Thus, honey has become increasingly (6) __________  nowadays as a healthy food, so people of all age can use it not only to treat some simple ailments but also to slow down aging process.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.

a. Tom: Hi, Anna! Yeah, I’ve been going to the gym regularly.

b. Anna: Hi, Tom! Have you been working out? You look great!

c. Anna: It shows! Keep it up, you’re doing awesome!

Read the following passage about the Science in Service of Humanity and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.

Science has come out of its shell in laboratories to become a powerful force for human advancement. Modern scientific endeavors increasingly focus on addressing real-world challenges affecting communities globally. From developing vaccines that save millions to creating technologies connecting people across continents, science serves humanity in countless ways. This shift represents a fundamental evolution in how we perceive scientific progress—not merely academic pursuit but a practical tool for improving lives and solving pressing problems.

[I] Medical breakthroughs exemplify how science directly benefits humanity. [II] For instance, gene therapy offers hope for those with inherited conditions, while artificial intelligence helps diagnose diseases earlier and more accurately. [III] These advancements didn't happen overnight; scientists had to burn the midnight oil for years before achieving success. [IV] Their perseverance demonstrates that when science targets humanitarian goals, results can transform society profoundly.

Environmental science has emerged as another crucial domain where laboratory work translates into human welfare. Climate scientists provide data informing policy decisions affecting billions. Conservation biologists develop strategies to protect biodiversity, ensuring future generations benefit from natural resources. Agricultural researchers create drought-resistant crops helping communities withstand changing climate conditions. Despite these contributions, environmental science faces challenges including funding limitations, political resistance, and urgency of addressing accelerating climate change. Nevertheless, dedicated scientists continue their work, recognizing environmental health directly impacts human wellbeing.

The future of science in service of humanity looks increasingly collaborative and inclusive. Modern approaches incorporate diverse perspectives, including indigenous knowledge and community participation. Citizen science projects engage non-professionals in data collection, democratizing the scientific process. Open-access publishing makes research findings available to anyone with internet access, not just wealthy institutions. These developments suggest science's greatest potential lies in becoming more accessible and responsive to human needs. As we face complex global challenges, from pandemics to climate change, science serving humanity offers our best hope for a sustainable future.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Thành tựu đầu tiên của ứng dụng công nghệ cao trong trồng trọt trên thế giới là:

Read the passage below and choose A, B, C or D to fill in each blank.

There are more than one billion cows in the world, and cow farming is a large source of methane emissions. This colorless and odorless gas (631) ____ at warming the earth.

Farmers and companies are developing solutions for (632) _____. In Canada and Brazil, farmers started adding a special ingredient to their animals' feed to reduce cows' methane production. In New Zealand, scientists are working on a vaccine which can cut methane emissions. Rather than stopping methane emissions, a UK company has designed face masks to catch the gas (633) ______.

The masks will allow cows to continue their normal diet but will turn methane into CO2 and water. They can fit comfortably on the cow's head and can be adjusted to different head sizes. Sensors on the masks can notice when methane comes out of the cow's mouth and provide the percentage of the gas (634)_____. This information can also be useful for farmers who can use it to (635) __________ the early signs of disease. For example, if a cow eats less, but produces more methane than usual, it may have a health problem.

It is predicted that the need for beef and dairy products will go up in the coming years. The company developing the methane-catching masks hopes that farmers will start using their invention, which will slow down global warming.

Một chủng vi khuẩn Escherichia coli mang đột biến làm thay đổi trình tự nucleotide ở vùng vận hành (operator) của operon lac làm giảm ái lực với protein ức chế. Nhận định nào sau đây về sự phiên mã của các gene cấu trúc trong operon lac ở chủng vi khuẩn này là đúng?

Một vật có khối 1kg và động năng 2J. Khi đó động lượng của vật bằng

Khi mức độ lạm phát vừa phải sẽ có tác dụng như thế nào?

Một trong những tiềm năng của chủ nghĩa tư bản hiện đại là